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Pressure change dynamics of plasma focus chambers as a part of the pulse neutron generators
Mikhailov Yu.V.,Prokuratov I.A.,Lemeshko B.D.,Morozov V.M.,Dulatov A.K.,Charaev O.A.,Rukoliansky A.O.,Andreev V.G.,Litvinov I.N. 한국물리학회 2022 Current Applied Physics Vol.39 No.-
The dynamics of working gas pressure changes in the plasma focus (PF) chambers were studied by using the chamber with a built-in manometer as part of the ING-102 neutron generator (2.5 MeV neutron yield 106÷107 neutrons/pulse). Investigations were carried out during high-voltage training and neutron emission operation mode. The studies were executed while filling the chamber with various gas mixtures. For operation with a deuterium-tritium mixture, a sealed-off chamber with a built-in gas generator was used. After the primary filling of the PF chambers with a gas mixture, there is a systematic decrease in pressure by Δp = (5 ÷ 50)⋅10-3 Torr (~0,7 ÷ 7 Pa) after each shot of the chamber. The change in the shape of breakdown curves Ubr(p) in the interelectrode gap of the chamber after each series of shots was studied. That made it possible to assess the optimal number of shots during high-voltage training of the PF chamber.
A. MIKHAILOV,H. O. MATTHIESEN 대한설비공학회 2010 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.18 No.3
In this paper, a comparative study of CO2 and water-based brine secondary cooling systems for refrigeration applications is presented. CO2 secondary systems are simple and could prove to be attractive for high temperature (HT) and medium temperature (MT) in industrial and commercial refrigeration applications regardless of climate. Calculations show that CO2 secondary systems give a possibility of energy savings in the range of 10–20% for HT systems and more than 20–30% for MT systems. The design and particular challenges of CO2 systems are discussed. The analysis is illustrated by case studies. Further possibilities to optimized secondary CO2 systems by modulating pressure or applying frequency converters are discussed. The use of secondary CO2 systems in commercial refrigeration installations (supermarket systems) is briefly discussed.
Mikhailov, A.,Matthiesen, H.O. The Society of Air-Conditioning and Refrigerating 2010 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.18 No.3
In this paper, a comparative study of $CO_2$ and water-based brine secondary cooling systems for refrigeration applications is presented. $CO_2$ secondary systems are simple and could prove to be attractive for high temperature (HT) and medium temperature (MT) in industrial and commercial refrigeration applications regardless of climate. Calculations show that $CO_2$ secondary systems give a possibility of energy savings in the range of 10-20% for HT systems and more than 20-30% for MT systems. The design and particular challenges of $CO_2$ systems are discussed. Th analysis is illustrated by case studies. Further possibilities to optimized secondary $CO_2$ systems by modulating pressure or applying frequency converters are discussed. The use of secondary $CO_2$ systems in commercial refrigeration installations (supermarket systems) is briefly discussed.
[Oral Session 6] PHOTOCHAIN FREE-RADICAL OXIDATION OF CELLULOSE IN PULP AND PAPER MATERIALS
S.I.Kuzina,I.A.Shilova,A.I.Mikhailov 한국펄프·종이공학회 1999 한국펄프종이학회 기타 간행물 Vol.- No.-
Highly effective processes of photo-oxidation of lignocellulose materials affected by light with λ = 253.7nm are found. The quantum yields of oxygen absorption (ω_o2) and evolution of photodegradation gaseous products (ω_gas) exceed the unity considerably (ω_o2= 2.5-25). By comparison of ω_o2 with the quantum yield of initiation, (-10^-3), it is concluded that chain oxidation reactions with a kinetic chain length of 10⁴-10^5 units develop here. An effective evolution of gaseous products (ω_sas?3-50), among them CO₂, testifies that there takes place a deep photo-degradation of macromolecules with breaking of<br/> C-C bonds in the main polymer chain. The cellulose photo-oxidation under the natural sunlight occurs by the mechanism close to the hydroperoxide one: the length of the photo kinetic chain reaches about 40 units.
CLUSTER P-V CONTAINING SYSTEMS FOR THE DECREASING OF POLYMERIC MATERIAL COMBUSTION
Kodolov,V,I,Bystrov,S,G,Mikhailov,V,I,Lipanov,A,M 한국화재소방학회 1997 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.1997 No.-
Cluster systems are microcrystals of vanadiumoxided compounds such as Barium, Calcium or Sodium Metavanadates or Sodium Vanadium Bronze which are distributed into dimethyl- or diethylphosphites or microcrystals of vanadium oxides, for instance, vanadium oxide (+3), distributed into the methylphosphonic acid melted. During the interaction of vanadium compounds with the correspondent phosphororganic substances biue viscous liquids are formed. These liquids have paramagnetic properties. According to the UV and IR spectroscopic investigations as well as the results of EPR spectra the substances obtained consist of the nucleus containing 6 to 12 of vanadium atoms and the shell including ligands which are molecules of phosphites or methylphosphonic acid. Here every atom of vanadium interacts with four of phosphorus containing molecules. Sizes of the particles in these systems donot exceed 200 nm. Introduction of cluster systems (0,1 -0,3 % vanadium) into epoxy compositions before the introduction of curing agent - polyethylenepolyamine 6 -8 % leads to the acceleration of composition crosslinking and to the combustion decreasing: 1) Oxygen Index grows to 35: 2)mass losses during combustion decrease to 1-2%, 3) combustion time does not exceed 1 s; 4) the intumescence of material sample is being observed during the burner action as well as the foam coke formation.