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생물담체 활용 생물접종에 의한 원유로 오염된 해양토양의 정화
배환진,권성현,김병혁,박득자,김희식,고성철,Bae, Hwan-Jin,Kwon, Sung-Hyun,Kim, Byung-Hyuk,Park, Duck-Ja,Kim, Hee-Shik,Koh, Sung-Cheol 한국미생물학회 2009 미생물학회지 Vol.45 No.4
본 연구의 목표는 생물담체(biocarrier)에 의한 생물접종기술(bioaugmentation)을 개발하여 원유로 오염된 해양저질의 정화에 활용하고자 하는 것이다. 몇 군데의 원유로 오염된 해안으로부터 수 가지의 분해미생물군집을 농화배양하여 평가한 결과 기능적으로 상이한 2가지의 미생물군집을 분리하였다. 이들 미생물군집을 혼합 배양한 경우 Alcanivorax sp.가 우점종을 이루는 것으로 나타났으며, 이 군집과 대나무활성탄 등을 이용하여 미생물제제(MA-2)를 제조하여 사질의 원유오염 해안토양에 처리할 경우 5주 후 산소발생제의 존재하에 90% 이상의 TPH 분해력을 나타내었다. 또한 점질의 토양도 미생물제제(MA-1)를 처리할 경우 5주 후 71% 정도의 분해율을 나타냈다. 이는 분리된 토착미생물군집을 활용하여 오염토양의 처리에 효과적으로 활용할 수 있음을 의미한다. 한편 계면활성제의 고농도의 처리는 분해미생물의 작용을 억제하므로 적절한 농도의 확인이 필요하며 점토질의 토양의 정화를 위해서는 적절한 통기를 시키는 방법(산소발생제 투여, 기계적 aeration 등)의 활용이 요구된다. This study was carried out to develop an effective biocarrier-mediated bioaugmentation technology which will be useful for remediation of the crude oil-contaminated marine sediments. Enrichment of several microbial communities was made from several oil-polluted seashore sites and the two distinctively functional consortia have been successfully selected. These two consortia were grown together and used to manufacture the microbial agents for bioaugmentation of marine sediments polluted with crude oil. The most dominant species in the mixed culture was identified as Alcanivorax borkumensis based on pure culture and DGGE analysis. Bioaugmentation of oil-polluted marine sediments with the microbial agent MA-2 formulated using the mixed culture and biocarriers (activated carbon and minerals) was more effective, especially in combination with an oxygen producing (releasing) compound (ORC). Ninty percent of TPH was removed in the presence of ORC in 35 days while 74% in the absence of ORC. This indicated that the indigenous consortial degraders could be immobilized on the active carbon as a biocarrier to manufacture microbial agents and then effectively bioaugmented for remediation of the oil-polluted sediments.
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생물학적 처리에 따른 갯벌 복원을 위한 현장 적용성 연구
조대철(Cho, Dae-Chul),배환진(Bae, Hwan-Jin),권성현(Kwon, Sung-Hyun) 한국산학기술학회 2012 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.13 No.7
현장 갯벌에서의 미생물제제와 CaO<sub>2</sub>처리를 통한 효율성을 관찰하고자 유용미생물 및 미생물과 CaO<sub>2</sub>를 혼합하여 특수 처리한 제제를 100㎡ 크기의 각 처리구에 3.6㎏씩 살포하여 6주간 모니터링 결과, 두 처리구로부터 pH 및 ORP는 평균 pH 7이하, ORP는 초기 값(-178 mV ~ -188 mV)에 비해 –121.06 mV ~ -142.06 mV로 다소 상승하였다. 강열감량과 COD의 경우, 큰 변화가 없었으며 질소와 인 계열은 다소 효과가 있었는데 암모니아는 시간이 경과함에 따라 대조구와 더불어 낮아지는 경향을 보였으며 질산성질소의 경우, CaO<sub>2</sub>와 미생물제제의 혼합처리(11.3%)가 미생물제제 처리(7.3%)보 다 질산염농도가 감소한 이유는 산소발생에 의한 어느 정도의 호기화된 조건에서 질산화반응에 의해 퇴적토의 질산염이 수층으로 용출된 결과로 생각되며 이에 따라 총 질소의 농도도 혼합처리에 의한 감소(6.1%)로 이어진 결과라 판단된다. 마찬가지로 인의 경우에도 초기 농도가 다소 높은 수치(T-P는 0.761 mg/g, PO<sub>4</sub>-P는 0.529 mg/g)를 보였으나 혼합 처리구에 서 T-P는 29%, PO<sub>4</sub>-P는 31.8%의 감소율로 미생물제제보다 인의 용출을 억제시킨 결과로 나타났다. A field test on mud flat remediation was carried out in order to observe the effects of the treatments such as microbial dose and an oxygen releasing compound like CaO<sub>2</sub>. The size of each treatment site was 100 ㎡ and the dosage was 3.6 kg per site. The 6 week monitoring showed that pH on two sites was below 7 and ORP increased from –178∼-188 mV to –121∼-142 mV. In Ignition loss and COD there were no significant changes. Meanwhile nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations changed: ammonia concentration decreased both on control and treatment sites. Nitrate nitrogen decreased more on combined treatment site than on single microbial treatment (11.3% vs. 7.3%) probably because the extra oxygen supplied by CaO<sub>2</sub> formed more oxic environment so that the facilitated nitrification might produce more nitrate but the nitrate would be much rapidly released into the water layer out of the sediment. That also explains the total nitrogen reduction(6.1%). Similarly, T-P and PO<sub>4</sub>-P reduced by 29% and 31.8%, respectively on combined treatment sites, resulting from the phosphorus release effect though the initial concentrations of the two factors were considerably high.
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연구논문 : 연안저질 환경 개선을 위한 유용 미생물제제 및 산화제의 사용에 따른 환경변화 및 효율성 관찰
조대철 ( Dae Chul Cho ),배환진 ( Hwan Jin Bae ),이정령 ( Jung Yeol Lee ),권성현 ( Sung Hyun Kwon ) 한국환경과학회 2010 한국환경과학회지 Vol.19 No.11
This study was carried out in order to observe how the bay sediment would be changed with microbial treatments and a chemical oxidant like CaO2. The sediment during the treatments was analyzed in terms of pH, ORP, volatile organics content, COD, AVS, T-N, and T-P. With CaO2 treatment, pH was kept over 9.66 and ORP ranged from +4.70~+46.0, which meant an aerobic state meanwhile with the microbial treatment those were worse. In addition the chemical treatment showed better environmental index values than the microbial one: volatile organics content and COD values in the former were 12.9% and 37.9% while those in the latter were 4.5% and 18.7%, respectively. AVS and T-P were 71.1% and 100% versus 56.5% and 85.8%, respectively. However, the microbial treatment was better for T-N(66% higher). On the other hand, both treatment at a time enhanced all the environmental indices but COD meantime pH and ORP values were lower than with the chemical treatment only. Thus additional input of an oxygen generator like CaO2 could improve the environmental state of a bay sediment where the biological treatment is going on.
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어류양식장 저질개선을 위한 과산화칼슘 투입에 의한 생태 환경변화 관찰
조대철 ( Dae Chul Cho ),배환진 ( Hwan Jin Bae ),권성현 ( Sung Hyun Kwon ) 한국환경과학회 2012 한국환경과학회지 Vol.21 No.10
The aim of this research is to enhance the bottom environment of Geoje fish farm that has been severely contaminated. Treatment of microbial agent and/or calcium oxide significantly changed that environment: in ignition loss, either treatment (25% or 21%)showed better than mixed treatment (13.2%). In COD, the oxygen releasing agent or mixed treatment reduced the index by more than 20%. In T-P and T-N, the effects of CaO2 on them were overwhelming (50% or more) meanwhile that of the microbial agent on them was less than 20%. Also, CaO2 influenced on the microbial flora: Desulfobvibrio thermophilus, a sulfate reducing bacterium decreased in number, considering the increase of pH and rise of redox potential. In contrast, Pseudomonas sp., Pseudoalteromonas sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa were remarkably dominant over other species with mixed treatment as a PCA analysis confirmed it.
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