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류금주(Gum-Ju Reu) 한국기독교회사학회 2020 교회사학 Vol.15 No.1
H. G. Underwood, D.D., LL.D. was the pioneer missionary to Korea for 33 years. He was the missionary with the unique and noble sense of Christian globalism. His Christian globalism, first of all, seems to have sprung out of the solemn sense of his identification himself with the Christian missionary, for Christian mission is to be established on the idea of one-united world under the One and the Sovereignty of Jesus Christ. On the other hand, Underwood’s idea of Christian globalism was demonstrated abundantly in his The Call of Korea which was published in 1908, a missionary report sent to the American Christian Society. In this book, as the chair-person of the Society of Korea Propaganda in the U. S. A. from 1907 to 1909, Underwood was knocking ardently the doors of the hearts of the American Christians with a sincere call for Korea in the political, social and religious fields. In this book, his Christian globalism was expounded with four points. Firstly, Korea was understood as a part of the world in which God’s sovereignty was overwhelmingly dominating. In this case the global world was no more than a whole as the sum of local parts. Secondly, Underwood appreciated the ordinary mundane lives of Korean people no less than the religious life of the people. This fact points out that Underwood stressed the ordinary routine lives of the people which are to be dynamically transformed and activated by the faith. Simultaneously and thirdly it proves that his globalism has a sort of organic character because he did not set apart the religious life from the ordinary routine lives. Lastly, Underwood hailed the mission of Korea, id est, the divine mission called for the propagation of the Christian Gospel to the entire Asian countries. He recognized that this sacred mission was already inherent to Korean people. With this point, Underwood understood that global world united under the Gospel could be firmly established and only by performing faithfully its assigned mission whatever mission each country called for. Surprisingly, these four character of Underwood’s globalism appeared repeatedly in the process of founding Chosen Christian College, the predecessor of the present Yonsei University and the Biblical Course. That is, the global world as the sum of local parts, faith as reality, the organic union of society and church, and coordination of Japan, Korea and the U. S. A. as the citizens of Christian global world, who seeks His Kingdom and His righteousness with no regard to the differences of countries: east and west, yellow and white. The unique yet lofty idea of globalism of H. G. Underwood, the pioneer missionary to Korea will point the path upon which Korea and the Korean churches will march forward. For Korea and her churches has been set apart from above from the beginning, and now she is facing with the real global world which is united economically with its earnest call for Christian globalism.
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韓國敎會 地域理解의 變化 : 地域移動의 問題를 中心으로
류금주 연세대학교 신과대학·연합신학대학원 2005 신학논단 Vol.41 No.-
The idea of localization in Korean Church had a great mark in the latter part of 1960's. This period made the very epoch separating Korean church history in two parts, i. e. the church under the cross and the church upon daylight. Only after the restoration from the catastrophe of Korean War, Korean church could draw virtually new and independent church image on the whole aspects. When we think of that fact, we could understand the idea of localization has paralleled with the stream of whole history in Korean church. There are two distinct stream of the idea of localization in Korean church. The one is 'concentric' and the other is 'eccentric' Before the latter of 1960's, the localization of Korean church grew farther and farther according to the movements of Korean people. But it had a passive character, which was resulted by from the emigration and the refuge from the Japanese imperial regime and the national war of 1950 to 1953, This incurred a 'homesickness' for the place where they should leave with no right of choice. In turn, this passive character proved to be the inclination of being concentric in the idea of localization. They must return to the centre from which they could not but left. But a new epoch appeared. The time of 'urbanization' came with the industrialization of Korea after the middle of 1960's. Korean church changed her idea of localization. The place she ought to rest is the place her congregation are going to. After all, the eccentric of localization were sought after very actively. Furthermore the evangelization was vitalized in Korean church at this period. On the one hand, a special character appealed in the churches from North Korea who moved to South Korea in the time of Korean War. In the middle of the period of being eccentric, these churches showed an inclination of being concentric. For example, they liked to use their original name in the churches they have pioneered at home and abroad. It seems hard to be changed for these tendency of the churches until the recovery of their home, the original place.
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