India and Australia: An Emerging Partnership in the Indian Ocean?

( Barthelemy Courmont ),( Colin Geraghty ) 한국국방연구원 2013 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.25 No.2

The intensification of trade exchanges alongside the identification of major security threats has turned the Indian Ocean into one of the most important geographical spaces. The emergence of China has developed growing strategic disputes within the regional powers. Although they defend different objectives, India and Australia have been seeking ways to improve their presence and focusing on possible partnerships based on shared perceptions and common interests. The reality of a Canberra-New Delhi axis remains limited considering the different visions the two protagonists have of it. On the Indian side, the exchanges with Australia are unbalanced due to the vision of the Indian Ocean as a strategic extension of the peninsula. On the Australian side, the subtle balance between strong economic and trade relations with Beijing and reaffirmed political and military relations with Washington justify a new "front" strategy in which India appears to be just one actor among others.

What Implications for Chinese Soft Power:Charm Offensive or New Hegemony?

Barthelemy Courm 인하대학교 국제관계연구소 2013 Pacific Focus Vol.28 No.3

Officially adopted at the 17th Communist Party Congress in 2007, China’s soft-power strategy combines an intense and extremely active promotion of China, in both diplomatic and cultural aspects, and marks the affirmation of China’s global power. Beijing uses Joseph Nye’s concept as a tool to serve its international ambitions. But considering the Chinese power, what are the objectives of this charm offensive in the longer term, and what are the limits of the Chinese soft-power strategy, if any? This article analyzes the different interpretations of the soft power in China, the various strategies followed by the authorities and their implications for the emergence of this country at the international level.

Promoting Multilateralism or Searching for a New Hegemony: A Chinese Vision of Multipolarity

Barthelemy Courm 인하대학교 국제관계연구소 2012 Pacific Focus Vol.27 No.2

The rise of China and its bigger implications within the international system raise the questions of Beijing’s vision of multipolarity. Alongside its growing economic power, China tries to address its own definition of the new world order, by officially strongly promoting a multilateralism that makes China an important actor, but limits the responsibilities that come with such a status. At the same time, Beijing is keener to impose its views towards its partners, mostly in its vicinity, at the risk of being tempted by a new form of hegemony. This article explores the Chinese attitude in a multipolar world, and asserts that China’s grand strategy is both pragmatic and proactive, by constantly keeping a balance between its opportunities and its duties.

Sovereignty, Democracy and Identity: Domestic Debates Over the Definition of the Nation in Taiwan

( Barthelemy Courmont ) 한국국방연구원 2011 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.23 No.4

The legitimacy of Taiwanese sovereignty has been exposed to various interpretations over the past 60 years, oscillating between the Chinese heritage and the affirmation of a specific identity. The democratization of the former Chiang Kai-shek regime since the late 1980s has amplified the divergences between these two opposite postures, generating a domestic political debate that opposes the two biggest political parties and divides the Taiwanese population. Although different, these definitions of a Taiwanese identity and sovereignty have in common a constant reference to the Mainland and the current political regime of Communist China. They also play a key role in determining the strategic relationship with the United States and the affirmation of a defense policy vis-a-vis Beijing. This article explores the evolution of Taiwanese nationalism and its constant link with both Mainland China and the democratization of the regime, and analyzes the differences between the nationalist and the pro-independence postures and examines their consequences for the sovereignty of Taiwan and the definition of the nation.

Outils et succès du soft power coréen : entre reconnaissance internationale et nation branding

Barthelemy Courm,김어진 프랑스학회 2013 프랑스학연구 Vol.64 No.-

한국 소프트 파워의 영향력 증대는 한류라는 한국 대중문화의 확산과 이에 상응하는 정부의 전략이 맞물려 이루어낸 결과물 이다. 아직도 상당히 분산되어 있고 불분명한 면이 있지만 한국 소프트 파워는 국제 무대에서 한국에 대한 인식 증진 및 한국과 그 특성에 대한 진흥이라는 놀랄만한 훌륭한 결과를 축적하고 있다. 단순히 국제사회에서 « 한국에 대한 인식» 의 제고에 제한되지 않은, 보다 지속가능한 한국 소프트 파워 발전을 위해서는 한국이 가지고 있는 자원의 최적화 및 공공 기관의 적극적인 참여가 절실히 필요하다.

China as an Integrated Area?

( Sandra Poncet ),( Jean Barthelemy ) 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 (구 세종대학교 국제경제연구소) 2008 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.23 No.4

This paper documents business cycles` fluctuations in Chinese provinces. China`s de facto federalism, within a context of great geographical and economic diversity, suggests the great importance of policy coordination between provinces. We investigate the role of various potential determinants of provincial business cycles` synchronization. We consider exogenous factors like distance and size as well as policy factors such as industrial, fiscal and trade policy. Results emphasize the benefits of domestic trade and local fiscal policy rationalization on the stabilization of output fluctuations. However, they also identify international trade and local economic policy heterogeneity as growing centrifugal forces.

Anti-inflammatory and anticholinesterase activity of six flavonoids isolated from Polygonum and Dorstenia species

Jean Paul Dzoyem,Antoine H. L. Nkuete,Barthelemy Ngameni,Jacobus N. Eloff 대한약학회 2017 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.40 No.10

This study was aimed at investigating the antiinflammatoryand anticholinesterase activity of six naturallyoccurring flavonoids: (2) pinostrobin (1), 20,40-dihydroxy-30,60-dimethoxychalcone (2), 6-8-diprenyleriodictyol (3),isobavachalcone (4), 4-hydroxylonchocarpin (5) and6-prenylapigenin (6). These compounds were isolated fromDorstenia and Polygonum species used traditionally to treatpain. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined by usingthe Griess assay and the 15-lipoxygenase inhibitory activitywas determined with the ferrous oxidation-xylenolorange assay. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition was determinedby the Ellman’s method. At the lowest concentrationtested (3.12 lg/ml), compounds 2, 3 and 4 had significantNO inhibitory activity with 90.71, 84.65 and 79.57 % inhibitionrespectively compared to the positive controlquercetin (67.93 %). At this concentration there was nosignificant cytotoxicity against macrophages with 91.67,72.86 and 70.86 % cell viability respectively, compared to73.1 % for quercetin. Compound 4 had the most potentlipoxygenase inhibitory activity (IC50 of 25.92 lg/ml). Withthe exception of (2) pinostrobin (1), all the flavonoids hadselective anticholinesterase activity with IC50 values rangingbetween 5.93 and 8.76 lg/ml compared to the IC50 4.94 lg/ml of eserine the positive control. These results indicate thatthe studied flavonoids especially isobavachalcone are potentialanti-inflammatory natural products that may have thepotential to be developed as therapeutic agents against inflammatoryconditions and even Alzheimer’s disease.

A new flap combination for reconstruction of lower nasal dorsum and supra-tip skin defects

Guesnier, Melanie,Claveleau, Xavier,Longeac, Marielle,Barthelemy, Isabelle,Dang, Nathalie Pham,Depeyre, Arnaud Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2019 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.46 No.5

Repairing surgical defects of the nose is still challenging due to its tridimensional shape and its aesthetic concern. Difficulty in reconstructing nasal subunits lies in their contour, skin texture and limited availability of adjacent skin. For lower nasal dorsum and supra-tip regions, we design a new combined local flap as existing local flaps may give disappointing results. This combination flap was performed on two patients for reconstruction of the lower nasal dorsum area after basal cell carcinoma excision. Size of the excision ranged from 20 to 25 mm diameter and safe margins were obtained. The defects were reconstructed with a local flap that combined a rotation nasal flank flap and a V-Y advancement nasolabial flap. Excision and reconstruction were performed in a one-stage surgery under intravenous sedation and local anesthesia. There were no postoperative complications and no flap loss occurred. Aesthetic and functional results after 6 months postoperatively were satisfying without modification of nasal shape. This flap is reliable and offers interesting functional and aesthetic outcomes. It can be considered as a new reconstruction alternative for supra-tip and lower nasal dorsum skin defects performed in a one-stage procedure under local anesthesia.

Exciton diffusion in near-infrared absorbing solution-processed organic thin films

Shin, H.-Y.,Woo, J. H.,Gwon, M. J.,Barthelemy, M.,Vomir, M.,Muto, T.,Takaishi, K.,Uchiyama, M.,Hashizume, D.,Aoyama, T.,Kim, D.-W.,Yoon, S.,Bigot, J.-Y.,Wu, J. W.,Ribierre, J. C. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013 Physical chemistry chemical physics Vol.15 No.8

<P>We report on singlet–singlet annihilation and exciton diffusion in as-prepared p-type and annealed n-type thin films of the low-bandgap quinoidal quaterthiophene [QQT(CN)4] using ultrafast transient absorption measurements. The decay dynamics of exciton populations are well described by a one-dimensional diffusion-limited bimolecular recombination, indicating that the singlet excitons migrate preferentially along the stacking direction. Our results show that the exciton diffusion constants in QQT(CN)4 films do not vary significantly upon thermal annealing. Exciton diffusion lengths are measured to be as high as 4 and 5 nm in as-prepared and annealed QQT(CN)4 films, respectively. We also observe an influence of the excitation densities on the singlet exciton diffusion, which is attributed to phonon scattering. Because of the possibility of patterning p–n regions in QQT(CN)4 films by thermal nanolithography techniques, this study provides important insight not only into the photophysical properties of quinoidal oligothiophene derivatives but also for their future integration into high-performance p–n nanostructured near infrared light-sensing devices.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Exciton–exciton annihilation and exciton diffusion processes are investigated by femtosecond transient absorption in as-prepared p-type and annealed n-type thin films of the quinoidal quaterthiophene [QQT(CN)4]. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2cp43705h'> </P>