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점감형 흡착탑과 실린더형 흡착탑의 파과특성 비교에 관한 연구
이승목(Seung Mok Lee),김원기(Won Gee Kim) 한국수처리학회 1997 한국수처리학회지 Vol.5 No.4
Adsorption on activated carbon is a very effective treatment method for removal of a broad spectrum of organic chemicals from water supplies and wastewater. Although GAC(granular activated carbon) treatment has been designated as BAT(best available technology) for the removal of several compounds. there are major technical and economic concerns that are forcing utilities to look at other alternatives including with the new regulations. Adsorption is typically carried out in fixed or pulsed beds in columns of constant cross section or in slurry reactors. Recent studies by the principal investigator has shown that adsorption efficiency can be increased substantially by a judicious selection of adsorbent size distribution and a variable cross section for the column. Under identical operating conditions, a reverse stratified tapered bed was shown to increase breakthrough time by 30% to 200% over the conventional cylindrical fixed bed for the solute-adsorbent system studied. Moreover, column pressure drops are lower for the RSTA than the conventional system. Water and wastewater plants processing large volumes of water can realize significant savings in capital and operating costs by utilizing this type of operation. This has wide ranging implications for adsorption technology and its applications in the processing of water and wastewater, hazardous waste and solid waste leachate treatment, and groundwater remediation.
민경철 ( Kyung Chul Min ),김원기 ( Won Gee Kim ),이승목 ( Seung Mok Lee ),김근한 ( Keun Han Kim ),이희용 ( Hee Yong Lee ),양재규 ( Jae Kyu Yang ),박연종 ( Youn Jong Park ) 한국물환경학회 2011 한국물환경학회지 Vol.27 No.4
As(V) adsorption on aluminum oxide powder which was recycled from industrial wastes containing aluminum hydroxide was evaluated. Aluminum oxide powder in this study was prepared by calcinating aluminum hydroxide wastes at 550°C. Spectroscopic analysis indicated that the aluminum hydroxide wastes were changed to aluminum oxide by calcination. Arsenic adsorption isotherm was conducted with variation of ionic strength and multiple-ion systems using Ca(II) and Cu(II). As(V) removal showed typical anionic adsorption characteristics that the removal efficiency decreased with increasing pH in single As(V) system as well as in binary and ternary system. More than 80% of As(V) at an initial concentration of 5×10-5 M was removed from aluminum oxide powder in As(V) single system. The effect of ionic strength on As(V) adsorption was negligible, which indicated the strong bonding between aluminum oxide powder and As(V). The removal efficiency of As(V) was higher in a binary system with Cu(II) than in a binary system with Ca(II).
동물뼈로부터 재활용된 hydroxylapatite를 이용한 Cu(2) 제거
김무늬(Mu Nui Kim),김원기(Won Gee Kim),이승목(Seung Mok Lee),양재규(Jae Kyu Yang) 大韓環境工學會 2009 대한환경공학회지 Vol.31 No.9
척추동물의 뼈는 hydroxylapatite [Ca10(PO₄)6(OH)2, HAp]로 이루어져 있어서 용액 중에 존재하는 중금속이온들의 훌륭한 이온교환제로서 잘 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 하소시켜 얻은 소뼈, 돼지뼈, 생선뼈를 이용한 회분식 반응조에서의 구리이온의 제거성능을 조사하였으며 이러한 결과로부터 중금속이온을 제거하기 위한 흡착제로서의 재이용성을 평가하였다. 온도를 달리하여 하소시켜 얻은 세 종류의 뼈 시료들의 표면특성은 SEM, XRD 및 FT-IR 분석을 통하여 측정하였다. SEM 촬영결과 하소온도가 높아질수록 표면이 불규칙해졌으며 작은 기공이 발달하였다. XRD 분석에서는 하소 온도가 높아질수록 피크가 발달되는 경향을 보였는데 이와 같은 현상은 HAp가 열처리에 의해 무정형 형태에서 결정형으로 바뀌었음에 기인한 것으로 여겨진다. FT-IR 분석결과 하소온도가 높아질수록 흡착된 물과 골격 내 유기물의 흡수밴드의 강도는 점차 감소되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 구리이온 제거 결과 뼈를 넣지 않은 바탕실험에서는 15% 이하의 제거율을 보였는데 하소된 뼈를 사용한 경우에는 제거율이 부가적으로 40% 이상 상승하였다. 세 종류의 동물뼈 모두에서 하소온도를 높일수록 구리에 대한 제거율은 감소하였다. 용액의 pH가 상승할수록 양이온 교환 및 침전반응을 형성할 수 있는 유리한 조건에 의해 구리이온의 제거율이 상승하였다. The bone of spinal animals has a hydroxylapatite (Ca10(PO₄)6(OH)2, HAp) structure which is well known as an excellent inorganic ion exchanger for various heavy metal ions in solutions. In this study, the reusability of cow-bone, pig-bone and fish-bone as a potential material for the removal of heavy metals in solutions was evaluated from the removal of Cu(II) ion in batch tests. The surface properties of three bones, calcined at different temperatures, were measured with SEM, XRD, FT-IR analyses. From the SEM analysis, a clear development of heterogeneity as well as pores having small diameter was observed as the calcination temperature increased. The results of X-ray diffraction analysis showed well developed crystallinity on the surface of calcined bones obtained at higher temperatures, suggesting a transform of amorphous type to crystalline type. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis showed disappearance of water molecule on the surface of HAp and organic functional groups of the HAp with increasing the calcination temperatures. Cu(II) removal in the control test was below 15%. By the way, additional 40% increase of Cu(II) removal was observed in the presence of calcined bones. For three bones, Cu(II) removal was decreased as the calcined temperature increased. Cu(II) removal was increased as the solution pH increased due to a favorable condition for the cation exchange as well as precipitation.