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백서 횡복직근 근육피부피판에 대한 보툴리눔 톡신 A의 지연처치효과
이주철,박은수,김용배 대한미용성형외과학회 2013 Archives of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Vol.19 No.1
Currently, delay procedures remain a reliable method of maximizing flap survival but the necessity of additional procedures is a persistent disadvantage. Botulinum toxin A (BTXA) is considered to exert the most powerful neuromuscular blockade. In this study, BTXA is used to demonstrate the usefulness of a chemical delay technique. Thirty rats were subdivided into three groups of 10. In the group 1(control), no procedure was performed before the transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (TRAM) flap elevation. In the group 2 (surgical delay), TRAM flaps were delayed surgically one week before formal elevation. And, in the group 3 (BTXA delay) rats, 4U BTXA was injected into the under surface of TRAM flaps two weeks before surgical elevation. The TRAM flaps were designed in rectangular shape, on the rat abdomen. On the seventh day after operation, the results were evaluated and compared in terms of flap survival area, vessel counts and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. The mean percentages of the flap survival area in group 2 (71.76 ±.86%) and group 3 (73.92±.70%) were significantly higher than those in group 1 (34.60±.14%)(p<0.05). The vessel counts of group 2 (13.90±.18) and group 3 (15.40±.88%) were significantly higher than those of group 1 (5.10±.20) (p<0.05). The VEGF expression is increased in two experimental groups than in the control group. In conclusion, the injection of BTXA could increase flap survival area in rat TRAM flap model, as likely as surgical delay. These results are thought to be made due to the effect of chemodenervation and secondary inflammation.
대북정책에 대한 여론 변화 추이 - 1995년 이후를 중심으로 -
이주철 국제고려학회 서울지회 2007 국제고려학회 서울지회 논문집 Vol.10 No.-
In the process of the chance of the relationship between two Koreas, South Korean government needs the public supports, leading to the frequent surveys on the public idea about the reunification. These surveys are carried out by several political parties, the press, social organizations in order to facilitate their own policy making as well as to obtain the public approval. Since the surveys on the public idea about the reunification has been carried out constantly after the inter-Korean summit meeting, it has now become possible to understand the flow of public opinion not from a temporary point of view, but a long-term point of view. This study examines the previous public surveys according to their themes, aiming to understand the shift of public opinion after 1995, the year of the food assistance toward the North. Seen from the flow of the public opinion, South Korean people will be likely to continue the support the engagement policy with the North. However, the South Korean are discontent with the concrete ways of applying the policy, wanting the government to respond in a more flexible way according to the attitude of the North. Therefore, in order for the South government to obtain a dynamic support from its people, more ‘practical results’ are to be induced. The South Korean government should recognize the point that a majority of its people support the ‘flexible engagement policy’ in promoting the policy toward the North in the future. Consequently, it is more desirable for the South Korean government to promote the policy toward the North in the way to obtain the concrete ‘certain result’ of its engagement policy. This will lessen the internal conflicts in South Korean society, and enable a more sustainable inter-Korean economic cooperation in the long run.