音韻論에서의 音節에 關한 一考

張三植 金烏工科大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

The syllable is an important phonological unit that must be formally defined within the generative phonology. Some scholars' definitions of the syllable have been considered. Evidence from several language indicates that the concept of the syllable is necessary to designate the domain of certain phonological rules. The syllable of English can be formally defined by the syllable structure assignment rules. These rules apply persistently throughout the phonological component of English. Juncture, aspiration, and /nu/simplification have confirmed the legitimacy of the syllable structure assignment rules. After all, by means of the syllable and syllable structure, we can explain some of the phonological processes of English more simply, more generally, and more economically.

보상적 장음화에 관한 연구

張三植 金烏工科大學校 1986 論文集 Vol.7 No.-

Compensatory lengthening(CL) involves an apprently simultaneous charge in two segments; the deletion of a consonant and the lengthening of an adjacent vowel or consonant. A couple of previous article on this issue are reviewed. De Chene and Andderson(1979) have maintained that CL is not independent mechanism of phonological change, and that it should accordingly be eliminated from the inventory of phonetic evolutionary mechanism. Ingria(1980) proposes a rathar dubious principle of Empty Node Convention and suggests that CL should be viewed as the result of the interaction of change \s on the segmental level with well-formedness condition s on the syllable level. The writer agrees with Clements(1982) in that CL is an elementary process in phonological theory and can be best explained in the framwork of autosegmental phonology in the sense of Goldmith(1976).

獨自分節音韻論에 關하여

張三植 金烏工科大學校 1985 論文集 Vol.6 No.-

In this present paper, Autosegmental Phonology, one of themost productive developments in the phonological in the last decade, is researched into, based on the works of current phonologists. The theory was first developed to explain successfully the tonal phenomena of the various African tone languages, which the Standard Rheory of SPE could not provide a satisfactory explaination. The theory can be extended to explain some phenomena other than the tonal phenomena, such as complex segments and harmony. When, extended to the fields of syntax and semantics, the theory also gives significant insights into the problems which other theories cannot overcome. It is a promising linguistic theory, though more elaborate study on the subject is needed.

附加疑問文에 對하여

張三植 金烏工科大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.5 No.-

Recently there have been a lot of discussions on tag sentences. We may distinguish two approaches to the deeper analysis of such tag sentences: in the first the surface compound sentence is derived from the underlying simplesentence: in the second it is derived from the underlying compound sentence with the same paratactic relation between the two constituent sentence as that we find in the surface structure. In the first approach, it is argued that 1) the tag should be an interrogative form, 2) the tag should have a negative word (not) if the main clause does not have a negative word, and vice versa, 3) the main sentence cannot be an interrogative sentence. But there are many dialects which allow those sentences the first approach does not permit. And what's worse, it cannot explain why some tags have the same auxiliaries and pronoun subjects as those of the embedded clauses, and why imperative tags may, have many kinds of auxiliary forms, with different meanings. The second approach contends that two sentences related are juxtaposed without any conjunction, and the verb phrase of the second clause, which is (nearly) identical to the main clause sometimes their underlying meanings are very similar, is deleted by menas of the Identical VP Deletion Rule, The meaning of the tag is to confirm the suggested idea of the main clause, functioning just like Truth Prentheticals in the sense of John Knowles (1980). In the present study the author tried to show that the second approach is much better one to explain the tag sentences and that it is true to the insights of the native speakers.

시민사회론의 정치경제학적 재구성을 위한 방법론의 모색

장삼식 한국사회경제학회 2004 사회경제평론 Vol.- No.22

이 연구는 마르크스주의 정치경제학의 이론적 혁신을 위하여 마르크스의 방법론과 현실에 기초하면서 『자본론』의 한계를 넘어 시민사회론을 정치경제학적으로 재구성하려는 방법론의 모색이다. 마르크스의 이론적 한계는 자본주의에 대한 총체적 분석과 다면적 주체에 대한 인식의 결여, 생산적 노동개념의 한계, 다양한 수준에서의 욕구와 사용가치분석의 결여 등으로 요약할 수 있는데, 경제-국가-시민사회의 3부문의 접합으로 정식화되는 시민 사회의 정치 경제학은 노동자와 시민으로서 다면성을 갖는 주체들의 다양한 욕구체계와 사용가치체계에 대한 분석, 건강한 시민의 재생산을 위한 생산적 노동의 분석, 생활양식의 재생산 메카니즘 분석 등을 포괄하여야 함을 제시하고 있다. For a theoretical innovation of the Marxian political economics, this paper examines a possibility of methodological reconstruction for a theory of civil society which is based on the Marxian Political Economics and exceeds the limitations of Marx's Capital. The main limitations of Marxian Political Economics could be summarized as deficiencies of analyses for totality, understandings of multi-dimensional subject, ideas of productive labor and recognition of needs and use value ere The political economics of civil society formulated by the articulation of three sectors such as "economy-state-civil society" should perform the analyses of need systems and use value systems of subject who has multi-dimensional characters as worker and at the same time citizen Also, it has to represent the analyses of productive labor for the sound reproduction of citizen and comprehend the reproduction mechanism for the mode of living

音韻規則의 適用에서 非音聲學的 要素의 役割

張三植 金烏工科大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

Whether or not a given phonological rule A will apply to a particular phonological structure is determined by a variety of factors. The most characteristic of these factors is the phonetic nature of the structure. A rule will apply to a give structure only if that structure contains a sound appearing in the environment required by the structural description of the rule. Most generative phonologists have been interested mainly in this phonetic factor. But when we make a careful investigation into the various phonological processes of a number of natural languages, we find that there are many cases in which, though some morphemes satisfy the structural description required by a rule, the rule does not apply. There also cases in which a given rule sometimes apply and sometimes does not apply in the same environment. This suggests that nonphonetic factors also play an important role in the phonological processes. In the present paper, we considered the second, nonphonetic factors. 1) We looked into a variety of morphemes, which are exceptions to a given rule, and irregular forms. We need ad hoc lexical information in the lexicon to explain the peculiar behavior of the morphemes. Most of the morphemes are thought to reflect their historical development. 2) We also took account of the relation between syntax and phonology, Some rules should refer to syntactic information such as syntactic categories, cyclic rule application, and the intermediate level of the syntactic derivation. 3) We also reaffirmed that rules apply differently i) according to the speech sate and style, even by the same man. ii) according to the speaker's social class, sex and age. All these last factors mean that some sound change is taking place in the speech community. To sum up, we need some nonphonetic information in the phonological rule application and must somehow include it in phonology. When we make a more thorough investigation into these factors, we will approach to the same degree of precision to which phonetic knowledge allows us to predict the phonological operation of sounds.

國語 子音群 簡素化 硏究

張三植 金烏工科大學校 1987 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

Possible consonants in a syllable coda position in Korean are limited to one single C of [-cont] as in p, t, k, m, n, NG, and 1. The rest of the consonants in this position must be changed into one of these segments in the surface representation. Cluster Simplification (CS) is to meet the constraint on the number of consonants in a coda CC. A couple of earlier works are reviewed and some of their defects are pointed out. It is shown that CS can be best explained in the framework of nonlinear syllable phonology. Kumi dialect shows some characteristics in CS behavior, such as word restructuring and rule generalization. But thanks to public education and mass media, the characteristics are disappearing.

痕迹과 TO 縮約의 記述

張三植 金烏工科大學校 1983 論文集 Vol.4 No.-

In this thesis I discussed the well-know to Contraction phenomenon (e.g want to → wanna). I reviewed Lakoff`s and Bresnan`s solutions. I examined the views of the proponents of trace theory and its weaknesses. And then I tried to present a possible solution. Lakoff explained that want and to cannot be contracted to wanna if there is an intervening NP between them in the previous derivation. But as he ignored the Identical Noun phrase Deletion, he couldn`t predict To Contraction correctly. The proponents of trace theory has argued i) that if there is a trace of Movement Rules between "contraction trigger verb" and to, To Contraction is blocked, ii) that trace theory is based on Universal Grammar, and iii) that trace theory is unequaled for its explanatory force . But when I analyzed their arguments, I found that they couldn`t even describe the well-know facts about To Contraction. Its revision after revision for more than ten years presented only an ad hoc solution The trace theory is not supported To contraction, but is greatly impaired by it. To contraction is accounted as follows in this thesis: a) The main verb of the main clause should be one of the fixed set of phonological verbs in (15) above; there should be or should no be certain further properties of these verbs related to their meansngs b)To should be the main complementizer of the initial direct object complement of the matrix clause whose main verb belongs to a) c)The final subject of the complement should be identical to final subject of the matrix. This account solved all the problems which could not be explained within the framework of trace theory. We only need neater formulation within the system if a new grammatical theory.

慶尙道 方言의 UMLAUT에 관한 硏究

장삼식 金烏工科大學校 1993 論文集 Vol.14 No.-

UMLAUT is a fairly productive phonological rule in Kyongsang dialects (and some other dialects). A number of previous studies concentrate on either historical account or phonological constraints. They could not fully provide explanatory adequacy and thus could not reveal the linguistic intuition of native speakers. In this thesis UMLAUT is thought of as a kind of assimilation process, which in turn is due to the spreading of phonological feature(s). Thus Kyongsang dialects spread underspecified [-back] feature to the vowel of the preceding syllable by means of association line(s) : hence, regressive and bounded. The preceding vowel retains its features (partial assimilation) or the association line pre-linked to the preceding vowel is delinked (total assimilation). This analysis correctly reveals that native speakers use the mechanism of anticipatory articulation of [-back] feature of the following vowel. This corresponds to the linguistic intuition of the speakers.

한국 고대경제사와 마시마적 생산양식

장삼식 慶北大學校 經商大學 經濟學科 1987 伏賢經濟 Vol.7 No.-