http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Balakrishnan, G,Thirumurugesan, R,Mohandas, E,Sastikumar, D,Kuppusami, P,Songl, J I American Scientific Publishers 2014 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.14 No.10
<P>Aluminium oxide (Al2O3) thin films were deposited on Si (100) substrates at an optimized oxygen partial pressure of 3 x 10(-3) mbar at room temperature by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The films were characterized by high temperature X-ray diffraction (HTXRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The HTXRD pattern showed the cubic y-Al2O3 phase in the temperature range 300-973 K. At temperatures 1073 K, the δ and θ-phases of Al2O3 were observed. The mean linear thermal expansion coefficient and volume thermal expansion coefficient of γ-Al2O3 was found to be 12.66 x 10(-6) K(-1) and 38.87 x 10(-6) K(-1) in the temperature range 300 K-1073 K. The field emission scanning electron microscopy revealed a smooth and structureless morphology of the films deposited on Si (100). The atomic force microscopy study indicated the increased crystallinity and surface roughness of the films after annealing at high temperature.</P>
Balakrishnan, A.,Panigrahi, B.B.,Sanosh, K.P.,Chu, Min-Cheol,Kim, T.N.,Cho, Seong-Jai Elsevier 2009 Journal of materials processing technology Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>This work attempts to improve the mechanical properties of alumina-10wt% zirconia (3mol% yttria stabilized) composite by infiltrating a glass (magnesium aluminum silicate glass) of lower thermal expansion on the surface at high temperature. The glass improved the strength of the composite at room temperature as well as at higher temperatures. There was a significant improvement in the Weibull modulus after the glass infiltration. Glass-infiltrated samples showed better thermal shock resistance. The magnitude of strength increment was found to be in the order of the surface residual stress generated by thermo-elastic properties mismatch between the composite and the infiltrated glass.</P>
Balakrishnan, B.,Park, S. H.,Kwon, H. J. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Biotechnology letters Vol.39 No.1
<P>MppE controls the biosynthesis of the yellow pigments, ankaflavin and monascin, as a reductive enzyme in the azaphilone polyketide pathway.</P>
Balakrishnan Avinash,Kim Yun-Jong,Lee Seung-Woo,Kim Taik-Nam 배재대학교 공학연구소 2004 공학논문집 Vol.6 No.1
In the present study, a simple method was successfully used for hydroxyapatite coatings on Ti-6AL-4V substrates deposited by using a sol-gel derived precursor. Prior to hydroxyapatite coating the samples were micropolished (0.1 micron) and divided into three sets. The first set, were the micropolished samples kept as such. The second set were coated with titania sol and the third set was treated with 5M NaOH. After three repetitions of hydroxyapatite coating procedures on each set and heat treatment at $600^{\circ}C$, the formation of hydroxyapatite has been confirmed by XRD analyses and the substrate material was found to be oxidized with negligible amount of CaO in the coating. The SEM studies revealed surface morphology. Hydroxyapatite, calcined at $600^{\circ}C$, displaying a porous structure arisen from heating of the bulk
Balakrishnan, P.,Song, C. K.,Jahn, A.,Cho, H. J. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 Pharmaceutical research Vol.33 No.1
<P>To evaluate the anti-tumor effect of ceramide or trimethylphytosphingosine-iodide (TMP-I) containing solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) prepared using trymyristin, phosphatidylcholine (PC), and Pluronic P85 (P85) for intravenous delivery of docetaxel. Docetaxel-loaded SLNs using ceramide or TMP-I at 3.22% (w/w) with a mean diameter of 89-137 nm were successfully prepared by high pressure homogenization. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by particle size, zeta potential, drug content, and TEM analysis. Cellular uptake and cytotoxicity were studied using adriamycin-resistant breast cancer (MCF-7/ADR) cells. The optimized formulation's dissolution profile, pharmacokinetics, and antitumor effect in mice tumor model were compared with that of control (Taxotere(A (R))). The drug release rate of docetaxel from SLNs was lower than that of control (Taxotere(A (R))). The prepared SLNs showed higher cellular uptake of docetaxel compared to that of Taxotere(A (R)) in MCF-7/ADR cell lines, which was further confirmed by the confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) study using coumarin 6 (C6). Prepared SLNs exhibited significantly increased antitumor efficacy, compared to Taxotere(A (R)), in MCF-7/ADR cells. In vivo pharmacokinetic study in rats (at 10 mg/kg dose) showed that the SLNs significantly reduced in vivo clearance of drug than Taxotere(A (R)). Interestingly, ceramide and TMP-I SLNs efficiently inhibited the tumor growth compared to Taxotere(A (R)) in MCF-7/ADR tumor xenografted mouse model. This work showed that TMP-I and ceramide SLNs not only significantly enhanced systemic exposure of drug, but also increased antitumor efficacy compared to Taxotere(A (R)) and control SLN.</P>
Microindentation fracture behavior of surface modified alumina ceramic using glass infiltration
Balakrishnan, A.,Panigrahi, B.B.,Chu, M.C.,Kim, T.N.,Cho, S.J. Elsevier 2009 Journal of materials processing technology Vol.209 No.4
This study investigates the effect of a low expansion glass (Mg<SUB>3</SUB>Al<SUB>2</SUB>Si<SUB>6</SUB>O<SUB>18</SUB>) treatment on the surface fracture toughness of sintered alumina. The surface fracture toughness was determined by direct indentation method (Vickers indentations), carried out at different loads ranging from 9.8 to 196N. The crack lengths on the surface at each load were found to be decreased (8-12%) by glass treatment and the corresponding crack resistance values increased by about 17-20%. Both sintered and glass treated specimens showed rising trend in crack resistance values as the indentation load was increased. There was also a significant increase in the Weibull modulus value of crack resistance. Improved properties of glass treated sample were attributed to the formation of a relatively larger process zone surrounding the crack, crack arrest behavior due to the compressive stresses and the crack bridging phenomena. The compressive stresses were generated from the thermo-elastic properties mismatch: (a) between the glass and the ceramic in the glass infiltrated zone, and (b) the glass-ceramic composite layer and the ceramic substrate.
Balakrishnan Parasuraman 한국비교노동법학회 2008 노동법논총 Vol.13 No.-
This paper is based on the analysis of two of the most important pieces of Malaysian employment legislation (Employment Act 1955 and Industrial Relations Act 1967) and the Malaysian Industrial Court awards (criterion-based sampling) on misconduct, domestic inquiry and the rules of natural justice. Misconduct is a conduct by the employee which is inconsistent with the fulfillment of the expressed or implied conditions of his service. In Malaysian employment relations, there seems to be an increasing number of Industrial Court cases related to employment misconduct. In 2005, 98.2% of the dismissal awards from the Industrial Court were related to the employment misconduct. Ineffective management of employment misconduct especially the violation of the rules of natural justice in the conduct of domestic inquires results an employee (workman) claiming unfair dismissal under Section 20, Industrial Relations Act 1967. Therefore the due (domestic) inquiry is a requirement (Section 14.1 of the Employment Act 1955, and the principles of common law), which the employer must adhere before meting out any punishment for employment misconduct. Recently, there had been several questions on the interpretation of Section 14(1) of the Employment Act 1955 on the need for domestic inquiry before dismissal for workman who are not within the scope of the Employment Act 1955. However findings from the Industrial Court awards reveals that many awards were made against the employers as they failed to conduct domestic inquiry and violated the principles of natural justice. This means domestic inquiry must beheld for serious misconduct cases and the accused employee must be accorded to a fair hearing based on the rules of natural justice. In this paper the authors are suggesting some proactive measures which can be taken by employers to minimize and to prevent employment misconduct, besides other guideline to improve employment relationship in the context of Malaysia.