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불안정한 지면에서 체중이동 운동이 뇌병변 청소년들의 보행 및 하지정렬(Q-angle)에 미치는 영향
장시삼(Si-Sam Jang),변재문(Jae-Moon Byeon),이성일(Sung-Il Lee),김진희(Jin-Hee Kim),송상협(Sang-Hyup Song) 한국발육발달학회 2018 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.26 No.4
The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of weight shift exercise in unstable ground on the gait and lower extremity alignment of adolescent with brain lesions. For the study purpose, this study conducted a test on 17 adolescents with brain lesions. The test was conducted for 12 weeks and the subjects had weight shift exercise in the unstable ground for 50-60 minutes a day and twice a week. To assess the gait and lower extremity alignment before and after the weight shift exercise, the subjects were tested on following items: Walking back for 3m, walking for 6m, walking for 10m, walking up/down 4 stairs. The quadriceps angle(Q-angle) of the subjects were also observed. For the test results, Paired- T-test was conducted and the test results were as follows. First, the subjects’ ability for walking back for 3 m (p=.009), walking for 3 m (p=.004), walking for 10 m (p=.003), walking up/down four stairs (p=.002, p=.003) showed statistically significant decrease. Secondly, although quadriceps angle (Q-angle) showed decrease in right (p=.126) and left (p=.055) side within the normal range, there was no statistically significant decrease. Those result show that the weight shift exercise in the unstable ground do not cause statistically significant change in the quadriceps angle (Q-angle) of adolescents with brain lesions. On the other hand, the weight shift exercise in the unstable ground had positive influence in the walking ability.
지각운동 프로그램이 자폐성장애 아동과 청소년의 기본운동기술에 미치는 영향
장시삼(Si-Sam Jang),변재문(Jae-Moon Byeon),이성일(Sung-Il Lee),송상협(Sang-Hyup Song) 한국발육발달학회 2019 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.27 No.3
This study aimed to investigate the perceptual exercise program on basic motor skills in children and adolescents with autism disorder. To achieve the study objectives, perceptual exercise program was applied to 10 children group and 10 adolescent group with autism, 60 minutes per session, twice a week for 32 weeks. To evaluate the basic motor skills of the subjects before and after the exercise, they were measured in six areas of operational skills including throwing, catching, kicking, hitting, bouncing, and rolling; two areas of movement skills including balance beam, walking backward; and two areas of stabilization skills including standing with one leg and escaping. The study results were analyzed with matching sample T-test and independent sample T-test, as follows. First, test group showed the significant changes on all areas of operational skills (throwing p=.000, catching p=.000, kicking p=.001, hitting p=,000, bouncing p=.000, and rolling p=.000), while control group showed the significant changes only on four areas (catching p=.005, kicking p=.001, hitting p=.037, and rolling p=.015). Second, test group showed the significant changes on two areas of movement skills (balance beam p=.001 and walking backward p=.000), while control group showed some improvement but not significant. Third, test group showed the significant changes on two areas of stabilization skills (standing with one leg p=.003 and escaping p=.000), while control group showed the significant change only on escaping (p=.037). Fourth, significant changes were found only in the operational skills (catching p=.012, bouncing p=.004 and rolling p=.028) between both groups after the intervention. In summary, perceptual exercise program showed the effects on the exercise in the students with autism who have different school grades. Degree of improvement by exercise seems to show more positive effects in the children period than in the adolescent period.
고에너지 전자빔 투사방법으로 제조된 VC / 탄소강 표면합금화 재료의 템퍼링에 의한 경도향상
이성학(Sung Hak Lee),어광준(Kwang Jun Euh),김용찬(Yong Chan Kim),신기삼(Kee Sam Shin),김락준(Nack J. Kim) 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 2002 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.40 No.9
This study aimed at improving hardness by tempering of VC/carbon steel surface-alloyed material fabricated by high-energy electron-beam irradiation. The mixture of VC powders and flux (50%MgO-50%CaO) was placed on a plain carbon steel substrate, and then electron beam was irradiated on this mixture using an electron beam accelerator. The surface-alloyed layer of 1.8 mm in thickness was homogeneously formed without defects. The microstructural analysis indicated that VC particles were coarsely formed along solidification cell boundaries, and the matrix inside cells was mostly composed of lath-type martensite and fine cuboidal VC particles. A large amount (10.1 vol.%) of these VC particles in the lath-type martensitic matrix improved hardness four times greater than that of the substrate. When the VC/steel surface alloyed material was tempered, a number of fine VC particles were precipitated in, the tempered martensitic matrix, thereby leading to the additional hardness improvement. Therefore, the hardness of the surface-alloyed layer was further enhanced by tempering, while the residual stress in the layer could be removed and the fracture toughness could be increased.
불안정한 지면에서 하지 기능 운동이 뇌병변 청소년들의 하지근력 및 균형능력에 미치는 영향
고성식 ( Sung-sick Ko ),장시삼 ( Si-sam Jang ),이성일 ( Sung-il Lee ),변재문 ( Jae-moon Byeon ) 한국발육발달학회 2016 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.24 No.3
The purpose of this study was to know about how the lower limb functional exercise in an unstable ground affects the lower limb strength and the balance ability of encephalopathy teenagers. In order to achieve the purpose of the study, the lower limb functional exercise in an unstable ground from 12 encephalopathy teenagers in the experimental group was applied once every 50 minutes twice a week during 12 weeks, meanwhile 12 encephalopathy teenagers in the control group did not receive any treatment except daily life. In order to evaluate the lower limb strength and the balance ability of the study subjects from exercise before and after exercise, the lower limb strength test using therabands, static balance ability test(standing by one leg, FRT) and dynamic balance ability test(TUG, walking 10 m, walking 3 m) were used. The results of this study through applying 2×2 mixed design two-way ANOVA as follows: First, the measured results of the lower limb strength using therabands was that the bending force and new force of a hip joint increased significantly(p=.000), also the bending force and new force of the knee joint increased significantly(p=.000). Second, in the static balance ability, standing by one leg with opened eyes and functional arm stretching(FRT) increased significantly(p=.000, p.002) respectively. Third, in the dynamic balance ability, in standing up and walking(TUG) and in walking straight 3m(Tandem Gait Test) decreased significantly(p=.000, p=.000), in walking straight 10m(Straight Walking Test) appeared no change. Taken together the above results, the lower limb functional exercise in an unstable ground during 12 weeks is believed to improve the lower limb strength and also static and dynamic balance ability of encephalopathy teenagers.