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Balasubramanian Rajkapoor,Maideen Naina Mohamed Pakkir,Muthusamy Sudha,Gobinath Mirunalini,Balasubramanian Rajkapoor 대한약침학회 2023 Journal of pharmacopuncture Vol.26 No.1
Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition that occurs frequently among women of reproductive age and is a polygenic, multifactorial, endocrine, and metabolic disorder. PCOS is becoming more common as a result of risk factors such as current lifestyle, overnutrition, and stress. The use of traditional herbal medicine is higher among the global population. Hence, this review article focuses on the potential of Nigella sativa to manage women with PCOS. Methods: A literature search was carried out using databases including Medline, Google Scholar, EBSCO, Embase, and Science Direct, as well as reference lists, to identify relevant publications that support the use of N. sativa in the management of women with PCOS. Results: Several clinical and preclinical studies have demonstrated that the major bioactive constituent of black seed (N. sativa), thymoquinone, has potential for managing women with PCOS. Moreover, N. sativa may help to manage oligomenorrhea and amenorrhea in women with PCOS through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Conclusion: N. sativa has potential for use as a herbal medicine for managing women with PCOS as an integrative medicine along with traditional and modern medicine in conjunction with calorie restriction and regular exercise.
( M. Balasubramanian ),( V. Jayabalan ),( V. Balasubramanian ) 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2007 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.13 No.4
Titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) is very widely used in the fabrication of advanced industrial equipment, combat vehicles, gas turbines, spacecraft and so on. The preferred welding process for titanium alloy is gas tungsten arc (GTA) welding due to its comparatively easier applicability and better economy. However, welding of titanium alloy leads to grain coarsening at the fusion zone and the heat-affected zone, and this often results in inferior weld mechanical properties and poor resistance to hot cracking. Hence, in this investigation an attempt has been made to refine the fusion zone microstructure of titanium alloy by using a pulsed current GTA welding process instead of a constant current GTA welding process. Further mathematical models were developed by means of a response surface method, which enabled the process parameters to be optimized to achieve a minimum grain size and maximum hardness in GTA welding of the alloy under study. The parameter optimization involved the use of a response surface, contour plots and Kuhn-Tucker conditions.
Balasubramanian Viswanathan,Raman Ganesan 한국화학공학회 2005 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.22 No.1
Bis(ethylenediamine) copper(II) complex was encapsulated in NaY, KL, Na and NaZSM-5 zeolite. Theredox properties of metal complexes in neat and encapsulated state were studied by cyclic voltammetry. The redoxpotential of metal complex is altered towards negative value upon encapsulation in various zeolites. This may be dueto axial interaction with various zeolite matrix. The redox properties of biological systems are also altered (cytochrome-C, and Vitamin-B12) when they are imobilized on NaAlMCM-41 materials. The coper ethylenediamine complexin constrained environment shows higher activity for the oxidation of dimethyl sulfide compared to that of neat complex.
EFFECT OF NON-EQUILIBRIUM CONDENSATION OF WET STEAM IN THE MODIFIED SONIC NOZZLE
Balasubramanian Dhandapani,Jang-Chang Lee(이장창) 한국전산유체공학회 2020 한국전산유체공학회지 Vol.25 No.4
The non-equilibrium condensation effects of steam in the modified sonic nozzle are investigated. The modified sonic nozzle in this paper is based on the sonic nozzle of ASME where the flow velocity reaches Mach number one at the throat and where the pressure ratio of inlet/outlet(P1/P3) is operated with greater than two to achieve sonic state. As the superheated dry steam accelerates through the nozzle, the condensation of steam occurs and then the steam becomes the wet steam which is two phases mixture with saturated vapor and liquid droplets. The numerical modeling of the non-equilibrium condensation in the modified sonic nozzle is obtained by solving two transport equations based on the classical nucleation theory with the droplet growth law of Hill. The numerical results show that the Mach number reaches 1.2 immediately after throat, the droplet nucleation rate increases rapidly with increasing subcooling level(ΔT), and the liquid mass fraction increases gradually downstream of nozzle. Also the condensation effects in the modified sonic nozzle is compared internally with its different thermal choking ratio’s and with dry steam cases for better realization of the modified sonic nozzle.
High performance maleic acid based oil well scale inhibitors—Development and comparative evaluation
Balasubramanian Senthilmurugan,Bisweswar Ghosh,Siva Sanker 한국공업화학회 2011 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.17 No.3
Scale formation in industrial systems is an important engineering problem that leads to decreased system efficiencies, increased frequency of chemical cleaning and an increased number of outages due to metal integrity failure. In order to minimize the formation of scale deposits, threshold scale inhibitor treatments are common practice in an industry. This paper describes synthesis, characterization and comparative evaluation of two low molecular weight maleic acid copolymers as potential calcite scale inhibitors. GPC, FT-IR and thermal analyzers were employed for molecular characterization; scale inhibition efficiency was studied through static jar test, dynamic tube block method, iron dispersing ability test and through electrochemical technique such as electrochemical impedance technique. SEM analysis demonstrated inhibited and un-inhibited crystal morphology. Complete scale inhibition was possible at a low dose of 20–25 ppm throughout the test regime.
Balasubramanian, Rukmanikrishnan.,Kim, Sam Soo,Lee, Jintae,Lee, Jaewoong Elsevier 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES Vol.123 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The hydrogel based composite film was prepared from <I>k</I>-Carrageenan (<I>k</I>-C), xanthan gum (X) and gellan gum (G) by solvent casting method. The transparent films made from these gellable materials with synergistic hydrogel composition have soft texture, good elasticity and excellent break strength. The <I>k</I>-C/X/G based nanocomposite films prepared from different weight ratio of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles were characterized for new packaging materials. The morphology, structure and microstructure properties of the <I>k</I>-C/X/G and TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanocomposite films were characterized by FT-IR, XRD and SEM analysis. By the incorporation of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> in the <I>k</I>-C/X/G nanocomposite films, the tensile strength, tensile modulus, T<SUB>g</SUB> and thermal stability of the films were greatly enhanced. Due to the hydrophobic nature of the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoparticles there is an increase in contact angle whereas moisture content of the films decreased. The water vapor permeability (WVP) and ultra violet lights transmittance decrease upon increasing the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> content. The <I>k</I>-C/X/G and TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanocomposites effectively shield the UV light, exhibited partial microbial activity against <I>Staphylococcus aureus</I> and have a high potential for the application in food and non-food industries as UV shielding packaging materials.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Fabrication of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> based k-C/X/G nanocomposite films by solution casting method. </LI> <LI> TiO<SUB>2</SUB> increased the hydrophobic nature of the films. </LI> <LI> The nanocomposite films improved their thermal stability, mechanical and water barrier properties compared with neat films. </LI> <LI> These nanocomposite films developed for food packaging applications. </LI> </UL> </P>