섬진강 하구역에서 환경요인 및 기초생산성의 변화

양성렬,송환석,김관천,박철,문창호,YANG SUNG RYULL,SONG HWAN SEOK,KIM KWAN-CHUN,PARK CHUL,MOON CHANGHO 한국해양학회 2005 바다 Vol.10 No.3

섬진강 하구역에서 일차생산을 조절하는 환경요인과 기작을 포악하기 위하여 엽록소 a, 영양염, pH, 부유물질, 용존산소, 염분과 일차생산을 2001년 2월, 4월, 8월, 10월 네 차례에 걸쳐서 측정하였다. 조사기간 중 일차생산의 범위는 50.7에서 14,203.3 mg C $m^{-3} day^{-1}$의 범위를 보여주었다. 다른 하구역과는 대조적으로 본 조사지역에서는 대부분의 시기에 높은 수층 투명도로 인하여 광 조건이 광합성의 제한요인으로 작용하지 않았다. 염분이 10에서 20 psu사이의 지역에서 가을철 대증식이 발생하였는데, 이 현상은 매년 나타나는 것으로 보이며 그 기작에 대하여 추가적인 연구가 필요한 것으로 생각된다 일차생산을 조절하는 주된 요인 중의 하나인 영양염의 거동은 염분에 의하여 지배되는 것으로 보인다. 질소계 영양염의 주된 공급원은 섬진강으로부터의 담수에 의한 것으로 보이는 반면, 인은 광양만 유역의 산업폐수로부터 기인한 것으로 판단된다. 본 조사지역에서 식물플랑크톤에 의한 일차생산은 시간적 공간적인 변화를 보이며, 수층의 투명도와 밀접한 관계를 나타내고, 인접한 광양만 내의 연안역에 비교하여 상대적으로 높은 값을 나타내었다. To investigate the aquatic environmental factors and processes controlling primary production in the Seomjin River estuary, chlorophyll a, nutrients, pH, SS, DO, temperature, salinity and primary productivity were measured in February, April, August and October, 2001. Primary productivity values ranged between 50.7 and 14,120.3 mg C $m^{-3} day^{-1}$ during the sampling period. In contrast to other estuaries, light condition did not seem to be the important limiting factor far primary production due to high water-column transparency during most of the time. The autumn bloom occurred in regions where salinity values ranged between 10 and 20 psu. This phenomenon appeared to develop every year and deserves further investigation. The behavior of nutrients, which is one of the major factors controlling the primary productivity, appeared to be governed by salinity regimes. The main source of nitrogenous nutrients seemed to be the freshwater runoff from the Seomjin River. However, that of phosphorus seemed to be from the industrial wastewater in Gwangyang area. The primary pro-duction of phytoplankton in the study area varied with space and time, showing a close correlation with water column transparency, and exhibited higher values compared to those of adjacent coastal regions in Gwangyang Bay.

2000년도 주암호의 일차생산

양성렬,김대옥 광주대학교 2001 産業技術硏究 Vol.15 No.-

2000년 6회에 걸쳐 측정된 주암호의 일차생산은 봄에는 0.82 - 23.0 ㎎C/㎎ Chl/hr, 여름에는 0.32 - 270.5 ㎎C/㎎ Chl/hr, 가을에는 0.77 - 8.29 ㎎C/㎎ Chl/hr의 범위를 나타내었다. 기초생산은 10월에 가장 낮은 값을 보였으며, 정점간 차이는 크게 나타났다. 7월의 낮은 일차생산 값은 조사기간 동안 광 조건이 좋지 않았던 데에 기인하는 것으로 보인다. Primary productivity values ranged 0.82 - 23.0 ㎎C/㎎ Chl/hr in Spring, 0.32 - 270.5 ㎎C/㎎ Chl/hr in Summer, and 0.77 - 8.29 ㎎C/㎎ Chl/hr in Autumn, 1998. It showed the lowest values in October, and the variation was the greatest among six survey periods. The reason for the low productivity values in July was due to poor light conditions during the study period.

영광원자력발전소 주변 해양생태계의 기초생산과 온배수 배출에 의한 영향

양성렬 광주대학교 산업기술연구소 1996 産業技術硏究 Vol.6 No.-

영광원자력발전소 주변 해양생태계 및 환경조사가 1995년 10월부터 1996년 9월까지 1년에 걸쳐 매월 1회씩 수행되었다. 본 월별조사와 기존의 분기조사와의 비교는 동일한 계절이라도 조사기간의 기상조건등의 차이에 따라 차이가 커서 비교가 힘들었으며, 분기조사로는 변화의 양상 및 원인을 규명하는데는 미흡하다. 해수 표층수온은 취수구에 비하여 배수구에서 3.7 ∼ 8.0℃ (평균 6.4℃) 높게 나타났다. 기초생산력은 1개월 간격으로 행한 이번 조사의 결과 계절에 따른 차이는 있으나, 배수구가 취수구에 비하여 평균 70% 정도의 감소를 나타내었다. 겨울철 배수구 주변의 온도상승에 의한 생산성 증가는 관찰할 수 없었다. 수층의 COD는 기초생산성과 밀접한 관계를 나타내며 생산성이 높은 4월에 최대치를 나타내었다. The survey on the marine ecosystem and environment near Youngkwang Nuclear Power Plant was conducted every month for one year period between October 1995 and September 1996. The comparison between this monthly study and previous seasonal studies was difficult due to the differences in the survey period and meteorological conditions. Seasonal investigations were insufficient to elucidate the pattern and the cause of variability. Sea surface temperarures were 3.7 ∼ 8.0 ℃ (average 6.4℃) higher near the discharge area than near the intake area. Primary productivity showed a seasonal variability, but the trend was consistent; approximately 70% reduction near the discharge area compared to the intake area. The thermal enhancement of primary production during the winter was not observed in this study. The COD in seawater showed a positive relationship with the productivity of the water column and the maximum appeared in April.

한국 남해 해역의 일차생산 계절변화

양성렬 광주대학교 1998 産業技術硏究 Vol.11 No.-

1998년 3회에 걸쳐 측정된 남해 해역의 표층 일차생산은 4월에는 0.27 - 2.90(1.41±1.07) ㎎C m-3 h-1, 9월에는 3.24 - 8.89 (1.41±1.07) ㎎C m-3 h-1, 11월에는 5.01 - 5.56 (1.41±1.07) ㎎C m-3 h-1의 범위를 나타내었다. 기초생산은 4월에 가장 낮은 값을 보였으며, 정점간 차이는 가장 크게 나타났다. 4월의 낮은 일차생산 값은 조사기간 동안 광 조건이 좋지 않았던 데에 기인하는 것으로 보인다. Primary productivity values ranged 0.27 - 2.90(1.41±1.07) ㎎C m-3 h-1 in April, 3.24 - 8.89 (1.41±1.07) ㎎C m-3 h-1 in September, and 5.01 - 5.56 (1.41±1.07) ㎎C m-3 h-1 in November, 1998. It showed the lowest values in April and the variation was the greatest among three survey periods. The reason for the low productivity values in April was due to poor light conditions during the study period.

남극해역의 일차생산, 신생산 및 재생산의 분포

양성렬 광주대학교 2002 産業技術硏究 Vol.15 No.-

제13차 남극 하계조사 기간 (2000년 1월) 동안 수층 적분한 일일 일차 생산력은 121.4 ∼ 340.8 ㎎ C m^-2 day^1, 단위 클로로필당 일차생산력은 0.003 ∼ 1.02 ㎎C ㎎ Chl a^-1 hr^-1로 측정되었다. 신생산은 1.36 ㎎ N m^2 h^-1 ∼ 2.52 ㎎ N m^-2 h^-1, 재생산은 1.79 ㎎ N m^-2 h^-1 ∼ 7.92 ㎎ N m^2 h^-1의 값을 나타내었다. 일차생산중 신생산이 차지하는 비율인 f-ratio는 0.115로부터 0.818로 평균 0.37(±0.17)을 보여주었다. 이는 평균 기초생산의 37%가 수직확산 등에 의해 공급되는 질산염에 의해 유지되고 있었으며, 나머지 63%는 유광층 내에서 순환되는 암모니아에 의해 유지되고 있다는 것을 나타낸다. 탄소와 질소의 생산비(C/N ratio)는 1.11 ∼ 4.12(2.83±1.18)의 범위를 나타내는데 통상적인 Redfield ratio인 6.7에 비하여 40% 정도의 낮은 값이다. 그 이유로는 조사해역의 질소계 영양염 공급이 활발하여, 영양염의 흡수 및 동화기작이 탄소동화에 비하여 활발한데서 기인한 것으로 판단된다. The depth integrated daily primary productivity values ranged 121.4 - 340.8 ㎎ C m^2 day^1, and chlorophyll normalized primary productivity ranged 0.003 ∼ 1.02 ㎎C ㎎ Chl a^-1 hr^-1 during the 13th Antarctic cruise during January, 2000. New production was 1.36 ㎎ N M^2 h^-1 ∼ 2.52 ㎎ N m^2 h^1, and regenerated production 1.79 ㎎ N m^-2 h^-1 ∼ 7.92 ㎎ N m^-2 h^1. The f-ratio, which is the portion of new production from primary production, ranged between 0.115 and 0.818(mean = 0.37±0.17). This indicates that 37% of primary production is maintained by nitrate supplied by vertical diffusion, and the rest 63% is supported by ammonia which is recycled within the euphotic depth. C:N productivity ratio showed 1.11 - 4.12 (mean=2.83±1.18), which is only 40% of the conventional Redfield ratio of 6.7 The reason for this anomaly is thought to be due to the sufficient supply of nitrate in the water column from below which accelerates the nitrate assimilation system of the phytoplankton compared the carbon assimilation mechanism.

1993년 4월말 황해 남부 해역의 질소 신생산(新生産)과 재생산(再生産)

양성렬,신경순,양동범,YANG, SUNG RYULL,SHIN, KYOUNG SOON,YANG, DONG-BEOM The Korean Society of Oceanography 1994 韓國海洋學會誌 Vol.29 No.3

Nitrogenous new production and regenerated production were measured in the southern part of the Yellow Sea (Hwanghae) using a stable isotope /SUP 15/N nitrate and ammonia between April 25∼30, 1993. Nitrogen production varied between 155 and 688 mg N m/SUP -2/ d/SUP -1/, which belongs to meso to eutrophic area values. This is equivalent to 881∼3909 mg C m/SUP -2/ d/SUP -1/, assuming the Redfield ratio for C:N of 5.7:1 (by weight). the f0ratio which is the fraction of new production from primary production, varied between 0.12 and 0.26, indicating that 74 to 88% of primary production was supported by the regeneration of nutrients within the euphoric zone. This low f0ratio is the characteristics of the oligo- to mesotrophic area. Contrary to the expected, the ambient nutrient concentration was not an important factor for controlling productivity in this area during the study period. The difference in productivity among stations was mainly due to the variations in phytoplankton biomass in different water masses.

Effects of Iron and chelators on Primary production and Nitrogen New Production in the Equatorial Pacific Upwelling System

양성렬,YANG, SUNG RYULL The Korean Society of Oceanography 1993 韓國海洋學會誌 Vol.28 No.1

Effects of iron and/or chelator addition on primary production in the equatorial Upwelling system were studied during the TOGA(Tropical oceans and Global Atmosphere) and EPOCS (Equatorial Pacific ocean Climate Studies) cruises in June and November-December of 1989. Changes in the phytoplankton biomass and the degree of iron stress were estimated using the changes in vivo fluorescence before and after the addition of DCMU, which is an inhibitor of photosynthetic electron transposer system. Nitrate uptake was measured using /SUP 45/N labeled KNO$_3$ to estimate the new production. When samples were taken from the Upwelling area where nitrate concentration was higher than 5 uM, there were significant differences between the control and cheated iron treatments in vivo fluorescence and in nitrate uptake capacity. However, CFC (Cellular fluorescence capacity) did not show any significant difference between the control and treatments until nutrient limitation becomes severse and cells become shifted-down. Outside of the Upwelling area where surface nitrate concentration was low (below 0.5 uM), there was no significant difference between the control and treatments in vivo fluorescence and CFC. It is evident that primary and new production in the equatorial Pacific Upwelling region are limited by the availability of iron. However, the physiology of phytoplankton indigenous to this region does not appear to be iron stressed judging from CFC values.

낙동가 하구 해양 생태계에서 기초생산성과 질소계 영양염의 변화

양성렬,송환석 광주대학교 1999 産業技術硏究 Vol.13 No.-

낙동강 하구역은 하구언 공사이후 커다란 환경변화를 보이고 있다. 본 연구는 1997년 7월부터 1998년 4월까지 3차례에 걸쳐 낙동강 하구언 아래지점인 하구역의 10개의 정점을 선정하여 식물플랑크톤의 생산성관련 요소와 환경 요인들을 측정하였다. 연구 지역의 영양염은 풍부하였으며, 특히 질소계 영양염이 과량 존재했다. 계절별 평균 N:P ratio는 봄철에는 104.94로 매우 높게 나타났으며, 여름철에는 17.71로 Redfield ratio와 유사하게 나타났다. 이것은 주로 질소계 영양염이 풍부하게 있어 식물플랑크톤의 제한 요인으로는 작용하지 않음을 나타낸 반면에 인산염이 제한 요인으로 보인다. 일차생산은 8.47 ∼ 374.33 ㎎ C m^3 day^1의 범위를 보였고, 특히 망자도와 새등 하단부근에서 일차생산이 높은 농도로 존재하였다. There have been great changes in the Nakdong estuary after the construction of estuarine dyke. Field surveys were carried out three times between July 1997 and April 1998 at ten stations in the Nakdong estuary to measure phytoplankton productivity and related elements. Several other environmental factors were also measured. Nutrient was enriched at all stations, and nitrogenous nutrients were the most abundant. N:P ratio was high with average value of 104.9 during the spring and 17.71 during the summer. This indicates that this study area was enriched with nitrogen, implying that phosphate could be the limiting nutrient. Primary production values showed a range of 8.47 ∼ 374.33 ㎎ C m^-3 day^1, especially high values near Mangjado and Saedeung stations.

Role of Recepteur D’origine Nantais on Gastric Cancer Development and Progression

양성렬,Thi Thinh Nguyen,Trong Thuan Ung,정영도 전남대학교 의과학연구소 2017 전남의대학술지 Vol.53 No.3

Recepteur d’origine nantais (RON) is a receptor tyrosine kinase belonging to the subfamily of which c-MET is the prototype. Large epidemiologic studies have confirmed the strong association between RON and gastric cancer development. Constitutive activation of RON signaling directly correlates with tumorigenic phenotypes of gastric cancer and a poor survival rate in advanced gastric cancer patients. In this review, we focus on recent evidence of the aberrant expression and activation of RON in gastric cancer tumors and provide insights into the mechanism of RON signaling associated with gastric cancer progression and metastasis. Current therapeutics against RON in gastric cancer are summarized.

Antioxidant Activity of Several Cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) Cultivars

양성렬,Songzhuzhao,부희옥 한국자원식물학회 2015 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.28 No.3

Total phenol, flavonoid and antioxidant components of cabbage leaf samples derived from different cultivar were determined. Total phenol compound content showed the highest amount in methanol extracts from ‘YR Howol’ cultivar (11.72 ㎎/g), followed by ‘Harutame’ (10.66㎎/g), ‘Winstar’ (10.34 ㎎/g) and YR Hero (10.20 ㎎/g). The highest amount of total flavonoid content was observed from the methanol extracts of Harutame (5.39 ㎎/g), followed by Winstar (4.28 ㎎/g), Wialhowol (4.10 ㎎/g). The SOD enzyme activity showed a high activity of ‘YR Hogeo’ cultivar, and the cultivar of ‘YR Howol’ cultivar showed the lowest activity of SOD. The activity of CAT and APX showed higher values ‘Ogane’ and ‘YR Hogeol’ cultivars than the other cultivars. The POD activities showed relatively high values ‘Ogane’ and ‘YR Howol’ cultivars compared with other cultivars. The free radical (DPPH) scavenging activity showed lower IC50 values of ‘Harutame’ (15.71) and ‘YR Howol’ cultivar (16.88), however methanol extract of ‘YR Hero’ cultivar (22.49) being the highest. The extracts of all cabbage cultivars in the reaction solution of pH 1.2 could be decomposed nitrite more than 50%. Especially, the cultivar ‘YR Hogeol’ and ‘Ogane’ showed a relatively high nitrite scavenging activity for each 60.13% and 57.20% respectively. The IC50 values of antioxidant activity determined by ABTS were lower in ‘Harutame’ (17.04) and ‘YR Howol’ cultivar (17.97), and its results observed similar with values obtained from the same extracts by DPPH method. The result of this study suggests that the methanol extract of Brassica oleracea L. contains the high amount of phenolic and higher radical scavenging activities.