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임국환(KookHwan Rhim),최만규(ManKyu Choi) 고려대학교 보건과학연구소 2005 보건과학논집 Vol.31 No.2
A rapid and persistent decline of the birth rate in Korea began to occur in the early 1960s when the government enforced a five-year plan for economic development and a birth control policy for the declining rate. Recently, as a result, the total birth rate has declined to 1.19 which is the lowest level in the world according to the National Statistical Office. Fertility decline foreshadows serious social problems and a decrease in the national economic development such as the decline of economic activity population, the increase of the duty of supporting an aging population.<BR> The aim of this study is first to examine the present situation and problems related to low fertility, and then to inquire into and discover the factors affecting the birth rate by comparing data from the 1970s to the recent trend of Korea"s precipitous drop in the birth rate.<BR> As for the cause of the fertility decline, this study examined the marriage and delivery age of women, the divorce rate, and the birth sex ratio as a demographic factors, and GNI(gross national income), the proportion of women"s economic activity, the expense of bringing up children as a socio-economic factors. This study also analyzed the correlation between the birth rate and the relevant factors as the previous stage of the multiple regression analysis to discover the affects on the birth rate. As a result, the correlation among relevant factors, independent variables, was very high. So the stepwise multiple regression analysis(applied a reduced regression model) was performed to find out factors affecting the contin??uously decreasing the birth rate. As a result, the marriage age of women proved a negative factor affecting, statistically and significantly, the contin??uously decreasing total fertility in Korea. After all, a government supported policy and social circumstance are required to decrease women"s marriage age.
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정신적 장애인의 건강수준과 노동시장 차별경험이 경제활동에 미치는 요인분석
박효은 ( Hyoeun Park ),임국환 ( Kookhwan Rhim ),최만규 ( Mankyu Choi ) 대한보건협회 2015 대한보건연구 Vol.41 No.2
Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze some factors determining economic activities of mentally ill people : First, the factors associated with sociology of population, health resources, and discrimination on labor``s market. Further, the research was to suggest practical and policy implications for boosting economic activities by people with mental disorders. Methods: The data were based on the 4th Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled(2011) by Korea Employment Agency for the Disabled, including 346 mentally incapacitated people of a total of 5,092 subjects in the study. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the factors influencing employment status and those determined by type of disability. Results: The result of the study is as follows. Of 346 subjects of analysis, 64(18.2%) were economically active population, and 284(81.8%), not. In an integrated model, one of the most influencing factors for economic activities was experienced discrimination in job-seeking and employment. Additionally, it showed some favoring factors in economic activities for : those residing in medium-sized cities, those with larger households, those married, those in ``subjectively`` good health, and those independent of daily lives`` assistance. Conclusion: According to our analysis, through these results, some suggestions should be made as follows : Against the backdrop, business owners and colleagues should achieve a better understanding of people with psychological disorders and should take practical action against ``adverse selection`` for them. The government should implement policies to promote active employment of the mentally incapacitated and to support business owners with practical assistance.
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주 40시간 근무제도 도입에 따른 의료기관 종사자들의 직종별 인식도 비교
최만규(ManKyu Choi),이준협(JunHyup Lee),이준협(TaeRo Lee),이현실(HyunSill Rhee),임국환(KookHwan Rhim) 고려대학교 보건과학연구소 2004 보건과학논집 Vol.30 No.2
Many foreign countries have made attempts to enhance working conditions for employees by reducing working hours, but it is true that Korea has focused more on economic growth rather than on the welfare of employees. However in the last few years, with increasing concern about quality of one"s life, the issue of working time reduction has become a controversial one. In July 2004 a law on working time reduction was made, and has been enforced in most work places, dependant upon the number of employees from which medical institutions should not be exempted.<BR> This study was conducted to investigate the differences of opinion by job classification amongst employees of medical institutions. For the purpose of this study, a self-administerd questionnaire was conducted with 140 employees of 10 medical institutions located in Seoul andGyeonggi-Do province from August 1 to 7, 2004. The sample subjects of this study consisted of 128(91.4%) employees who faithfully responded to the questionnaire and the major statistical methods included frequency, and chi-square test.<BR> The major results of this study are as follows:<BR> Firstly, about 90% of the respondents had knowledge of related contents of the 40 hours a week working time reduction. And the ratio of the respondents supporting introduction of working time reduction was 68.8%, and by job classification, more than half of medical doctors showed a contrary opinion, and about half of other groups such as nurses, medical technicians, administrative staffs were for it.<BR> Secondly, the results of analyzing various factors that influence the quality of medical services and business performance is as follows: Medical doctors thought that the working time reduction would have a bad effect on the quality of medical services and business performance as a result of decreased patients. But other groups such as nurses, medical technicians, administrative staff presumed that the quality of medical services and business performance would not be changed but rather improved if strategies for operation were appropriately considered and performed.<BR> Finally, the medical institutions preparing working time reduction need to make extra efforts to implement the system successfully such as making manpower operation more efficient, strengthening care capacity and function of emergency care centers, providing incentives for workers on Saturdays, improving the process of the working system and environment, fortifying weekday care, developing a weekend care program, and so on.
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