An Improved Method for Robust and Efficient Clustering Using EM Algorithm with Gaussian Kernel

Aakash Soor,Vikas Mittal 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.7 No.3

Disease diagnostics using hydrodynamic flow focusing in microfl uidic devices: Beyond flow cytometry

Aakash Rajawat,Siddhartha Tripathi 대한의용생체공학회 2020 Biomedical Engineering Letters (BMEL) Vol.10 No.2

The multi-disciplinary fi eld of microfl uidics has the potential to provide solutions to a diverse set of problems. It off ers theadvantages of high-throughput, continuous, rapid and expeditious analysis requiring minute quantities of sample. However,even as this fi eld has yielded many mass-manufacturable and cost-effi cient point-of-care devices, its direct and practicalapplications into the fi eld of disease diagnostics still remain limited and largely overlooked by the industry. This reviewfocuses on the phenomenon of hydrodynamic focusing and its potential to materialize solutions for appropriate diagnosisand prognosis. The study aims to look beyond its intended cytometric applications and focus on unambiguous disease detection,monitoring, drug delivery, studies conducted on DNA and highlight the instances in the scientifi c literature that haveproposed such approach.

Experimental and numerical characterization of mechanical properties of carbon/jute fabric reinforced epoxy hybrid composites

Aakash Ali,Muhammad Ali Nasir,Muhammad Yasir Khalid,Saad Nauman,Khubab Shaker,Shahab Khushnood,Khurram Altaf,Muhammad Zeeshan,Azhar Hussain 대한기계학회 2019 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.33 No.9

Natural fiber composites have great potential for reducing the product cost, lowering weight and enhancing renewability. Functionality and performance of natural fibers can be enhanced many folds using them together with synthetic fibers. Hybridization of carbon and low-cost natural jute fiber offers a sustainable hybrid composite having high modulus and mechanical strength. This study investigates flexural behavior of carbon/jute epoxy composites experimentally and numerically. Also, impact response is characterized through drop weight method. Study concludes that flexural strength decreases with increase in jute percentage. Simulation of flexural behavior diverges more than 10 % from experimental results. This anomaly is due to waviness of fiber resulting in heterogeneous property distribution in composites. Further, the fracto-graphic study revealed modes of failure. The drop weight impact tests reveal increased damage area with increase in jute percentage.

Persistent polyclonal B-cell lymphocytosis with buttock-like cells mimicking follicular lymphoma

Fnu Aakash,Sa A Wang,Karan Saluja,Beenu Thakral 대한혈액학회 2023 Blood Research Vol.58 No.3

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미국과 한국의 장애영재 (2e) 논문 내용분석과 사례연구

아카시 초카세(Aakash Chowkase),이혜성(Hyeseong Lee) 순천향대학교 특수아동교육연구소 2020 특수·영재교육저널 Vol.7 No.2

장애영재는 영재성과 장애를 동시에 소유하고 있기 때문에 특별한 상황에 놓여있다. 해당 논문은 두 가지 목적을 가지고 있는데 첫째, 미국과 한국의 장애영재에 관한 논문의 특성을 살펴 해당분야 연구자들에게 현재 상황을 인지할 수 있도록 돕는 것과 둘째, 장애영재의 사례연구를 비네트로 제시하고 실제 교육현장에서 적용할 수 있는 실용적인 제안점을 서술하여 이 분야에 익숙하지 않은 연구자들과 교육자들에게 도움을 주고자 하는 것으로 나뉜다. 첫번째 파트의 내용분석을 통해 한국은 장애영재의 개념이 도입된 이래 아주 적은 양의 논문 (1년 평균 1편)이 해당 주제로 출판되었으며 데이터를 기반으로 한 연구물 (42.85%)이 절반 이하임을 알 수 있었다. 미국의 경우 그보다 높은 63.64%의 연구물들이 실증연구를 기반으로 하였고 연구 참가자 역시 학생 위주 (57.14%)로, 교육자 및 학부모 등의 성인을 주 연구 대상 (95.24%)으로 한 한국과는 다른 결과를 보였다. 두번째 파트에서는 대학교 기반의 여름 영재캠프에서 실제 있었던 장애영재의 일화를 소개함으로써 장애영재를 가르치는 교사들과 학부모들에게 효율적인 방법들을 제의하였다. Twice-exceptional (2e) students have unique needs as they maintain both characteristics of giftedness and disability. The purpose of this article is to (a) provide a rationale of current research status regarding 2e in South Korea and U.S which would be helpful for researchers in the field, and (b) introduce a case-study of 2e though vignette and suggest practical tips for educators and researchers who may not be familiar with the concept of 2e. The first phase of the study revealed that 2e has caught a little attention since its introduction in South Korea and lacks evidence-based research remained 42.85% of the total studies. The U.S studies, however, were more based on the empirical studies (63.64%) and have focused a lot on students as participants (57.14% of the total studies) whereas only one study (4.76%) in South Korea used student participants. In the second phase, we began with a vignette based on a real incident which happened in a university-based summer enrichment program and used that as a case-study to demonstrate strategies teachers and parents could use while working with 2e. We maintain that 2e learners require appropriate attention for both of their needs emerging from their twice-exceptionality.

Formulation development of directly compressible co-processed excipient for sustained release of tramadol hydrochloride

Hetal Patel,Aakash Ghayal,Ashish Mishra,Shailesh Shah 한국약제학회 2015 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.45 No.1

The objective of present investigation was toprepare and evaluate directly compressible co-processedexcipient for sustained release tablets. Tramadol hydrochloridewas selected as a model drug. Percentage ofglyceryl monostearate, proportion of dicalcium phosphatedihydrate with respect to glyceryl monostearate and concentrationof polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP K30) wereselected as independent variables in 3³ Box–Behnkendesign. Percentage drug release at given time (Q3, Q6, Q12)and Carr’s index were selected as dependent variables. Glyceryl monostearate and dicalcium phosphate dihydrateblend was granulated with PVP K30 and passed through 30mesh sieve to prepare co-processed excipient. This wasevaluated for percentage fines, Carr’s index, particle sizedistribution and granular friability index. Drug was mixedwith co-processed excipient and sustained release tabletswere prepared and evaluated. Regression analysis wascarried out to evolve full and refined models. Contour plotswere presented for graphical expression of the results. Themechanism of drug release from all batches followed Fickiandiffusion. Optimized batch was found to be stable for3 months at accelerated conditions (40 ˚C/75 % RH). Itcan be concluded that multifunctional directly compressibleco-processed excipient of glyceryl monostearate anddicalcium phosphate dihydrate can successfully be used tosustain the release of highly water soluble drugs.

Trends and Outcomes of Type 2 Myocardial Infarction During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States

Harshith Thyagaturu,Nicholas Roma,Aakash Angirekula,Sittinun Thangjui,Alex Bolton,Karthik Gonuguntla,Yasar Sattar,Muchi Ditah Chobufo,Abhiram Challa,Neel Patel,Gayatri Bondi,Sameer Raina 대한심장학회 2023 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.53 No.12

Background and Objectives: There is limited data on the impact of type 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from January 2019 to December 2020 was queried to identify T2MI hospitalizations based on the appropriate International Classification of Disease, Tenth Revision-Clinical Modification codes. Monthly trends of COVID-19 and T2MI hospitalizations were evaluated using Joinpoint regression analysis. In addition, the multivariate logistic and linear regression analysis was used to compare in-hospital mortality, coronary angiography use, and resource utilization between 2019 and 2020. Results: A total of 743,535 patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of T2MI were identified in the years 2019 (n=331,180) and 2020 (n=412,355). There was an increasing trend in T2MI hospitalizations throughout the study period corresponding to the increase in COVID-19 hospitalizations in 2020. The adjusted odds of in-hospital mortality associated with T2MI hospitalizations were significantly higher in 2020 compared with 2019 (11.1% vs. 8.1%: adjusted odds ratio, 1.19 [1.13–1.26]; p<0.01). In addition, T2MI hospitalizations were associated with lower odds of coronary angiography and higher total hospitalization charges, with no difference in the length of stay in 2020 compared with 2019. Conclusions: We found a significant increase in T2MI hospitalizations with higher in-hospital mortality, total hospitalization costs, and lower coronary angiography use during the early COVID-19 pandemic corresponding to the trends in the rise of COVID-19 hospitalizations. Further research into the factors associated with increased mortality can increase our preparedness for future pandemics.

Hemispheric Differences in Ischemic Stroke: Is Left-Hemisphere Stroke More Common?

Vishnumurthy Shushrutha Hedna,Aakash N Bodhit,Saeed Ansari,Adam D Falchook,Latha Stead,Kenneth M Heilman,,Michael F Waters 대한신경과학회 2013 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.9 No.2

Background and Purpose Understanding the mechanisms underlying stroke can aid the development of therapies and improve the final outcome. The purposes of this study were to establish whether there are characteristic mechanistic differences in the frequency, severity, functional outcome, and mortality between left- and right-hemisphere ischemic stroke and, given the velocity differences in the carotid circulation and direct branching of the left common carotid artery from the aorta, whether large-vessel ischemia (including cardioembolism) is more common in the territory of the left middle cerebral artery. Methods Trial cohorts were combined into a data set of 476 samples. Using Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment criteria, ischemic strokes in a total 317 patients were included in the analysis. Hemorrhagic stroke, stroke of undetermined etiology, cryptogenic stroke, and bilateral ischemic strokes were excluded. Laterality and vascular distribution were correlated with outcomes using a logistic regression model. The etiologies of the large-vessel strokes were atherosclerosis and cardioembolism. Results The overall event frequency, mortality, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS)score, Glasgow Coma Scale score, and rate of mechanical thrombectomy interventions differed significantly between the hemispheres. Left-hemispheric strokes (54%) were more common than right-hemispheric strokes (46%; p=0.0073), and had higher admission NIHSS scores (p=0.011),increased mortality (p=0.0339), and higher endovascular intervention rates (p≤0.0001). ischemic strokes were more frequent in the distribution of the left middle cerebral artery (122 vs. 97;p=0.0003) due to the higher incidence of large-vessel ischemic stroke in this area (p=0.0011). Conclusions Left-hemispheric ischemic strokes appear to be more frequent and often have a worse outcome than their right-hemispheric counterparts. The incidence of large-vessel ischemic strokes is higher in the left middle cerebral artery distribution, contributing to these hemispheric differences. The hemispheric differences exhibit a nonsignificant trend when strokes in the middle cerebral artery distribution are excluded from the analysis.

Virtual Interactive Hand Gestures Recognition System in Real Time Environment

T. B. Patil,Aakash Jain,Supriya C. Sawant,Debnath Bhattacharyya,Hye-Jin Kim 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.9 No.7

Normal human Beings can communicate with each other with the help of various different languages, however, the people who can’t speak have different sign languages to communicate with others. But a major setback of sign language is that only people those who know sign language can communicate with them. Individuals habitually use gestures to interconnect. Gestures are used for directing to an individual, to get his devotion and convey statistics about temporal and spatial physiognomies. Gesticulating does not only elaborate verbal language, but it is part of the language production practice. In our paper we recommend a scheme which will be able to convert the sign language into words or sentences. The system takes inputs several hand gestures then processes its meaning and verifies it with the stored gestures in database and results the corresponding output on the screen.

Early Infant Feeding Practices May Influence the Onset of Symptomatic Celiac Disease

Vajpayee, Shailja,Sharma, Shiv Dayal,Gupta, Rajkumar,Goyal, Alok,Sharma, Aakash The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology 2016 Pediatric gastroenterology, hepatology & nutrition Vol.19 No.4

Purpose: To study whether breastfeeding and breastfeeding status during gluten introduction influences the age at diagnosis of celiac disease (CD). In addition to study, whether the timing of gluten introduction influences the age at diagnosis of CD. Methods: It was a hospital based observational study. Total 198 patients diagnosed with CD as per modified European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (2012) criteria, aged between 6 months to 6 years were included. Detail history taken with special emphasis on breastfeeding and age of gluten introduction. Standard statistical methods used to analyze the data. Results: $Mean{\pm}standard$ deviation age of onset and diagnosis of CD in breastfed cases was $2.81{\pm}1.42$ years and $3.68{\pm}1.55$ years respectively as compared to $1.84{\pm}1.36$ years and $2.70{\pm}1.65$ years respectively in not breastfed cases (p<0.05). Those who had continued breastfeeding during gluten introduction and of longer duration had significantly delayed onset of disease. The age at onset of CD was under one year in 40.42% of the cases, who had started gluten before 6 months of age compared to only 12.58% of those who had started gluten later (p<0.001). The proposed statistical model showed that two variables, i.e., breast feeding status during gluten introduction and age at gluten introduction positively influencing the age at diagnosis of CD. Conclusion: Delayed gluten introduction to infant's diet along with continuing breastfeeding, delays symptomatic CD. However, it is not clear from our study that these infant feeding practices provide permanent protection against the disease or merely delays the symptoms.