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고농도 아연 조건에서 수수-수단그라스 교잡종의 생장, 광합성 및 아연 제거능
오순자 ( Soonja Oh ),고석찬 ( Seok Chan Koh ) 한국환경과학회 2016 한국환경과학회지 Vol.25 No.8
Plant biomass, photosystem II (PSII) photochemical activity, photosynthetic function, and zinc (Zn) accumulation were investigated in a sorghum-sudangrass hybrid (Sorghum bicolor × S. sudanense) exposed to various Zn concentrations to determine the elimination capacity of Zn from soils. Plant growth and biomass of the sorghum-sudangrass hybrid decreased with increasing Zn concentration. Symptoms of Zn toxicity, i.e., withering and discoloration of old leaves, were found at Zn concentrations over 800 ppm. PSII photochemical activity, as indicated by the values of F<sub>v</sub>/F<sub>m</sub> and F<sub>v</sub>/F<sub>o</sub, decreased significantly three days after exposure to Zn concentrations of 800 ppm or more. Photosynthetic CO<sub>2</sub>c fixation rate (A) was high between Zn concentrations of 100-200 ppm (22.5 μmol CO₂·m<sup>-2</sup>·s<sup>-1</sup>), but it declined as Zn concentration increased. At Zn concentrations of 800 and 1600 ppm, A was 14.1 and 1.8 μmol CO₂·m<sup>-2</sup>·s<sup>-1</sup> , respectively. The patterns of stomatal conductance (g<sup>s</sup>), transpiration rate (E), and water use efficiency (WUE) were all similar to that of photosynthetic CO2 fixation rate, except for dark respiration (R<sup>d</sup>), which showed an opposite pattern. Zn was accumulated in both above- and below-ground parts of plants, but was more in the below-ground parts. Magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe) concentrations were significantly low in the leaves of plants, and symptoms of Mg or Fe deficiency, such as a decrease in the SPAD value, were found when plants were treated with Zn concentrations above 800 ppm. These results suggest that the sorghum-sudangrass hybrid is able to accumulate Zn to high level in plant body and eliminate it with its rapid growth and high biomass yield.
차나무 잎의 캘러스 배양을 통한 카테킨류의 생산성 개선
오순자(Soonja Oh),고석찬(Seok Chan Koh) 한국자원식물학회 2005 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.18 No.2
차나무 카테킨류의 생산성을 높이기 위하여 차나무 잎의 캘러스 배양시 thiamine-HCl과PVP의 효과를 조사하였다. 캘러스의 생장은 20 mg/L thiamine-HCl이 포함된 캘러스증식배지(0.2 mg/L 2,4-D와 1.0 mg/L TDZ가 첨가된 MS 배지)에서 가장 왕성하여 대조구에 비해 1.7배의 생장을 보였다. 배양된 캘러스의 카페인 함량은 신초에 비해 10% 이하로 낮아졌고 총 카테킨류 함량은 40 mg/L thiamine-HCl에서 가장 높아 신초의 1.6배까지 증가하였다. 특히 신초에서는 검출되지 않았던 (-)-epicatechin(EC)이 thiamine-HCl 또는 PVP를 처리하여 배양하였을 경우 모든 처리에서 검출되었으며, (-)-epicatechingallate(ECG)는 신초에서 보다 4.8배나 높은 함량을 나타내었다. 캘러스 생장과 고효율의 카테킨 생산을 고려했을 때 30 mg/L thiamine-HCl이 포함된 배지가 최적의 배양조건으로 판단된다. The effects of thiamine-HCl or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) on growth and catechin contents of calli from Camellia sinensis leaves were investigated to improve catechin productivity in callus cultures on the selective medium. The growth of calli was great on the proliferation medium (the MS medium with 0.2 mg/L 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/L TDZ) supplemented with 20~30mg/L thiamine-HCl. Although the caffeine content was low in calli compared to young leaves, the total content of catechins was high in calli. Particularly,(-)-epicatechin (EC) which not detected in young loaves was also detected in calli on the propagation medium containing thiamine-HCl or PVP. In addition, the (-)-epicatechingallate (ECG) content was significantly higher in calli than in young leaves. In conclusion, the proliferation medium supplemented with 30 mg/L thiamine-HCl as a vitamin source seemed to be optimal condition for the growth and catechin production in callus culture.
카드뮴 독성 평가를 위한 은행이끼의 엽록소형광 분석 및 환경지표 선발
오순자 ( Soonja Oh ),고석찬 ( Seok Chan Koh ) 한국환경과학회 2013 한국환경과학회지 Vol.22 No.11
The effects of cadmium ions (Cd2+) on the Chl a fluorescence of Ricciocarpos natans were investigated in order to determine whether Chl fluorescence can be used as a biomarker to estimate the physiological responses of plants to cadmium stress. In all plants treated with Cd2+, the image of Fv/Fm, which represents the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ, changed as the Cd2+ concentration increased, when treated for 48 h or more. Changes of ΦPSⅡ and QP images were recognized even at 10 μM Cd2+. The Chl a O-J-I-P fluorescence transient was also affected even at 10 μM Cd2+. The fluorescence yield decreased considerably in steps J, I and P in plants treated with Cd2+, although a typical polyphasic rise was observed in non-treated plants. The Chl fluorescence parameters, Fm, Fv/Fo, Sm, SFIabs, PIabs and ETo/CS, decreased as the Cd2+ concentration increased, while the Mo and Kn parameters increased. Peroxidase activity decreased significantly and catalase activity increased as the Cd2+ concentration increased. Because of its sensitivity to Cd2+ Ricciocarpos natans is useful in experiments investigating the responses of plants to cadmium exposure. Several parameters (Fm, Fv/Fo, Sm, SFIabs, PIabs, ETo/CS, Mo and Kn) can be applied to determine quantitatively the physiological states of plants under cadmium stress.