강원도 지역에서 우분의 시용이 사료작물의 건물수량 사료가치 및 가축사육능력에 미치는 영향

노진환,이희충,김윤중,박상수,이주삼 한국유기농업학회 2013 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.21 No.2

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of cattle manure application on productivity, feed value, and stock carrying capacity of forage crops in upland and paddy fields at Gang-Wondo area. In the result, dry matter yield of sorghum x sudangrass hybrids obtained was 15.12 ton/ha at the level of 150kg N/ha of composted cattle manure. Significantly highest values of crude protein and total digestible nutrients (TDN) yields obtained were 0.59 and 5.35 ton/ha at the level of 150kg N/ha of composted cattle manure in the first cutting, and 0.44 and 3.70 ton/ha at the level of 150kg N/ha of organic raw cattle manure in the second cutting, respectively. The values of KCP+KTDN/2 and KME of sorghum × sudangrass hybrids obtained was 7.76 and 4.46 head/ha at the level of 150kg N/ha of composted cattle manure. The dry matter yield, crude protein and TDN yields of rice straw were 4.95, 0.16 and 2.75 ton/ha at the level of 100kg N/ha of organic raw cattle manure, and the values of KCP+KTDN/2 and KME of rice straw were 1.89 and 3.43 head/ha. The dry matter yield of winter crops, rye+red clover was 4.36 ton/ha in upland field, and rye+hairy vetch was 4.19 ton/ha in paddy field at the level of 100kg N/ha of composted cattle manure. Crude protein and TDN yields of rye+red clover was 0.29 and 2.38 ton/ha at the level of 100kg N/ha of composted cattle manure in upland field, and rye+hairy vetch was 0.30 and 2.48 ton/ha at the level of 80kg N/ha of composted cattle manure in paddy field. The values of KCP+Kㄴ/2 and KME of rye+red clover was 2.34 and 2.15 head/ha in upland field, and rye+hairy vetch were 2.27 and 2.11 head/ha in paddy field, respectively. As the result, the productivity, feed value, and stock carrying capacity of sorghum ×sudangrass hybrids showed higher values with composted cattle manure than organic raw cattle manure. rye+red clover in upland field and rye+hairy vetch in paddy field were most adaptable mixed combinations for roughage production at Gang-wondo area, it may due to their highly productivity, feed value, and stock carrying capacity.

한국 중부지역에서 우분의 연용이 유기 벼의 생산성 및 유기 볏짚의 사료가치, 가축사육능력에 미치는 영향

박상수,노진환,이희충,김윤중,이주삼 한국유기농업학회 2013 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.21 No.2

This experiments was conducted to investigate the influence on organic rice cultivation by continuous use of cow manure in the central region of Korea and investigated productivity of organic rice and feed value, stock carrying capacity of organic rice straw. In the results, application of chemical fertilizer showed higher one of 1st and 2nd year in fresh matter yield (15.77, 30.30ton/ha), dry matter yield (9.90, 13.89 ton/ha), dry matter yield of rice straw (4.88, 7.15ton/ha), dry matter weight of kernel per plant (29.81, 39.99g) and number of kernel per plant (1212.58, 1701units), but there were not significantly differences with each experimental plots in 3rd year. And harvest index showed higher one in application of chemical fertilizer (0.52, 0.48, 0.43) until 3 years. But their quantitative difference between application of chemical fertilizer and cow manure was gradually decreased each year. And the average value of KCP and KTDN showed higher one in application of chemical fertilizer (2.01, 2.94, 1.95 head/ha/yr) until 3 years. However, quantitative difference between chemical fertilizer and cow manure was gradually decreased each year. Especially, application of cow manure showed higher value of 3rd year in KME, but there was not significantly difference with each experimental plots. According to the results, continuous use of cow manure will be reduced their quantitative differences between chemical fertilizer as the year progress in the central region of Korea in terms of productivity of organic rice and feed value, stock carrying capacity of organic rice straw.

지렁이 개체군의 최적 사육밀도 추정

이주삼,노진환,박상수,이희충 한국유기농업학회 2012 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.20 No.3

This experiment was carried out to investigate the optimal stocking rate of earthworm populations grown under different stocking rates. The stocking rate in terms of ratio of biomass of earthworms to biomass of feeds(organic resources) is an important factors for biomass productivity of earthworms and vermicast production. The different stocking rates were 1:16(S-1), 1:32(S-2), 1:48(S-3) and 1:64(S-4), as the ratios of biomass of earthworm to biomass of organic dairy cow manure, respectively. The stocking rate of 1:32(S-2) and 1:46(S-3) were obtained a higher values on increasing rates and conversion efficiency of organic matter to earthworm biomass than other stocking rates. Thus, a stocking rates of 1:32 and 1:46 estimated an optimal stocking rates for maximum biomass productivity of earthworms. A stocking rate of 1:16(S-1) showed a significantly highest values of vermicast production and ratios of vermicasts during the rearing periods.(P≦0.05) A stocking rate of 1:48(S-3) showed a highest values of the number of cocoons and vermicasts production per earthworm biomass among the treatment (P≦0.05) The contents of nitrogen, available phosphorus, cation exchange capacity and exchangeable cations of vermicasts tended to increase with stocking rate and rearing progressed. Vermicasts have a great deal of potential for crop production and protection in sustainable organic cropping systems.

강원도 지역에서 우분의 시용이 사료작물의 건물수량 사료가치 및 가축사육능력에 미치는 영향

노진환,이희충,김윤중,박상수,이주삼,Noh, Jin-Hwan,Lee, Hee-Choong,Kim, Yoon-Joong,Park, Sang-Soo,Lee, Ju-Sam 한국유기농업학회 2013 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.21 No.2

본 실험은 강원지방에서 유기 생우분과 유기 발효우분을 시용하여 밭토양에서 하계작물로 sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass 교잡종과 동계작물로는 rye 단파구, rye+red clover 혼파구, 논토양에서 벼 '추청' 재배 후, rye 단파구, rye+hairy vetch 혼파구를 도입하였을 때, 각 초종과 작부조합의 건물생산성, 사료가치, 혼파효과 및 가축사육능력을 평가하여 강원지역에서 조사료 생산에 적합한 작부조합을 선정하고자 하였고, 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 하계작물로 밭토양에서 sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass 교잡종의 건물수량은 CCM150에서 15.12 ton/ha으로 많았으나, CM150과는 유의한 차이는 없었다. 조단백질 수량은 1차 예취에서 CCM150이 0.59ton/ha로 유의하게 많았고(p<0.05), 2차 예취에서는 CM150이 0.44ton/ha로 유의하게 많았다(p<0.05). $K_{CP}+K_{TDN}/2$ 값은 CCM 150이 7.76head/ha로 많았다. 논토양의 유기 생우분 시용구에서 볏짚의 건물수량은 4.95 ton/ha으로 화학비료 시용구의 4.84ton/ha보다 많았지만 유의한 차이는 없었다. 조단백질 함량은 화학비료 시용구의 볏짚이 4.09%로 유의하게 높았고(p<0.05), TDN 함량은 유기 생우분 시용구의 볏짚이 55.63%로 화학시용구의 볏짚 53.94%보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 유기 생우분 시용구에서 볏짚의 $K_{CP}+K_{TDN}/2$ 값은 연간 1.89head/ha였다. 동계작물로 밭토양의 rye+red clover 혼파구의 건물수량은 CCM100에서 4.36ton/ha로 많았으나, 다른 처리구와 유의한 차이가 없었다. Rye+red clover 혼파구의 조단백질 함량은 CCM100에서 7.33%로 높았으나 CM100에서 rye+red clover 혼파구의 7.19%와는 유의한 차이는 없었다. Rye+red clover 혼파구의 $K_{CP}$와 $K_{TDN}$ 값은 각각 2.32head/ha와 2.36head/ha로 다른 처리구보다 유의하게 많았다(p<0.05). 논토양에서는 rye+red clover 혼파구의 건물수량은 4.19ton/ha로 많았으나, rye 단파구와는 유의한 차이는 없었다. Rye+red clover 혼파구의 조단백질 함량과 TDN 함량은 각각 7.21%와 59.33%로 다른 처리구보다 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 이상의 결과로 볼 때, 강원지방에서 유기우분을 시용하여 조사료를 생산할 경우 밭토양에서는 sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass 교잡종을 재배한 후 rye+red clover의 혼파가, 논토양에서는 벼 재배 후 rye+hairy vetch를 혼파하는 작부조합이 생산성, 사료가치 및 가축사육능력을 높이는데 우수하였다고 판단된다. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of cattle manure application on productivity, feed value, and stock carrying capacity of forage crops in upland and paddy fields at Gang-Wondo area. In the result, dry matter yield of sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass hybrids obtained was 15.12 ton/ha at the level of 150kg N/ha of composted cattle manure. Significantly highest values of crude protein and total digestible nutrients (TDN) yields obtained were 0.59 and 5.35 ton/ha at the level of 150kg N/ha of composted cattle manure in the first cutting, and 0.44 and 3.70 ton/ha at the level of 150kg N/ha of organic raw cattle manure in the second cutting, respectively. The values of $K_{CP}+K_{TDN}/2$ and $K_{ME}$ of sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass hybrids obtained was 7.76 and 4.46 head/ha at the level of 150kg N/ha of composted cattle manure. The dry matter yield, crude protein and TDN yields of rice straw were 4.95, 0.16 and 2.75 ton/ha at the level of 100kg N/ha of organic raw cattle manure, and the values of $K_{CP}+K_{TDN}/2$ and $K_{ME}$ of rice straw were 1.89 and 3.43 head/ha. The dry matter yield of winter crops, rye+red clover was 4.36 ton/ha in upland field, and rye+hairy vetch was 4.19 ton/ha in paddy field at the level of 100kg N/ha of composted cattle manure. Crude protein and TDN yields of rye+red clover was 0.29 and 2.38 ton/ha at the level of 100kg N/ha of composted cattle manure in upland field, and rye+hairy vetch was 0.30 and 2.48 ton/ha at the level of 80kg N/ha of composted cattle manure in paddy field. The values of $K_{CP}+K_{TDN}/2$ and $K_{ME}$ of rye+red clover was 2.34 and 2.15 head/ha in upland field, and rye+hairy vetch were 2.27 and 2.11 head/ha in paddy field, respectively. As the result, the productivity, feed value, and stock carrying capacity of sorghum ${\times}$ sudangrass hybrids showed higher values with composted cattle manure than organic raw cattle manure. rye+red clover in upland field and rye+hairy vetch in paddy field were most adaptable mixed combinations for roughage production at Gang-wondo area, it may due to their highly productivity, feed value, and stock carrying capacity.

한국 중부지역에서 우분의 연용이 유기 벼의 생산성 및 유기 볏짚의 사료가치, 가축사육능력에 미치는 영향

박상수,노진환,이희충,김윤중,이주삼,Park, Sang-Soo,Noh, Jin-Hwan,Lee, Hee-Choong,Kim, Yoon-Joong,Lee, Ju-Sam 한국유기농업학회 2013 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.21 No.2

본 실험은 중부지방에서 벼 재배 시 유기 우분의 연용과 화학비료 시용이 유기 벼의 생산성, 볏짚의 사료가치 및 가축사육능력에 미치는 영향을 조사하였고, 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 유기 벼의 생초수량, 건물수량, 식물 1개체 당 낱알의 건물 중 및 개수는 1, 2년차에는 화학비료 시용구가 유의하게 높았으나(p<0.05), 3년차에는 각 시험구 간 유의차는 없었다. 또한 수확지수는 3년 모두 화학비료 시용구가 유의하게 높았으며(p<0.05), 해가 거듭할수록 각 시험구 간의 차이가 약간 줄어드는 경향을 보였다. 또한 단위면적당 가축사육능력은 $K_{CP}$와 $K_{TDN}$의 평균값으로 비교해 보았을 때, 화학비료 시용구가 높은 값을 보였고, 각 시험구 간의 차이는 점점 줄어드는 경향을 보였다. 특히 $K_{ME}$의 경우 3년차에 우분 시용구가 유의한 차이는 없었지만 높은 값을 보이기도 하였다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 중부 지방에서 유기 벼 재배 시 우분을 연용 했을 경우, 처음 1, 2년은 화학비료를 시용했을 때 보다는 수량이 낮았지만 3년차부터는 화학비료를 시용했을 때와의 격차가 줄어들기 시작하였으며, 추후 우분을 연용한다면 그 격차는 더욱 줄어들 것으로 판단된다. This experiments was conducted to investigate the influence on organic rice cultivation by continuous use of cow manure in the central region of Korea and investigated productivity of organic rice and feed value, stock carrying capacity of organic rice straw. In the results, application of chemical fertilizer showed higher one of 1st and 2nd year in fresh matter yield (15.77, 30.30ton/ha), dry matter yield (9.90, 13.89 ton/ha), dry matter yield of rice straw (4.88, 7.15ton/ha), dry matter weight of kernel per plant (29.81, 39.99g) and number of kernel per plant (1212.58, 1701units), but there were not significantly differences with each experimental plots in 3rd year. And harvest index showed higher one in application of chemical fertilizer (0.52, 0.48, 0.43) until 3 years. But their quantitative difference between application of chemical fertilizer and cow manure was gradually decreased each year. And the average value of $K_{CP}$ and $K_{TDN}$ showed higher one in application of chemical fertilizer (2.01, 2.94, 1.95 head/ha/yr) until 3 years. However, quantitative difference between chemical fertilizer and cow manure was gradually decreased each year. Especially, application of cow manure showed higher value of 3rd year in $K_{ME}$, but there was not significantly difference with each experimental plots. According to the results, continuous use of cow manure will be reduced their quantitative differences between chemical fertilizer as the year progress in the central region of Korea in terms of productivity of organic rice and feed value, stock carrying capacity of organic rice straw.

지렁이 개체군의 최적 사육밀도 추정

이주삼,노진환,박상수,이희충,Lee, Ju-Sam,Noh, Jin-Hwan,Park, Sang-Soo,Lee, Hee-Choong 한국유기농업학회 2012 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.20 No.3

사육밀도를 달리 했을 때 지렁이 개체군의 생체량 증가를 위한 최적 사육밀도를 추정하려고 하였다. 실험결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 사육밀도 S-2과 S-3에서 상대증체량, 생체중 증가율과 유기물 전환효율이 높은 값을 나타내어, 지렁이 개체군의 최대 생체량을 얻기 위한 최적 사육밀도로 추정되었다. 이를 지렁이 생체중과 먹이량의 비율로 나타내면 1:32-1:48의 범위였다. 2. 사육밀도 S-1(1:16)에서 모든 조사시기의 분립생산량이 유의하게 많았고 분립비율도 유의하게 높았다($$P{\leq_-}0.05$$). 3. 사육밀도 S-3(1:48)에서 지렁이 생체중당 난포수와 분립생산량이 가장 많았다($$P{\leq_-}0.05$$). 4. 사육밀도가 높아지고 사육기간이 길어짐에 따라 분립의 전 질소함량, 유효인산함량, 양이온치환능력(CEC) 및 양이온 함량이 증가되는 경향이었다. 5. 유기농업에서 지렁이 분립은 상토 재와 토양개량제 및 작물보호를 위한 농자재로서 잠재적 유용성은 매우 높다고 판단된다. This experiment was carried out to investigate the optimal stocking rate of earthworm populations grown under different stocking rates. The stocking rate in terms of ratio of biomass of earthworms to biomass of feeds(organic resources) is an important factors for biomass productivity of earthworms and vermicast production. The different stocking rates were 1:16(S-1), 1:32(S-2), 1:48(S-3) and 1:64(S-4), as the ratios of biomass of earthworm to biomass of organic dairy cow manure, respectively. The stocking rate of 1:32(S-2) and 1:46(S-3) were obtained a higher values on increasing rates and conversion efficiency of organic matter to earthworm biomass than other stocking rates. Thus, a stocking rates of 1:32 and 1:46 estimated an optimal stocking rates for maximum biomass productivity of earthworms. A stocking rate of 1:16(S-1) showed a significantly highest values of vermicast production and ratios of vermicasts during the rearing periods.($$P{\leq_-}0.05$$) A stocking rate of 1:48(S-3) showed a highest values of the number of cocoons and vermicasts production per earthworm biomass among the treatment ($$P{\leq_-}0.05$$) The contents of nitrogen, available phosphorus, cation exchange capacity and exchangeable cations of vermicasts tended to increase with stocking rate and rearing progressed. Vermicasts have a great deal of potential for crop production and protection in sustainable organic cropping systems.