Transport Characteristics of Cd, Cu and Zn in a Sewage Sludge-Treated Calcareous Soil

이상모,조재무,Lee, Sang-Mo,Cho, Chai-Moo 한국토양비료학회 1999 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.32 No.4

하수오니 처리 석회질 토양에서의 Cd, Cu 및 Zn의 수송 특성을 조사하기 위하여 하수오니 무처리 토양, 하수오니 50과 100 ton $ha^{-1}$ 처리 토양 및 하수 오니를 대상으로 용출현상 (elution development)과 혼성치환 (miscible displacement) 기술을 이용하여 실험을 수행하였다. 하수오니 50과 100 ton $ha^{-1}$처리 토양의 Cd, Cu 및 Zn 의 용출곡선 (elution curve)과 출현곡선 (breakthrough curve)은 하수오니 무처리 토양의 Cd, Cu 및 Zn의 용출곡선 및 출현곡선과 거의 비슷하였다. Cd, Cu, 및 Zn 10 mg을 처리한 Cd, Cu 및 Zn의 용출곡선은 Cd, Cu 및 Zn을 처리하지 않았을 때의 용출곡선과는 거의 비슷하였으나, Cd, Cu 및 Zn의 50 mg을 처리한 용출곡선과는 크게 달랐다. Cd, Cu 및 Zn 혼합용액 500과 $1000mg\;L^{-1}$을 이용한 Cd, Cu 및 Zn의 출현곡선은 서로 비슷하였으나, Cd, Cu 및 Zn 혼합용액 $100mg\;L^{-1}$을 이용한 출현곡선과는 크게 달랐다. 실험에 사용한 석회질 토양에서 하수오니 50과 100 ton $ha^{-1}$ 처리량은 Cd, Cu 및 Zn의 수송특성에 큰 영향을 주지 못하였으며, Cd와 Zn의 수송특성은 서로 비슷하였으나 Cu의 수송특성은 Cd 과 Zn의 수송 특성과는 크게 달랐다. A controlled column study using elution development and miscible displacement was conducted to assess heavy metal transport characteristics in sludge-untreated soil ("Control"), soil treated with an equivalent of sludge 50 and 100 dry ton $ha^{-1}$ ("Soil-Sludge mixtures"), and sewage sludge ("Sludge"). The elution curves (ECs) and the breakthrough curves (BTCs) for Cd, Cu and Zn in sludge 50 and 100 dry ton $ha^{-1}$ treated soils are not different from the sludge-untreated soil, The ECs for Cd, Cu and Zn in soil column which received a pulse of 10 mg of each Cd, Cu and Zn were similar to those of Cd, Cu and Zn in soil column which had no Cd, Cu and Zn added, but were very different with the ECs for Cd, Cu and Zn in soil column which received a pulse of Cd, Cu and Zn containing 50 mg of each metal. On the other hand, the BTCs for Cd, Cu and Zn in soil columns that were eluted with 500 and $1000mg\;L^{-1}$ of mixed solution of Cd, Cu and Zn were similar to each other, but were distinctly different with the BTCs for Cd, Cu and Zn in soil column that was eluted with $100mg\;L^{-1}$ mixed solution of Cd, Cu and Zn. Sewage sludge applied at rates of 50 and 100 dry ton $ha^{-1}$ did not affect the transport characteristics of this calcareous soil. The apparent mobility for this sludge treated soil and sludge is: Cd >Zn>Cu. The transport characteristics of Cd and Zn are similar to each other, but are different from those of Cu.

기회의 땅, 베트남 Inside

이상모,Lee, Sang-Mo 벤처기업협회 2007 벤처다이제스트 Vol.113 No.-

Kinetic Study of Cadmium Adsorption by Sewage Sludge

이상모,티분고,Lee, Sang-Mo,Goh, Tee-Boon 한국토양비료학회 2000 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.33 No.1

하수 오니에 의한 Cd 의 흡착반응을 조사하기 위하여, Cd의 처리농도 (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 및 $50{\mu}g\;Cd\;ml^{-1}$를 달리하여 흡착실험을 수행하였으며, 반응시간 (흡착 반응 후 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.5, 4.5, 6.6, 8.5, 12.5, 24.5 및 48.5 h) 별로 Cd 의 농도를 구하여 흡착반응의 속도상수를 계산하였다. 모든 처리 농도에서 처음 반응시간 30분 이내에 처리 한 Cd의 약 95% 가 흡착되었다. 초기의 빠른 1단계 Cd 흡착반응 후에는 1차 가역 반응식으로 기술할 수 있는 1단계 반응보다는 느린 2단계의 Cd 흡착 반응이 일어났다. 1차 가역 반응식으로 기술할 수 있는 2단계의 Cd 흡착 반응의 속도상수는 $-0.137{\sim}-0.521h^{-1}$의 범위로서 Cd처리 농도가 증가할수록 속도상수는 감소하였다. 흡착 반응에서 평형에 도달하는 시간 (약 6-24 h) 이나, 평형에서의 Cd 의 흡착량 (약 $276-2720{\mu}g\;g^{-1}$) 또는 흡착되지 않고 용액에 남아있는 Cd의 농도 (약 $60-400{\mu}g\;L^{-1}$) 도 Cd 의 처리 농도에 의하여 결정되었다. 즉 Cd 의 처리 농도가 증가할수록 평형에 도달하는 시간, 흡착량 및 평형 농도는 증가하였다. 하수 오니에 의하여 흡착된 Cd 의 일부는 시간이 경과함에 따라 하수 오니로 부터 방출되었으나 그 양은 전체 Cd 흡착량에 비하면 매우 적었다. To investigate the adsorption-desorption reaction of Cd by sewage sludge, the adsorption of Cd from $Cd(NO_3)_2$ solutions of concentrations ranging from 5 to $50{\mu}g\;Cd\;mL^{-1}$ by sewage sludge was examined for reaction periods up to 48 hours. The amount of Cd adsorbed as a function of time was measured. The adsorption between Cd in solution and the solid phase could be described by two stages. The initial adsorption of Cd was very rapid, that is, approximately 95% of the added Cd was removed from solution within the first 30 minutes. Further, the greater the concentration of Cd added, the greater was the amount of Cd adsorbed. After the rapid initial decrease of Cd, a slower decline in the Cd concentration resulted which followed first order reversible kinetics. The equilibrium concentrations for the reactions, as well as the time period for the equilibrium reactions were dependent on the initial Cd concentrations. If equilibrium is reached, the amount of Cd remaining in solution is greater when the amount adsorbed is higher, although the percentage of Cd in solution is constant relative to the initial concentration of Cd. Some of the adsorbed Cd was released back to solution since the concentration of Cd after 48 hours was higher than the equilibrium concentration of Cd. However, despite the increased amount of Cd measured, the overall net reaction was a significant adsorption of Cd from solution by sewage sludge.

증례보고 : 급성 대상포진 환자에서 성상신경절에 박동성 고주파술을 이용한 치료경험

이상모 ( Sang Mo Lee ),박천희 ( Choon Hee Park ),김원태 ( Won Tae Kim ),이철승 ( Cheol Seung Lee ),최준석 ( June Seong Choi ),김정률 ( Jung Yul Kim ) 대한마취과학회 2007 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.52 No.5

Herpes zoster represents the reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus located in the dorsal root ganglion. The virus multiplies and migrates to the skin surface producing a characteristic, usually painful, pustular eruption. Severe pain during the acute phase of herpes zoster has been associated with a higher risk of developing postherpetic neuralgia. Sympathetic ganglion block and somatic nerve block have been used for patients in the acute phase of herpes zoster to alleviate pain and prevent postherpetic neuralgia. Sympathetic nerve block appears to achieve these goals by blocking the profound sympathetic stimulation that is a result of the viral inflammation of the nerve and ganglion. However, they require repeated local anesthetic injections to relieve the symptoms of acute herpes zoster as well as to prevent the occurrence of postherpetic neuralgia. Pulsed radiofrequency has been proposed as safe, nondestructive treatment method. We present a case of acute herpes zoster that was managed with pulsed radiofrequency treatment. The results were satisfactory. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2007; 52: 586~90)

수도재배포장에서 침투수의 Urea-N , NH<SUB>4</SUB>-N 및 NO<SUB>3</SUB>-N 의 농도변화

이상모(Sang-Mo Lee),류순호(Sun-Ho Yoo),김계훈(Kye-Hoon Kim) 한국토양비료학회 1995 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.28 No.2

중년기 남성들의 규칙적인 운동으로 인한 혈청지질의 변화

이상모(Sang Mo Lee),정연수(Youn Soo Jung) 한국사회체육학회 1997 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.7 No.-

The purpose of the study is to know the relation chronic exercise to the change of serum lipid, a factor of the disease of adult people. The subjects were 17 healthy men in their 50s and proceeded the exercise for 12 weeks at the 70% of their maximal heart rate. The training frequency was 5 times a week and exercise time was 30 minutes. Measured three times, before the training, after 6-week training, and after 12-week training and repeated measures ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. The results are 1. Triglyceride and total cholesterol are reduced significantly after 12-week training comparing with them before the training(p<.001) 2. High density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein cholesterol are also reduced significantly after 6-week training, 12-week training respectively comparing with them before the training(p<.001). 3. Hemoglobin was reduced significantly after 6-week training, 12-week training respectively comparing with it before the training(p<.001). In conclusion, when the subjects continued doing exercise for 12 weeks at the intensity of 70% of their maximal heart rate, the serum lipid was changed reducing significantly. Accordingly, the training intensity and duration of this study will notice the sedentary weekers in their 50s the importance of chronic exercise.

기계번역을 활용한 법령번역의 실제와 과제

이상모 ( Sangmo Lee ) 이화여자대학교 통역번역연구소 2021 T&I review Vol.11 No.1

Machine translation powered by artificial intelligence is now being widely used for such areas as legal translation, which require high-level professional knowledge and skills and thus were used to be considered exclusively for human translators. The Korea Legislation Research Institute, which has translated the statutes of the Republic of Korea for 30 years, has begun to use machine translation. Yet there are issues to be addressed, including legal problems associated with using machine translation. If we could come up with a proper solution to these issues based on in-depth research, machine translation would better assist human translators. (Korea Legislation Research Institute, Korea)

논토양에서 중질소 ( N - 15 ) 를 이용한 표면시용 요소로부터 유래하는 질소의 행동에 관한 연구

이상모(Sang Mo Lee),류순호(Sun Ho Yoo) 한국응용생명화학회 1994 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.37 No.4

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연구간척지 토양에서 15 토양 침출액을 이용한 포화침출액의 전기전도도 추정

이상모(Sang Mo Lee),류순호(Sun Ho Yoo) 한국응용생명화학회 2001 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.44 No.3

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증례보고 : 강직성 척추염 환자에서의 고관절 성형술을 위한 지속적 요근구역 차단법과 좌골신경 차단법을 병용 시행한 마취증례

이상모 ( Sang Mo Lee ),안익순 ( Ik Soon An ),최준석 ( June Seog Choi ),박천희 ( Cheon Hee Park ),이철승 ( Cheol Seung Lee ),김원태 ( Won Tae Kim ) 대한마취과학회 2007 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.52 No.1

Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic and systemic disease invloving the axial skeleton. In patient with involved cervical spine of the ankylosing spondylitis, endotracheal intubation by direct laryngoscope may be difficult or impossible because they have a limitation of cervical movement and anatomical anomalies. Additionally, ossification of the interspinous ligaments and the formation of bony bridges (syndesmophytes) between vertebrae, resulting in a classic "bamboo spine" appearance make difficult or impossible placement of an epidural or spinal needle. We report a case of a patient with long standing ankylosing spondylitis who underwent revision arthroplasty of the hip using combined continuous psoas compartment block and sciatic nerve block. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2007; 52: 99~103)