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General principles of carotid Doppler ultrasonography
이활 대한초음파의학회 2014 ULTRASONOGRAPHY Vol.33 No.1
Carotid Doppler ultrasonography is a popular tool for evaluating atherosclerosis of the carotid artery. Its two-dimensional gray scale can be used for measuring the intima-media thickness, which is very good biomarker for atherosclerosis and can aid in plaque characterization. The plaque morphology is related to the risk of stroke. The ulceration of plaque is also known as one of the strong predictors of future embolic event risk. Color Doppler ultrasonography and pulse Doppler ultrasonography have been used for detecting carotid artery stenosis. Doppler ultrasonography has unique physical properties. The operator should be familiar with the physics and other parameters of Doppler ultrasonography to perform optimal Doppler ultrasonography studies.
신장암 Caki 세포주에서 Arisostatins A에 의한 Heat Shock Protein 70의 발현과 조절기전에 대한 연구
이활,권택규,박종욱,이경섭 대한비뇨의학회 2005 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.46 No.2
Purpose: The events of cell stress and cell death are linked, with the heat shock proteins(Hsps) induced in response to stress appearing to function at key regulatory points in the control of apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of arisostatins A on the Hsp70 expression and signal mechanism of its transcription. Materials and Methods: We used natural arisostatins A produced by Actinomycete, in Caki cells. We measured the growth rate of cell using trypan blue staining, and the induction of the transcriptional levels of Hsp70 with arisostatins, which was quantified by reverse transcript- polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and transiently transfecting cells with a Hsp70. The induction of the transcriptional levels of Hsp70 with arisostatins A was quantified by RT-PCR and transiently transfecting cells with a Hsp70 promoter-luciferase reporter plasmid. Results: Arisostatins A-induced Hsp70 up-regulation was not prevented by the overexpression of peroxiredoxinI(PrxI), PrxII or treatment of superoxide dismutase and catalase. However, the arisostatins A-mediated expression of Hsp70 was reduced significantly in Caki cells treated by the antioxidant, N-acetylcystein. Inhibition of the Janus tyrosine kinase (JAK) activity with AG490 did not inhibit the arisostatins A-induced Hsp70 up-regulation, suggesting that JAK is not associated with the arisostatins A-mediated Hsp70 expression. The mechanism of Hsp70 induction depends on the activation of heat shock factor-1. However, arisostatins A did not effect the change in the expression levels of heat shock factor-1. Conclusions: These findings suggested that Hsp directly regulates specific stress-responsive signaling pathways, which may antagonize the signaling cascades that result in apoptosis.
이활 대한의사협회 2011 대한의사협회지 Vol.54 No.12
The radiation exposure from diagnostic medical imaging has increased. The potential risk from radiation exposure of the patient also has increased even though the risk from a small amount of radiation exposure has not been clearly demonstrated. Any medical radiation exposure must be justified and the examinations which use ionizing radiation must be optimized. The education of the referring physician and radiologist are important. However, stronger regulation is essential to control medical radiation exposure. Many national and international organizations have made a significant effort to regulate and monitor medical radiation exposure using guidelines, accreditation, or even laws. Medical radiation exposure must be controlled, and this could be achieved by continuous interest from health professionals and organizations.
이활,Ho Sung Kim,Seok Jung Kim,Hyung Ho Kim,Jin Wook Chung,강흥식,Sung Hwan Hong,Ja-Young Choi 대한영상의학회 2004 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.5 No.1
agnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the imaging modality of choice for patients with internal derangements of the knee (1-3). On the other hand, computed tomography (CT) plays only a limited role in such cases(4, 5). However, further developments in CT technology may make it one of the preferred modalities for knee imaging. The recently developed multislice CT technique provides multi-slice data acquisition with sub-millimeter slice thickness and sub-second rotation time. The axial resolution of CT images is equivalent to that of the in-plane resolution (6, 7). With such advantages, CT arthrography of the knee can provide sagittal and coronal images, just like MRI, through the process of multiplanar reformation(MPR) at high resolution (7). With high Z-axis resolution and multiplanar reformation, the diagnostic accuracy of CT arthrography for internal derangements of the knee is reported to equal that of MRI (7, 8). However, few reports have been published concerning CT arthrography using multidetector CT (7, 8). In addition, virtual arthroscopy of the knee joint can be obtained through the volume rendering of isovoxel image data sets (9). Virtual arthroscopy can be applied to preoperative planning or can be used to simulate arthroscopy for teaching purposes. However, the diagnostic accuracy or visualizing ability of virtual arthroscopy has not been validated. In this study, we compared CT arthrography and conventional arthroscopy, in order to examine the diagnostic accuracy of multiplanar reformatted CT arthrography and virtual arthroscopy for the diagnosis of the pathology of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and the menisci.