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      • KCI등재후보

        Growth Characteristics of Ultrahigh-density Microalgal Cultures

        Amos Richmond 한국생물공학회 2003 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.8 No.6

        The physiological characteristics of cultures of very high cell mass (e.g. 10 g cell mass/L), termed “ultrahigh cell density cultures” is reviewed. A close relationship was found between the length of the optical path (OP) in flat-plate reactors and the optimal cell density of the culture as well as its areal (g m-2 day-1) productivity. Cell-growth inhibition (GI) unfolds as culture density surpasses a certain threshold. If it is constantly relieved, a 1.0 cm OP reactor could produce ca. 50% more than reactors with longer OP, e.g. 5 or 10 cm. This unique effect, discovered by Hu et al. [3], is explained in terms of the relationships between the frequency of the light-dark cycle (L-D cycle), cells undergo in their travel between the light and dark volumes in the reactor, and the turnover time of the photosynthetic center (PC). In long OP reactors (5 cm and above) the L-D cycle time may be orders of magnitude longer than the PC turnover time, resulting in a light regime in which the cells are exposed along the L-D cycle, to long, wasteful dark periods. In contrast, in reactors with an OP of ca. 1.0 cm, the L-D cycle frequency approaches the PC turnover time resulting in a significant reduction of the wasteful dark exposure time, thereby inducing a surge in photosynthetic efficiency. Presently, the major difficulty in mass cultivation of ultrahigh-density culture (UHDC) concerns cell growth inhibition in the culture, the exact nature of which is awaiting detailed investigation.

      • KCI등재

        Glocalization and the Gift-Giving Spirit: Informality and Shalom beyond the Political Economy of Exchange

        ( Amos Yong ) 한세대학교 영산신학연구소 2012 영산신학저널 Vol.25 No.-

        This article explores the relationship between religion, globalization, and economics by focusing on the informal economy and by drawing from world Pentecostalism as a more-or-less concrete case study. After defining the informal economy, the article examines the parallels and intersections between the church and informality, identifies the challenges and opportunities that exist for the church that is in but not constrained by the informal sphere, and sketches a Pentecostal theology of the informal economy in light of early Christian economic practices. The burden of the paper is two-fold: to think about a Christian theology of the economy in the context of poverty and globalization processes, and to consider how the early Christian political economy of the book of Acts can inform such theological reflection. From this perspective, contemporary Pentecostalism provides a springboard for examining local and global economic issues in light of biblical and theological concerns and vice-versa. The challenge will be to discern how and to what degree early Christian economic practices can be said to inform contemporary Pentecostal political economy on the one hand, and how this interface between biblical and contemporary practice funds reflection on a Christian theology of economics in the late modern capitalistic world of the early twenty-first century.

      • SSCISCOPUSKCI등재
      • SSCISCOPUSKCI등재
      • KCI등재

        Hybrid Impedance Control-based Autonomous Robotic System for Natural-like Drinking Assistance for Disabled Persons

        Amos Alwala,Haitham El-Hussieny,Samy F. M. Assal,Abdelfatah Mohamed,Kiyotaka Iwasaki 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.6

        Drinking is an essential activity of daily living (ADL) that is frequently required for a healthy life. Disabled persons however need recurrent assistance from the caregivers to perform such ADL. The existing assistive robots that have been developed to assist in performing ADL require either manual or shared control. There is therefore need for completely autonomous systems that can deal with the existing system limitations. In this paper, a hybrid impedance control-based autonomous robotic system for natural-like drinking assistance for disabled persons is developed. The system comprises of a UR-10 manipulator and a Kinect RGB-D sensor for online detection of the face and mouth along with tracking head pose, cup region of interest recognition and detection of the drink level. A two-stage control strategy is employed; namely, a free-space control to convey an upright oriented cup of drink to the user’s mouth and in-contact compliant control to continuously reorient the cup. Online trajectory replanning is conducted in case of unintentional head and mouth pose changes. A hybrid impedance control is developed to tackle three cases of cup and user’s mouth contact; namely, permissible contact force, contact loss and exceeding the contact force threshold. Simulation results based on co-simulating the manipulator dynamics in ADAMS and MATLAB indicate high performance of the controller in terms of tracking the generated pose and desired force trajectories during the drinking task. The results also indicate that the proposed system can conduct the drinking assistance autonomously.

      • SSCISCOPUSKCI등재

        Prospects for US. National Security Strategy in the East Asian Region to the Year 2000

        ( Amos A Jordan ) 한국국방연구원 1989 The Korean Journal of Defense Analysis Vol.1 No.1

        “Strategy” is a highly elastic term which can be, and usually is, stretched in a number of directions. For the purposes of this essay the definition will be kept simple, namely, “the ways a nation conceives, develops and applies its overall resources to accomplish its objectives.” “National security strategy” is a much broader concept than “military strategy,” encompassing the full range of foreign and defense policy objectives and entailing all the instruments of national power applicable to the pursuit of those objectives.

      • KCI등재

        Impact of Expanded Small Alkyl-Binding Pocket by Triple Point Mutations on Substrate Specificity of Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus Secondary Alcohol Dehydrogenase

        ( Amos K. Dwamena ),( Robert S. Phillips ),( Chang Sup Kim ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.3

        Site-directed mutagenesis was employed to generate five different triple point mutations in the double mutant (C295A/I86A) of Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus alcohol dehydrogenase (TeSADH) by computer-aided modeling with the aim of widening the small alkyl-binding pocket. TeSADH engineering enables the enzyme to accept sterically hindered substrates that could not be accepted by the wild-type enzyme. The underline in the mutations highlights the additional point mutation on the double mutant TeSADH introduced in this work. The catalytic efficiency (k<sub>cat</sub>/K<sub>M</sub>) of the M151A/C295A/I86A triple TeSADH mutant for acetophenone increased about 4.8-fold higher than that of the double mutant. A 2.4-fold increase in conversion of 3’-methylacetophenone to (R)-1-(3-methylphenyl)-ethanol with a yield of 87% was obtained by using V115A/C295A/I86A mutant in asymmetric reduction. The A85G/C295A/I86A mutant also produced (R)-1-(3-methylphenyl)-ethanol (1.7-fold) from 3’-methylacetophenone and (R)-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)-ethanol (1.2-fold) from 3’-methoxyacetophenone, with improved yield. In terms of thermal stability, the M151A/C295A/I86A and V115A/C295A/I86A mutants significantly increased ΔT<sub>1/2</sub> by +6.8ºC and +2.4ºC, respectively, with thermal deactivation constant (k<sub>d</sub>) close to the wild-type enzyme. The M151A/C295A/I86A mutant reacts optimally at 70 ºC with almost 4 times more residual activity than the wild type. Considering broad substrate tolerance and thermal stability together, it would be promising to produce (R)-1-(3-methylphenyl)-ethanol from 3’-methylacetophenone by V115A/C295A/I86A, and (R)-1-phenylethanol from acetophenone by M151A/C295A/I86A mutant, in large-scale bioreduction processes.

      • KCI등재

        A computational exploration of the Chinese remainder theorem

        Amos O. Olagunju 한국전산응용수학회 2008 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.26 No.1

        Real life problems can be expressed as a congruence modulus n and split into a system of congruence equations in modulus factors of n. A system of congruence equations can be combined into a congruence equation under certain conditions. This paper uniquely presents and critically reviews the generalized Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT) for combining systems of congruence equations into single congruence equations. Sequential and parallel implementation strategies of the generic CRT are outlined. A variety of unique applications of the CRT are discussed. Real life problems can be expressed as a congruence modulus n and split into a system of congruence equations in modulus factors of n. A system of congruence equations can be combined into a congruence equation under certain conditions. This paper uniquely presents and critically reviews the generalized Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT) for combining systems of congruence equations into single congruence equations. Sequential and parallel implementation strategies of the generic CRT are outlined. A variety of unique applications of the CRT are discussed.

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