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홍창용,조규혁,정용재 한국전통문화대학교 전통문화연구소 2020 한국전통문화연구 Vol.26 No.-
Jeomhwa(點化) is the one of the traditional storage method applied to wooden crafts such as bows and musical instruments in Ondol, the Korean traditional underfloor heating system during hot and humid summer or rainy seasons. This method was used to maintain the elasticity and bonding strength of animal glues. Its records can also be found from “Annals of the Joseon Dynasty”, “Diaries of the Royal Secretariat”, and “Daily Records of the Royal Court and Important Officials”. The aims of this study were to store the animal glue under the various storage conditions with temperature and relative humidity and to explore the most suitable Jeomhwa conditions. Under the high temperature and low relative humidity, the animal glue and wood got dried and the strength of the animal glue increased. Moreover, physical property of deteriorated animal glue rapidly recovered toward that of undamaged one under that condition. As a result, 30°C and 30%RH was the most effective Jeomhwa condition for maintaining the strength of animal glues among the selected conditions in this study. If additional scientific studies are continuously proceeded with Jeomhwa, the traditional storage method can be applied more practically to conserve and manage the wooden crafts and animal glue in a field of conservation science. 점화는 구들을 설치한 온돌방에 활과 악기를 보관하는 전통기술이다. 점화는 여름이나 장마철 등의 고온다습한 환경으로부터 아교 등으로 부착한 접착부의 내구성을 유지하기 위해 사용되어왔다. 점화에 관한 기록은 조선왕조실록, 승정원일기, 일성록 등에서도 찾아볼 수 있다. 본 연구는 점화의 적정 조건을 탐색하고, 점화의 기초자료를 확보하고자 하였다. 온습도를 달리한 다양한 점화 조건에 아교를 보관하고 물성변화를 관찰하였으며, 또한 아교를 고습열화한 후 각 점화 조건에서 보관하며 물성변화를 관찰하였다. 고온저습한 점화 조건일수록 아교와 목재의 건조 정도, 아교의 강도는 증가하였으며, 고습열화 후 점화 시 물성회복 또한 빠르게 진행되었다. 본 연구에서 선정한 점화 조건 중 30℃, 30% RH 조건이 강도유지와 회복에 가장 효과적이었다. 향후 점화의 특성에 대한 과학적인 연구와 방법론적인 연구를 진행한다면, 목공예품 아교 접착부의 강도와 탄성력을 유지할 수 있도록 보관하는 유용한 방안으로써 전통기술 점화의 활용도를 더욱 높일 수 있을 것이다.
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홍창용,김희수,박해준 (사)한국방사선산업학회 2021 방사선산업학회지 Vol.15 No.4
Some field cases showed that electron beams irradiated samples showed hightemperature increases compared to gamma rays irradiated samples. These cases of temperaturechanges were also estimated to be affected by various water qualities. The aims of this studywere to evaluate demonstratively about temperature changes of electron beams irradiated watersamples and to compare these changes by various water qualities. Sea water samples, freshwater samples and distilled water samples were evaluated in this study, and electron beams wereirradiated with 10 kGy, 25 kGy, 50 kGy, 100 kGy absorbed dose. As a result, high increases ofwater temperature were observed by absorbed dose increases, but were not significantly observedthese increases by various water qualities. Therefore, the stability of the electron beam irradiationfor the moisture-saturated sample, like flooded cultural heritage, should be evaluated with watertemperature increase. Furthermore, variables such as water qualities and irradiation speedsshould be carefully considered in subsequent studies.
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감마선 조사에 따른 수질별 수침지류의 흡수선량 감쇠 비교
홍창용,이면주,박해준 한국방사선산업학회 2021 방사선산업학회지 Vol.15 No.4
Gamma ray dose reduction occurs when gamma rays interact with irradiated sampleand lose energy. This dose reduction also can be affected by water content of sample, waterqualities, water properties. Flooded cultural heritages are saturated with moisture, and havehigher density than dry conditions. For this reason, it may cause increases in dose reductionand decreases effcts of gamma ray sterilization. The aims of this study was to understand thechracteristics of gamma ray irradiated water samples and water saturated samples. Irradiatiedwater samples and non-irradiated water samples of various qualities were analyzed in this study. Dry paper samples and flooded paper samples were also irradiated and their absorbed doseswere compared to each other. As a result, water samples had diffrences in properies, but therewere few changes after gamma irradiation. Flooded paper samples had higer dose reductions,but water qualities caused few diffrences of dose reduction. Therefore, dose reduction caused bywater saturation should be considered in gamma ray sterilization of flooded cultural heritage. Futhermore, traditional samples, such as Hanji and Silk, should be considered in additionalstudies.
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Convenient Preparation of S-Alkyl Thiol Ester
Hong, Chang-Yong,Yang, Sung-Bong 울산대학교 1987 연구논문집 Vol.18 No.1
카르복실산과 디설피드를 트리노르말부틸포스핀과 반응시켜서 알킬티올에스테르를 얻을 수 있는 방법을 연구했다. 카르복시간과 1차 또는 2차 디알킬디설피드를 디클로로메탄을 용매로 하여 실온에서 트리부틸포스핀과 반응을 시켜주었더니 몇시간 내로 상당히 좋은 수득률로 알킬티올에스테르가 얻어졌다. 그러나 3차 디알킬설피드의 경우에는 티올에스테르를 얻을 수 없었다. The use of tri-n-butyl phosphine in place of triphenylphosphine for conversion of caroxylic acid into S-alkyl thiol esters and the scope and the limitation of the reaction have been studied. Reaction of carboxylic acid with tri-n-butylphosphine and primary dialkyl disulfide and secondary dialkyl disulfide in methylene chloride at room temperature affords corresponding thiol esters in high yields. But the reaction does not occur with tertiary dialkyl disulfide.
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이온성 계면활성제의 미셀화에 대한 온도 및 전해질의 영향
金容仁,洪昌龍,吳亮煥 弘益大學校 科學技術硏究所 1994 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.5 No.-
The surface tension in aqueous solutions of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide has been measured by the ring method as a function of concentration at different temperatures from 25 to 60℃. We discuss thermodynamic properties of aqueous surfactant solutions in terms of temperature dependance of enthalpy and entropy of micelle formation of this surfactant. The effect of electrolyte on the cmc is also examined at several concentrations of added sodium sulfate at several temperatures. The cmc values were found to be increased with the increase of temperature, and decreased with the increase of electrolyte concentration. At this temperature range micelle formation is exothermic, and the standard free energy, enthalpy and entropy changes were decreased with increasing the temperature.
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