전후 한국의 대일배상 요구의 변용

장박진(Chang, Bak-jin) 고려대학교 아세아문제연구소 2012 亞細亞硏究 Vol.55 No.4

After independence, South Korean Government started to solve the liquidation problems which derived from the colonial relationships in the form of ‘reparation.’ But after all, Korean government came to negotiate the same problems with Japan as the ‘claims,’ because she lost the status of Allied powers in the Peace Treaty with Japan. As the results, no attention was paid on the changes of reparation demands because that has been regarded as the single concept contrasted with claims, while there came out a great difference between the reparation and claims in coping with the liquidation problems between South Korea and Japan. Of Course, some studies have analysed the reparation demands of South Korea against Japan. But, those studies have only fixed the focus on the process in which the “The Protocol on the Reparation against Japan” has been completed in 1949, rather than studied the change of the character of reparations coming out in the process. This paper elucidates that the Korean reparation demands has been converged into the claims which simply means the return, through the linkage with the change of the post-war reparation policy of US against Japan. Korean Government has presented the next tree kinds of demands as the reparation. one is the belligerency reparation, the next is the reparations for the damages which derived from the compulsory mobilization into the war, the final is the reparation against the colonial rule. In spite that those demands founded on the different grounds, it has been recognized that those demands were different from the claims, because those all take on the political character. But Korean Government has carried out the drastic amendment on the reparation against Japan, because she ought to harmonize the next two incompatible conditions at the same time. The first was to block the influences which came into being from the change of US reparation policy which transformed the aim of the restriction of Japanese productive ability into no-reparation principle, and another was to cope with the liquidation problems in the outline of US policy. This article verifies Korean reparation demands have converged into the claims about 1949, which came to be proposed after the beginning of the South Korea-Japan normalization talks which started in 1951.

한일회담 개시 전 한국정부의 재일한국인 문제에 대한 대응 분석

장박진(Chang Bak-Jin) 고려대학교 아세아문제연구소 2009 亞細亞硏究 Vol.52 No.1

This paper mainly discusses the recognition and responses of South Korea before the opening of South Korea-Japan Normalization Talks which strongly influenced the historical characters of Koreans in Japan in the Talks, especially in the early negotiations. There are several important studies which have analysed the policies of United States and Japan which played the important role in deciding the legal status of the Koreans in Japan. As compared with that, the recognition and policies of Korean sides have not enough been analysed in spite that South Korea would be also the another key actor in deciding their legal status in the Normalization Talks. This study firstly elucidates that the fundamental reason why the national interests of South Korea came to be related to the formation of their legal status existed in the fact that United States occupied Japan by herself. After that, it is discussed that the monopolistic rule against Japan by United States made the direct negotiations between South Korea and Japan for the settlement of the problems on the Koreans in Japan inevitable, and that it made the national identities of south Korea be the decisive factor in the settlement. The Republic of Korea had two national identities about the opening of the early negotiations in the Normalizations Talks. One was that the state had existed before the liberation from the rule of Japan, the other was that the Government of the Republic of Korea was the only lawful in the Korean Peninsula. This paper clarifies that the recognition and response of Korean side to the Koreans in Japan which played the great important role in deciding the contents of the early stages of Normalization Talks was resulted from the two national identities. And the analysis will be very useful in discussing the early negotiations on the Koreans in Japan in the Talks.

국교정상화 후 한일관계 형성(1966~1972년)의 논리와 과정

장박진(Chang, Bak-Jin) 고려대학교 아세아문제연구소 2014 亞細亞硏究 Vol.57 No.2

It is almost fifty years since the diplomatic normalization between Korea and Japan was accomplished. But the distrust and conflict between Korea and Japan still governs the relations between two countries. Until now, many studies have focused on the negotiations for diplomatic normalization(1951~1965) for clarifying the reason of the distrust and conflict, because the negotiations had coped with the pending problems stemming from the colonial relations. But at the same time, it is necessary to consider the relations after the diplomatic normalization for understanding the abnormal relations which have remained at present, because it is impossible to think that the conflict originating in Japanese rule against Korea could be resolved and normalized at a time by the diplomatic normalization. The period from 1966 to 1972 before the detente by the reconciliation between US and China has been understanded as the one of the development of cooperative relations between Korea and Japan. This understanding is, of course, not mistake from the macroscopic analysis. But at the same time, we need to take note that ‘the cooperative relations’ have the negative sides in the meaning of strengthening the distrust and conflict between two countries to the contrary. This paper, by the studying the diplomatic official documents which have not been much analysed, discusses the logics and processes of the formation of Korea?Japan relations(1966~1972) after the diplomatic normalization, and clarifies the negative influences to the relations between Korea and Japan since then. More specifically, this paper argues that this time’s relations were formed simultaneously as the ‘totalization’ and ‘privatization’, but both sides had the limits to promote the normalization, and fixed abnormal relations between two countries.

한일회담에서의 재일한국인 법적지위 교섭의 문제점 검토 -한국정부의 인식과 대응을 중심으로-

장박진 ( Bak Jin Chang ) 한국민족학회 2009 민족학연구 Vol.8 No.-

한일회담에서의 재일한국인의 법적지위 문제는 단순히 외국에 거주하는 재외국민 보호를 위한 교섭 문제가 아니었다. 그것은 바로 식민지 지배의 결정(結晶)으로서 생긴 일본 거주의 한국인들의 성격을 결정하는 문제였던 만큼 그에 대한 대응은 거꾸로 식민지 지배청산에 관한 한일회담의 역사적 성격을 보여주는 하나의 중요한 시금석이었다. 식민지 지배가 불법이고 부당한 힘에 의한 한민족의 의사에 반한 것이었다는 입장에 서는 이상 과거 청산의 무대이던 구 지배국 일본에 거주하게 된 한국인들에 대한 대응은 추상적으로 표현해서 식민지 지배로 인해 ‘상실된 민족성’의 회복으로 되어야 마땅했다. 물론 그 ‘민족성의 회복’에는 국적, 한민족으로서 사는 권리, 거주지의 선택, 그리고 재일한국인들에 대한 피해 보상 문제 등이 포함되었다. 이 글은 이상의 문제의식을 바탕으로 재일한국인을 한민족으로서 포섭하는 데 1965년에 타결된 한일회담 재일한국인의 법적지위 교섭이 제기하는 문제점을 주로 한국정부의 인식과 대응에 초점을 맞춤으로써 밝힌다. 과연 한일회담에서 한국정부는 재일한국인 문제에 대해 어떻게 인식하고, 대응했는가, 또한 왜 그렇게 인식하고 대응했는가 등이 주된검토 대상이 된다. 본고는 이상과 같은 분석을 통해서 재일한국인의 법적지위 문제에 대해 역대 한국 정부가 보인 인식과 대응은 늘 대한민국의 국가정체성과 국익을 중심으로 움직이고 있었음을 밝힌다. 그것을 통해 식민지 지배로 인해 상실된 민족성을 회복하여 재일한국인을 계속 한민족으로서 포섭하는 데 그 교섭이 안게 된 문제점의 역사논리와 과정을 천명한다. This papers clarifies the problems that appeared in the recognition and policies of the Government of South Korea in the negotiations on the legal status of Koreans in the South Korea-Japan Normalization Talks which finally reached the settlement in 1965, mainly analysing the Korean side`s official documents on the Talks. The negotiations on the legal status of Koreans in Japan in the South Korea-Japan Normalization Talks was not simply for the problem of protecting the nationals in a foreign country, but for the recovery of the ethnical identity which had been lost in the Japanese colonial rule against Korea, because Koreans have recognized Japanese colonial rule as the illegal and injustice. This paper, by examining what was the purpose of the South Korean Government in the negotiations on the legal status of Koreans in Japan, elucidates the problems of South Korean`s side for attempting the recovery of the ethnicity of Koreans in Japan as the Koreans. It is discussed that the purposes of the successive administrations in South Korea in the negotiations on the legal status of Koreans in Japan were basically twofold; first was to take advantage of the negotiations for maintaining the principle that South Korea is the only lawful in the Korean peninsula and second to escape from the economic burdens for supporting Koreans in Japan. Finally, it is concluded that the two purposes of the South Korean Government were nor appropriate for the recovery of the lost ethnicity of Koreans in Japan, and aroused effects to the contrary.

미국의 전후처리와 한반도 독립 문제

장박진(Chang, Bak-jin) 고려대학교 아세아문제연구소 2013 亞細亞硏究 Vol.56 No.3

After Independence, there has been the conflict between South Korea and Japan on whether Japanese rule against Korea was legal or not, and beneficial or not for the Korean people. And the conflict was institutionalized by the Article2(a) in the Peace Treaty with Japan, and the Article2 in the Treaty on Basic Relations between South Korea and Japan, which all made the legal character of Japanese rule vague. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the origin of the conflict by analysing the processes in liquidating the problems after the Second World War, especially the recognition of US on the independence of Korea. That US recognition on independence of Korea is important is because the character of the independence of Korea in fact realized by US makes the authoritative interpretation on the Japanese rule against Korea. If US had declared the annexation of Korea by Japan had been illegal, the postwar conflict on the character of the colonial rule between two countries would have disappeared, because defeated Japan had no rights against the US interpretation, at least in the declarations and the peace treaty which were related with the termination of the war . This study analyses the US recognition on the independence of Korea from the post war programming during the war, which made the logical basis of the Korea independence, to the Peace Treaty with Japan which practically terminated the independence problems, and clarifies US has been consistent in that the problem of Korean independence for US was strategical in geopolitics and to manage the safety in Korean peninsula and Far East. In other words, this paper demonstrates US had no any interests in deciding the character of Japanese rule against Korea in the actual position that Japan had ruled the Korean peninsula legitimately, and that caused the post war conflict on the character of the colonial rule between Korea and Japan.

한일회담에서의 피해보상 교섭의 변화과정 분석

장박진(Chang Bak-jin) 한국학중앙연구원 2008 한국학 Vol.31 No.1

한일회담 청구권 교섭에서의 세부 항목 변천의 실증분석

장박진(Chang Bak?jin) 한국학중앙연구원 2011 한국학 Vol.34 No.1