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『The Korean Repository』에 소개된 SONG 연구
송민규 ( Min Gue Song ) 국제비교한국학회 2013 비교한국학 Comparative Korean Studies Vol.21 No.1
This paper examines the works of James Scarth Gale (奇一, 1863∼1936) recognized as SONG`s among other translated poems published in Korea`s first monthly English magazine, The Korean Repository. The first Korean literary work introduced into the Western world is known to be Chun Yung`s, Korean Tale, translated by Horace Newton Allen in 1889. Later Korean literary works were introduced into the Western world by Hong Jong-u, H. G. Arnous and others, which were all folk tales or novels. The period when Korean poetry was first translated and introduced into foreign countries was in about 1895. As some works translated by the missionaries, James S. Gale and Homer Bezaleel Hulbert were published in the first monthly English magazine issued in Korea, The Korean Repository, Korean poems began to be known to foreign countries. In particular, Gale translated about 17 poems in Namhuntaepyeongga and introduced them in the form of independent reports in The Korean Repository for years, which were called ODE, LOVE SONG, SONG etc. The Korean poetry as SONG consisting of 4 poems among others attracts attention in that it was published as the opening poetry of the last issue of The Korean Repository in December 1898. Unlike those Korean poems intensively introduced as ODE or LOVE SONG toward 1895 and 1896, those introduced as SONG after almost 2 years had passed reveal differences in themes and significance. The 2 years was a period in which Gale stayed (May 1897-March 1898) at Washington to write and publish Korean Sketches (1898) after he had translated and published The Pilgrim`s Progress and completed the publication of the Korean-English Dictionary (December 1895-1897). In this period, Gale went beyond exploration of Korea, but began to progressively reveal his own view of Korea. His literature like Korean Sketches is part of the result. Thus, Gale in this period selected as subjects of translation those poems showing Koreans` emotions and individualities when he translated Korean poetry. It was the Korean poetry published as SONG in the last issue of The Korean Repository in December 1898 that was a product of the translated poetry that revealed his view of Koreans. Before this period, Gale selected Korean poetry as ODE, as his subject of exploration along with Koreans` life style, and sang Koreans` awareness of love in terms of Korean poetry as LOVE SONG. However, the Korean poetry translated as SONG by Gale almost 2 years later revealed his critical and positive views of Koreans, which originated from his difference as a Western man from Orientals. While based on the Western Orientalist view point from which Occidentals viewed quite primitive Orientals, on the other hand, it was also a part of the course in which his Korean studies was formed which included developmental potentials about Koreans.
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『The Korean Repository』에 소개된 LOVE SONG 연구
송민규 ( Min Gue Song ) 현대문학이론학회 2013 현대문학이론연구 Vol.0 No.52
This article studied translated poems perceived as ``Love Songs``out of literary works published on The Korean Repository, the first English monthly magazine in Korea, by James Scarth Gale (奇一, 1863~1936). In the end of the 19th century, records of Korean literature or translated literature works by westerners came to appear. Among them, there were Ernest J. Oppert and William E. Griffis who recorded overall impression and Horace Newton Allen and Arnous H. G who translated Korean literary works. Records on Korean lyrics first appeared in 1895, which was achievements of Herbert and Gale published on The Korean Repository. Among them, Gale translated many Korean lyrics and discussed them on The Korean Repository, and made remarkable achievements in terms of quantity. Korean lyrics on The Korean Repository translated by Gale are called as ODE, LOVE SONG or SONG. These names followed English poetry classification. In particular, the biggest number of Korean poems were translated under the name of ``LOVE SONG`` and the first article introducing Korean poetry under the title of ``KOREAN LOVE SONG`` in April 1895, they were introduced as ``specimens of Korean versification``. This article studied total 7 LOVE SONGS including the works introduced as ``LOVE SONGS``in January in 1896. The original texts of Korean poems published as LOVE SONGS were all love songs on Namhuntaepyungga. Such characteristics made Korean love songs differentiated from ODE or SONG with various kinds of themes and subjects. The Korean Repository had been published for 6 years from January, 1892 to December, 1898 (excluding two years``break of 1893 and 1894), when love songs were popular in Korea. Additionally, Namhuntaepyungga which Gale translated contained high percentage of love songs. Actually, the highest portion of the works was love songs. It can be guessed that Gale perceived that love songs were popular in Korea at the end of the 19th century and tried to translate these love songs. On the other hand, the expressions of love on LOVE SONG were different from those on the original poems in Namhuntaepyungga. Love expressions on LOVE SONG were very passionate and the courting method was very active, while those on the original works were indirect and less active in courting. Besides, in LOVE SONG ``love`` has been used actively but in original poems did not use ``?랑``at all. Gale transformed Korean`s emotion expressed in love songs in the 19thcentury to active and passionate love during the course of the translation. Later, Gale translated Guwunmong and Chunhyangjeon, and sense of love shown in his translated novel could be connected to the sense of love shown in LOVE SONG that he had translated before.
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