바흐친으로 바이런 읽기:「돈 주안」 에 나타난 카니발적 언술

김현생,Hyun-saeng Kim 한국영미어문학회 2015 영미어문학 Vol.- No.117

This study is to read Byron’s D on Juan with the theory of Bakhtin’s Carnivalesque discourse. The key phrase of the paper refers to various characteristics of the medieval popular carnival such as the carnivalesque ambivalence, the gay relativity, the inversion of the social hierarchy, and the people’s festive laughter demolishing the comic and political fear of death and oppression. I n D on Juan , through the character, Byron subverts the image of hero by representing an anti-hero. The motif of the carnivalesque can be found not only in the bedroom farce but also in the scene of shipwreck in “ S pain Episode.” I n view of Bahktin’s theory of the carnival, D on Juan ultimately celebrates the ambivalent but creative power of the carnivalesque discourse shared both by humanity and nature.

한국사상(韓國思想) 문학(文學) : 김사량의 문학세계에 나타난 토포스와 서사적 의미 -「천마」, 「무궁일가」, 「향수」를 중심으로-

김현생 ( Hyun Saeng Kim ) 한국사상문화학회 2015 韓國思想과 文化 Vol.78 No.-

본 연구는 김사량의 「천마(天馬)」, 「무궁일가(無窮一家)」, 그리고 「향수(鄕愁)」 나타난 공간적 배경에 주목하여 토포스와 그 서사적 의미를 분석하는 것이 목적이다. 이 작품들에는 일제강점기 조선의 경성, 일본의 도쿄, 중국의 북경이 무대로 등장한다. 「천마」는 경성을 배경으로 현룡이 등장하여 식민지 지식인의 주체성 분열을 보여준다. 이때 경성은 물리적 장소 이상의 기능을 하는 토포스적 의미를 지닌다. 「무궁일가」의 도쿄는 이곳에 이주한 조선인의 삶은 더욱 비참하게 만들면서, 그들을 공간적, 의식적, 민족적으로 식민주체에 종속된 하위주체로 범주화 시켜 버린다. 「향수」의 북경은 제 3의 공간으로 볼 수 있다. 이곳에 온 조선인은 주로 도피가 목적이다. 그들은 어디에도 소속되지 못하고 이방인으로서 삶을 영위하고 있다. 이는 우리 민족의 참담했던 삶의 현장을 생생하게 재현한 공간으로 당대 사회의 혼란과 모순을 표상하는 토포스가 된다. 김사량의 문학에 나타나는 이 세 공간은 각 공간 나름대로의 토포스적 의미를 지니면서 작품의 서사와 밀접한 관련이 있다. 작가는 작품에서 동아시아 3국을 문학에 재현함으로써 당대 조선인의 삶을 입체적으로 그려냈다고 볼 수 있다. 본고는 작품에 나타나는 이와 같은 공간성에 주목하여 일제 강점기 경성, 도쿄, 북경 3국의 공간을 분석함으로써 공간의 문학적 재현에 주목하여 그 토포스와 서사적 의미를 분석하고자 하였다. 그 결과 작가의 공간 체험과 그의 문학 작품의 불가분성이 도출되며 그리고 문학에서 당대의 토포스와 그 서사적 의미가 드러나게 되는 것이다. The word ‘topos’ can be defined broadly as the affective bond between people and place or setting. Evidently, Kim Sa-ryang`s novels have shown the specific experience and imagination of place, such as Kyong-sung, Tokyo, and Beijing. The aim of this study is to analyze topos and its narrative meanings in Kim Sa-ryang`s novels. He was active in the literature during the period when the colonial occupation by Japan reached its peak. The backgrounds of his novels, “Chunma”「천마」, “Moogoong Family”「무궁일가」, and “Nostalgia”「향수」, are Kyong-sung, Tokyo, and Bejing respectively. Its space has its own meaning. As for the remarkable things in the novels, Hyun Ryong, an abnormal character in “Chunma”, was lacated on the boundary between the conquerors and the colonists, the Chios family, in “Moogoong Family”, they were the representatives of subordinate in subjective country, and Lee Hyun, in “Nostalgia”, was a wait-and-see character. In conclusion, Kim Sa-ryang`s novels can be considered a process pursuing a narrative jouissance by putting characters for a particular place, ‘topos’. In relation to his experience of life, such a writing can be also seen a repetitive narration-as-performance of the story tied with a traumatic space.

문학 : 사무엘 베케트의 『고도를 기다리며』: 소우주 속의 대우주

김현생 ( Hyun Saeng Kim ) 대구가톨릭대학교 인문과학연구소 2009 인문과학연구 Vol.11 No.-

문학 : 오영진의 『배뱅이굿』에 나타난 1940년대 조선의 로컬리티

김현생 ( Hyun Saeng Kim ) 대구가톨릭대학교 인문과학연구소 2011 인문과학연구 Vol.0 No.15

In the history of Korean literature, 1940s is a kind of "Dark Age," which meant not material poverty rather figuratively described the literary darkness under the Japanese imperialism. Baebaengie Gut(『배뱅이굿』) was written in Japanese at the times of "National Literature", which made the work inevitably be able to be read as dualism, the Empire Japan and the Colony Chosun. The work was based on Pansori "Baebaengi Gut," and adapted from it. The work focused on shamanic Korean ritual to portray the locality and the Chosun flavor of the times. Owing to this, it was possible to read 1940s` locality of Chosun in Oh Young-jin`s Baebaengie Gut. This study explores how the locality represented through folk ritual and colonial sentiment of the times, how expressed in the work by taking a close look at the underlying purpose, and analyzed the differences between the Empire Japan and the Colony Chosun. The author`s attempt to be Chosun, however, seemed to be successful, because he tried to establish a new identity of Chosun by suggesting a new vision for the contemporary reality which was forced by Japanese imperialism.

문학 : 존 키츠의 “소극적 수용능력”의 시학 -“오드(Odes)”를 중심으로-

김현생 ( Hyun Saeng Kim ) 대구가톨릭대학교 인문과학연구소 2009 인문과학연구 Vol.12 No.-

강경애의 『인간문제』와 성, 계급, 민족의 상관성

김현생 ( Hyun Saeng Kim ) 대구가톨릭대학교 인문과학연구소 2012 인문과학연구 Vol.0 No.18

바이런과 이슬람 : “동양의 이야기” 연구, 타자 재현의 담론

김현생(Hyun-saeng Kim) 한국영미어문학회 2009 영미어문학 Vol.- No.91

This article aims to interpret the representation of the Other in The Giaour and The Bride of Abydos, which provide rich elements with Islamic society and cultures. “Giaour” is the Turkish word for an infidel, who are no Muslims, with particular reference to Christians. The title role, Giaour, is a Western man coming to the East and destroying its order by causing Leila’s death and killing Hassan. The beautiful Zuleika in The Bride of Abydos, the daughter of the Pacha Giaffir, is forced to marry the rich, elderly Osman Sultan whom she have never seen. Her beloved brother Selim is also a Christian in the Islamic world. Their love is a variation of the incest theme to which Byron was frequently drawn. Giaour in The Giaour, whose character is allegorical, represents as the West, Christians, and Subjectivity. So does Selim in The Bride of Abydos. The Others represented in two poems are inseparable from the cultural and historical settings of Byron’s own time. The issues of culture, religion, race, gender are significantly represented in suggesting the narrative structures, thematic concerns, and especially the sociocultural ideologies of the work. This study further reveals the complex layers of the Other, Orient, femininity in Islamic society. Thus, not only does this article project investigate the sexual bodies and subversive desires of the Other that challenge the established boundaries of race, religion, gender ideologies on which the Western society has built itself, but it also focuses on the various cultural signs in the representation of the Other whose bodies are the site of Western cultural nexus of racial sexual typification and oppression. This article, inquiring critically into the significations of the Other, demonstrates how Byron criticizes the culture resolutely reasserting its traditional value system and expose the inadequacy of the Christian Western.

바이런과 이슬람: “동양의 이야기” 연구, 지배담론의 신화와 딜레마

김현생(Hyun-saeng Kim) 한국영미어문학회 2010 영미어문학 Vol.- No.95

This article tries to analyse Byron’s unique position in dominant discourse, focusing on his “Oriental Tales” such as The Corsair and Lara. A discourse is considered to be a formalized way of thinking that can be manifested through language, a social boundary defining what can be said about a specific topic. Discourse is closely linked to different theories of power and state, at least as long as defining discourses is seen to mean defining reality itself. In this case, Orientalism is underpinned by the material basis of imperial exploitation and exercise of power. In The Corsair, corsair means the Barbary pirates of north Africa. It is sometimes called “Turkish corsairs.” Conrad in The Corsair and Lara in Lara who are double act of questioning the validity of the two opposing discourses, two poems that have courted controversy among critics and readers alike. “Oriental Tales” can be seen positively as they express their own discourse. Byron created his own “Oriental Tales,” in which the subjugation of the country we now know as West and East in portrayed in the context two warring monotheistic religions. Both Islam and Christianity, the East and the West, the Orientalism and the Occidentalism, are portrayed with equal distaste, as instruments of personal, political and imperialist control over individuals. Gulnare and Kaled are the fought over focus of the eternal triangle situated between a Turkish tyrant and debased would-be Western liberator.

판소리 『춘향가』와 셰익스피어의 『로미오와 줄리엣』의 비교연구 - 사랑의 주제를 중심으로

김현생(Hyun-saeng Kim) 한국영미어문학회 2007 영미어문학 Vol.- No.82

  This study is a comparative exploration of love reflected in two different societies, Renaissance England and 19th century Korea. The two heroines of this study, Chunhyang in P"ansori Chunhyang Ga and Juliet in Romeo and Juliet, both underwent suffering in order to remain faithful to their loyalty and maintain chastity.<BR>  In Chunhyang Ga, Chunhyang, the daughter of a kisaeng(the Korean female entertainer), and Mongryong, the son of noble man, fell in love, from the first time they met. After separation with Mongryong, Chunhyang was asked bed service by a district magistrate, Byun Hak-do. Refusing the offer, Chunhyang was ready to die. The love of Chunhyang and Mongryon"s finally got compensated for their trials and sufferings when Mongryon became a royal secret commissioner.<BR>  In Romeo and Juliet, the young lover, Romeo and Juliet were attracted to each other at first sight. But they also passed through trials which eventually led them to their deaths. Their love was completed in death, which might have considered of success of their love not failure, since their deaths brought about peace and reconciliations between the Montague and the Capulet.<BR>  The study will lead to the conclusion that both Chunhyang Ga and Romeo and Juliet will be loved forever by the Korean and the English people respectively.

문학 : 올더스 헉슬리의 『멋진 신세계』의 과학, 축복인가, 재앙인가 -디스토피아 과학-

김현생 ( Hyun Saeng Kim ) 대구가톨릭대학교 인문과학연구소 2010 인문과학연구 Vol.0 No.14

This paper intends to examine Huxley`s scientific point of view in his novel, Brave New World, by asking whether science a blessing or a disaster. Huxley portrays here in Brave New World a Utopian Country that obviously would turn into a Dystopia one. It is set ostensibly in the far future, the year of Our Ford 632, which equivalent to Gregorian Year 2540. Projection his novel into the future, Huxley offers a picture of the world as it might become if man becomes subservient to science rather than science subservient to man. The conversation between John the Savage and Mustapha Mond presents many controversial issues about science. Their discussion in chapter 17 acts as a core summary of the novel. John the Savage, who is appalled by the sterility and absence of feelings in the World State, where life founded on "Community, Identity, Stability" and the pleasure principle endorsed by drug kind of soma. The behavior of John the Savage is sometimes compelled by external forces thereas sometimes they are the result of human volitions and desires. His actions are still determined wholly by their current conditions, but at least the subject is the author of the actions. In conclusion, this article asserts that scientism developed without humanities could be a disaster for the future life of human beings.