뇌척수액 반복주사에 의한 고질적 동통의 관리

김병찬,전세웅 대한마취과학회 1977 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.10 No.1

Physiotherapy, psychotherapy, hormone therapy, chemical therapy, traditional surgical methods; amputation of painful extremities, cordotomy, leucotomy, rhizotomy, electrode insertion into the dorsal column of cord and acupuncture have been performed for therapeutic approaches to pain relief, but still there are problems in management of complete relief for the chronic pain today. At present, another new method of eliminating chronic pain is based on expanding the neurophysiologic aspect. Among the above mentioned therapeutic approaches to chronic pain relief, spinal barbotage seems to be least stressful to the patient and very effective in some cases. We have experienced a case of successful control of chronic pain by spinal barbotage for a 62 year old woman with metastatic colon carcinoma. The patient was well controlled chronic pain for 28 hours after the first spinal barbotage and forj 3 weeks after the second spinal barbotage. It is considered that spinal barbotage is more simple, convenient and effective than other methods for intractable pain rclief.

美國에 있어서의 中央集權化 問題 : 그 原因의 究明과 對策 Analysis of Its Causes and Countermeasures

金秉燦 경북대학교 1968 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

1. Preface Since the end of the 19th century, state and federal control of the city has developed in the United States. With this, many students of social science seem to believe that centralization is inevitable in a highly industrialized society. However, the causes of centralization must be analyzed, and we must determine whether its causes are eliminable. If they are eliminable, we must discover ways to eliminate them in order to protect our freedom. 2. State Control of the City a. Legislative control by Special Acts Before 1820, cities were isolated and largely independent. But after that time to the Civil War period, transportation and communication developed and the unit of economy became state-wide. These changes paved the way to state control. In the period from 1850 to 1870, many states passed Special Acts which nullified the independence of the cities and blackened the era by meddling in local affairs. Finally aroused municipalities, bolstered by the teaming masses in the cities, staged a rebellion to regain their power of self-government. Beginning with Missouri in 1875, many states authorized the cities to have their own Home-Rule Charters. b. State administrative control of the city In the twentieth century, cities were faced with the deficit of revenue to deal with mushroom expanded new responsibilities. The exigency of municipal finance demanded flexible control and consequently supervision by the state administrative processes arose instead of static legislative control. It began in the field of finance for the equalization of assesment and restrictions of bond issues, but it expanded eventually to the all important areas of municipal affairs such as the administration of personnel, police, public health, sanitation, fire, streets and roads. 3. Federal Control of the City The great depression of the nineteen-thirties found cities financially swamped with unprecedented loads. Without Federal grants-in-aid and loans, cities could not carry this burden. Grants-in-aid and loans had strings attached to control municipal administration. Many organizations of the Federal Government, which relate with cities, were established during the period of the New Deal, World War Ⅱ and the post-war era. Federal .government supervision of the cities has continued up-to-date. 4. Analysis of the Causes of Centralization State and Federal control of the city began in the field of finance, and it was caused by the problems of municipal finance. The deficit of revenue in the cities was caused by the long toboggan of deflation of property values with economic change in the early part of 20th century and the great depression in the nineteen-thirties, because cities depended upon the property tax as a main source of revenue. With this, we can define that the decisive cause of centralization is the unjust allotment of the sources of revenue between the city, state and Federal Government. 5. Conclusion. There are many elements in modern society, which pave the way to centralization. Among them the financial exigency of the local government is the most decisive cause. But if we have a wise policy of the allotment of the sources of revenue between the different levels of government, we can avoid the problems of local finance. The final conclusion is that centralization is not inevitable even in a highly industrialized society.

병원감염 예방기술 - 바이러스 신속 분석 기술-핵산증폭 진단법을 중심으로

김병찬,Kim, Byeong-Chan 한국공기청정협회 2015 空氣淸淨技術 Vol.28 No.3

主民參興 槪念의 省察

金秉燦 경북대학교 1985 論文集 Vol.40 No.-

1. The legitimacy and the limit of citizen participation are affected by how the concept of the "citizen" is defined. 2. A definition of the citizen includes all the legitimate inhabitants in a certain region. It is more reasonable, however, to understand that current citizen participation focuses upon that of lower-class citizens, if we consider the social and economic situations in which the citizen participation since 1960s has been advocated. 3. The legitimacy of citizen participation The so-called "modern theorists of democracy" such as J. A. Schumpeter, B. R. Berelson, K. A. Dahl, and H. Eckstein disclaim direct political participation of the lower-class citizens, arguing that it would endanger present democratic institutions. They assert that political problems are above the capacity of average citizens and that the present democratic institutions can be maintained by an appropriate arrangement of elite's dominance and citizens' indifference. But the author does not agree with them. It is not only legitimate to let the alienated citizens participate into policy process but also necessary for maintenance of the current institutions. 4. The possibility, methods and limits of citizen participation 1) Effective citizen paticipation requires three factors: citizens' knowledge of policy subjects, their willingness to participate and supporting power of the participating citizens. Citizens know well, as a matter of course, the policy subjects of their close interests. Their willingness to participate and their supporting power have been proved through the citizen movements in developed countries. 2) Methods of citizen participation should be the ones that can give clear impact upon policy making. 3) Limits of citizen participation are as follows. The policy subjects of citizen participation should be limited to those of citizens' close interests. The maximum size of community for effective citizen participation should be limited so that sense of community could be shared by its citizens. The contents of citizen participation should be limited to the followings: definition of policy problems, setting goals and basic strategies to achieve them, and general monitoring of policy implementation. 5. Conclusion Every citizen should be allowed to excercise his share of participation and no citizen may be excluded. This is the way which keeps political system legitimate and stable. The citizen participation should be defined as participation of alienated lower-class citizens in the process of policy making and implementation.

3장 교사의 삶은 어떤 모습인가?

김병찬 한국교육행정학회 2016 한국교육행정학회 학술연구발표회논문집 Vol.2016 No.10

韓國의 看護現狀에 대한 고찰

김병찬,손영주 제주한라대학 1998 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

The purpose of this study is to research the present situation of nursing in Korea in accordance with many different areas. Modern nursing in Korea started in 1903 with the foreign nurses visiting Korea for missionary work and has developed a lot recently. The title of nurses has changed 3 times and nursing educational system has been institutionalized into three or four year college education. In the past, the career of nurses was limited largely in the medical institutions as a medical assistant, but these days their speciality field has been expanded into various areas such as schools, industrial organizations, social welfare facilities, and many different institutions practicing inclusive health and medical enterprises. As of 1998, to be a nurse in Korea, they have to complete 3 or 4 years nursing college course as a basic curriculum and get a nurse license after passing state examination. After that, they work in the clinical field or community nursing field. If they want to be scholars or researchers, they go to graduate school. At the present there are 37 universities which offer the master's coures, and 12 universities which offer the doctor's course. Nursing in Cheju began with opining JA-HYE clinic, the predecessor of Cheju Medical Center, but because licensed nurses were very few, unqualified nurses had been working as a nurse assistant. However, in 1969, Cheju Nursing School, the predecessor of Cheju Halla College, opened as a three-year college course and has produced qualified nurses who have had regular nursing education. At the present Cheju Halla College turns out about 200 nurses yearly, and there are 824 nurses who are working in Cheju community. In the nursing curriculum of college, 4-year nursing colleges give more weight on cultural subjects than 3-year nursing college. But the students of both the colleges have to pass state examination, they have to complete the same level of major subjects. The core subjects are as follows : Adult Nursing, Pediatry Nursing, Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing Psychiatric Nursing, Community Nursing, Nursing Management, and Basic Nursing. Nurse's employment range and its present situation is divided by a clinical field and community field. A clinic field includes medical institutions prescribed by the Medical Services Law such as general hospital, hospital, dental hospital, Chinese medicine hospital, nursing home, private dental clinic, and so on. Community field includes public health center, primary, middle and high schools where nurses are working as school nurses, medical rooms in the industrial organizations, social welfare facilities, administrational institutions, research institutions, and colleges. As of the end of 1996, the employment rate of nurses available came up to 60.1%. But because of recent IMF economic crisis in Korea, each medical institution is having difficulties in managing, therefore, nurses and staff have been dismissed by way of structural reform. Even though it is a passing phenomenon, the employment rate of nurses has been declined as of May in 1998. The future perspective of Korean Nursing is predicted that by the improvement of educational level, 3-year nursing colleges will offer intensive courses and expand the opportunities of nurses' reeducation, while it is likely that nursing education will be unitary with 4-year course. Besides, nursing specialist system is predicated to be more activated on account of the improvement of public health and medical level, and the development of Medical science and Nursing.

“미국 연방정부의 확대로 살펴본 중앙집권과 지방분권 사이의 정치학” 논문에 대한 토론

김병찬 한국교육정치학회 2012 한국교육정치학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.33 No.-

지금까지 학술대회에서 봐왔던 논문과는 다른 흥미 있는 글이었습니다. 박교수님은 미국에서 교육정책을 둘러싼 중앙정부와 지방정부 사이의 정치적인 역동을 밝혀 우리 한국 교육정책에 주는 시사점을 도출하고자 한 것 같습니다. 이러한 의도는 충분히 달성이 된 것 같습니다. 박교수님은 미국에서 연방정부와 지방정부 사이의 오랜 분권구조를 깨고 연방정부가 지방정부에 간섭, 개입하기 시작한 1950년대 이후의 양측 사이의 정치적 역학관계를 밝히고 있습니다.

가족의식의 연구와 연구동향

김병찬 경동전문대학 1995 論文集 Vol.4 No.-

방위력개선사업의 비용편익 분석을 통한 획득대안 분석 연구

김병찬,안단 중소기업융합학회 2021 융합정보논문지 Vol.11 No.6

무기체계 획득사업은 막대한 예산을 투입하여 국가에 미치는 파급효과가 큰 특성이 있어 무기체계 획득사업을 추진하기 위한 기획연구 단계에서 경제적 타당성을 확보한 획득대안 분석이 요구되고 있다. 이러한 요구에 따라 획득연구 단계에서 획득대안 에 대한 경제성 분석을 수행하고 있으나, 현재는 초기 단계로 경제적 분석에 따른 획득대안 분석에 대한 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 현재 획득대안에 대한 의사결정 방법인 효과분석의 제한점을 식별하고 추가로 비용편익분석 방법을 제시하여 획 득대안에 대한 경제성 분석 방법을 제안한다. 비용편익 분석의 결과를 비용/편익비율(Benefit/Cost Ratio)로 제시하여 복수 대 안뿐만 아니라 단일 대안에 대한 경제성 분석이 가능하고, 경제적 타당성을 확보한 보편적인 결과 제시가 가능하다. 제시 방법을 OO 유도로켓 사업 획득연구에 적용하여 각 대안에 대한 경제성 분석결과를 제시한다. Since the weapon system project has a large ripple effect on the country by investing a huge budget, analysis of acquisition methods that secured economic feasibility is required in the planning stage to promote the weapon acquisition project. In response to this demand, economic analysis for acquisition method is preformed in the research stage of previous studies, but the analysis on economic analysis for acquisition alternative is imperfect at the present. In this research, we identify the limitations of the effect analysis and propose an additional cost-benefit analysis method to analyze the economic feasibility of the acquisition alternative. It is possible to present the universal results of economic feasibility analysis for not only multiple alternatives but also single alternatives by presenting benefit/cost ratio. It is applied to research on acquisition project of OO guided rocket, and the result of economic analysis for each alternative is presented.

Magnetorheological fluid polishing using an electromagnet with straight pole-piece for improving material removal rate

김병찬,정재화,조명우,하석재,윤길상 대한기계학회 2018 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.7

Mechanical grinding techniques can cause residual stress, micro-cracks, and work hardening in workpieces. Processes employing magnetorheological (MR) fluid aim to reduce subsurface damage by avoiding the direct application of mechanical force. However, the material removal rate (MRR) achieved with processes such as MR fluid polishing is relatively low. In this study, operating conditions to improve MRR are analyzed using the design of experiments method. Through experiment, and using factorial analysis, it is concluded that MRR depends on magnetic field strength, depth of polishing, and polishing time. Based on these results, a re-designed electromagnet is proposed, analyzed, and tested.