한국인 관상동맥성 심질환의 위험요인으로서 혈청지질에 관한 메타분석

김기순,김양옥,박종,박종구,김춘배,지선하,류소연,Kim, Ki-Soon,Kim, Yang-Ok,Park, Jong,Park, Jong-Ku,Kim, Chun-Bae,Jee, Sun-Ha,Ryu, So-Yeon 대한예방의학회 1999 예방의학회지 Vol.32 No.4

Objectives : To determine the relations between seven blood lipids such as total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), HDL-cholesterol(HDL), LDL-cholesterol(LDL), apolipoprotein A-1(Apo A1), apolipoprotein B(Apo B) and lipoprotein(a)(Lp(A)) and the coronary heart diseases(CHD), the quantitative techniques of meta-analysis were applied to studios of blood lipids and CHD in Koreans. Methods : We searched the Korean and the English literature published from 1980 to August, 1997 by manual search and bibliography review. Information on sample size, study design, participant characteristics(gender, age) and blood lipid levels were abstracted by reviewers using inclusion criteria. Estimates of the effect sizes of blood lipid levels on CHD in Koreans and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated using random-effect models. Results : We identified 16 case-control studies to apply meta-analysis. The overall effect sizes for CHD were 20.3(95% CI: 14.23-20.22) in TC, 24.8(95% CI: 12.6-36.86) in TG, 15.16(95% CI: 3.99-26.33) in LDL, -3.48(95% CI: -5.79 - -1.17) in HDL, -9.78(95% CI: -16.98 - -2.58) in Apo-a1, 17.88(95% CI: 9.72-26.05) in Apo B and 18.95(95% CI: 17.88-20.02) in Lp(a). Conclusions : Our results suggested that seven blood lipids were significantly associated with CHD in Koreans. Well-designed and prospective studies between blood lipids and CMD in Koreans should be peformed.

일부 농촌지역 고혈압자의 사망에 미치는 요인 -12년 추적 연구-

김기순,박종,Kim, Ki-Soon,Park, Jong 한국농촌의학지역보건학회 1993 농촌의학·지역보건 Vol.18 No.1

In order to find the factors associated with the death of hypertensives, 12 year follow-up study for 267 hypertensives whose average blood pressure were 140/90 mmHg or above during their first health screening in 1979-1980 at YongJin Township, Wanju Country, North Cholla Province by the Community Health Team of Chonju Presbyterian Medical Center. The study results are as follows : 1. Initial general characteristics of hypertensives were studied. The age distribution of studied hypertensives showed 27.3% in 40-49 years, 25.8% in 50-59 years, 29.6% in 60-69 years and 17.2% In 70 + years old group. Marital status showed that 82.8% of hypertensives had their wife or husband. 74. 5% were employed on agriculture. 56.5% of hypertensives were illiterate. 2. Among the hypertensives, 91.6% of male and 22.8% of female reported that they were smokers. 82.6% of hypertensives had body mass index lower than 25 Kg/$m^2$. 46.8% of average systolic blood pressure were 160mmHg or above and 54.3% of average diastolic blood pressure were 95mmHg or above. 3. Twenty percent of hypertensives reported that they were treating hypertension at the beginning of follow up, while 68.5% reported that they were not treated. 28.1% reported that they were treating hypertension within 6 months before last follow-up. but 69.3% reported that they were not treated for hypertension within Ii months before last follow up. So 50.6% were classified as never treated group and 41.2% as treated group. 4. Average blood pressure for initial 3 years were calculated. The change of average systolic blood pressure was observed as $161.3{\pm}19.4mmHg$ at the first year, $145.6{\pm}28.0mmHg$ at the second year and $141.4{\pm}37.2mmHg$ at the third year. Average diastolic blood pressure were changed from $96.2{\pm}14.4mmHg$ at the first year to $90.6{\pm}18.6mmHg$ at the second year and $86.4{\pm}22.9mmHg$ at the third year. 5. By the follow-up of hypertensives, 54 hypertensives (46.2%) among 117 male hypertensives and 50 hypertensives (33.3%) among 150 female hypertensives died for 12 years. 42.6% of male death and 52.0% of female death were caused by cerebrovascular diseases. 6. Through univariate statistical test about the association between general characteristics or cardiovascular risk factors of hypertensives and mortality for 12 years, age variable among male and among female age, marital status, occupation. educational level. systolic blood pressure and treatment status were shown as significant variable to influence upon the mortality. 7. By multiple logistic regression analysis, among male age and systolic blood pressure were selected as significant variable to be associated with the total mortality for 12 years. Among female age, systolic blood pressure and treatment status were selected as statistically significant variable to be associated with the total mortality for 12 years.

관상동맥질환 위험요인 구명을 위한 코호트내 환자-대조군 연구

김기순,박종,박종구,김춘배,천병렬,이태용,이강숙,이덕희,고광욱,지선하,서일,류소연,Kim, Ki-Soon,Park, Jong,Park, Jong-Ku,Kim, Chun-Bae,Chun, Byung-Yeol,Lee, Tae-Yong,Lee, Kang-Sook,Lee, Duk-Hee,Koh, Kwang-Wook,Jee, Sun-Ha,Suh, Il,Ryu, So 대한예방의학회 2001 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.34 No.2

Objective : To elucidate risk factors for coronary heart diseases among Korean males. Methods : A nested case control study was conducted among a Korea Medical Insurance Cooperation(KMIC) cohort composed of 108,802 males. The eases included 246 male patients who were admitted to hospital due to coronary heart diseases from 1993 to 1997 (120-25 by ICD) and whose diagnosis was confirmed by the protocol by WHO MONICA Project(1994). The control group was composed of 483 patients selected by frequency matching considering age and resident area from an inpatient care group without coronary heart disease during the same period. For study cases and the controls, the results of a health check-up in 1990 and a questionnaire on life style in 1992 were received through the KMIC. Some additional information was collected by telephone interviews during October 1999. Results : Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio(OR) of coronary heart diseases among past smokers and current smokers as compared to non-smokers were 1.94(95% CI : 1.14-3.31) and 2.20(55% CI : 1.35-3.59), respectively. The OR among persons who drank 4 cups or more of caffeinated beverages such as coffee or tea daily as compared to persons who drank one cup for 2-3 days was 2.50(95% CI : 1.07-6.12). The OR among persons with high normal BP and stage 3 hypertension against normotension were 2.51 (95% CI : 1.44-4.37) and 5.08(95% CI : 2.38-10.84). The OR among persons whose blood cholesterol were 240 mg/dL or mere against lower than 200mg/dL was 2.24(95% CI : 1.43-3.49). Conclusion : Smoking, drinking of excessive caffeinated beverages, hypertension and high blood cholesterol were proven to be significant risk factors for coronary heart diseases among Korean males.

일부 지역 의사들의 흡연실태와 금연지도활동에 대한 조사연구

김기순,강명근,박형철,김진선,류소연,Kim, Ki-Soon,Kang, Myung-Gun,Park, Hyung-Cheol,Kim, Jin Sun,Ryu, So-Yeon 대한예방의학회 2003 예방의학회지 Vol.36 No.3

Objectives : The purposes of this study were to assess the smoking status, knowledge and attitude related to smoking and smoking cessation activity of the physicians in a community, and to identify their predictors of smoking cessation activity. Method : All physicians employed by various health facilities in a community were surveyed using a structured questionnaire. Of the physicians surveyed,523 (69.6%) returned completed questionnaires. Results : The smoking rate of physicians was 29.3% (34.2% in males, 3.6% in females) and the knowledge and attitude scores to smoking were $22.5{\pm}2.4\;and\;65.4{\pm}0.9$, respectively. The self-efficacy score was $3.4{\pm}1.0$ and the smoking cessation activity score was $65.4{\pm}6.9$. The smoking cessation activity was statistically significant with working place, specialty, knowledge and attitude to smoking and self-efficacy. In stepwise multiple regression, smoking cessation activity was predicted by doctors' working place, specialty, attitudes related to smoking issues, and self-efficacy of counseling knowledge and stills. Conclusion : Physicians need to participate routinely and actively in smoking cessation activity. For doctors to effectively counsel and intervene in patients regarding smoking cessation, it is essential to integrate education un smoking cessation intervention into curricula in formal education and to offer continuing education including smoking cessation intervention.

한국(韓國) 농촌지역주민(農村地域住民)의 사망률(死亡率) 및 사망원인(死亡原因)에 대(對)한 연구(硏究) -경기도(京畿道) 강화군(江華郡)을 중심(中心)으로-

김기순,이병목,Kim, Ki-Soon,Lee, Byung-Mok 대한예방의학회 1977 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.10 No.1

To use basic data for health planning and evaluation of Kangwha community health project of Yonsei University, a study on death rates and causes of death were investigated in two townships (Naega and Sunwon Myuns) in Kangwha County from April 1, 1975 to March 31, 1977 All death was identified and reported by family health workers who are living in each village and 2 trained public health nurses confirmed the death. The causes of death were investigated by 2 public physicians. Total number of deaths for 2 years was 230 and the followings are brief summary of the study. 1. Age-adjusted crude death rates of study area were 8.69 per 1,000 population in 1975 and 7.18 per 1,000 population in 1976. Age-adjusted crude death rates for male were 9.18 in 1975 and 6.38 in 1976 and for female were 8.33 and 7.80 per 1,000 population 2. Age specific death rate curves by year and sex showed 'U' shapes. 3. Infant and neonatal death rates were 30.08 and 22.56 per 1,000 live births in 1975, and the rates in 1976 were 18.18 and 13.64. 4. The most common cause of death was cerebrovascular disease and average cause specific death rate for the disease was 215.5 per 100,000 population. 5. Four leading causes of death were non-infectious origin; cerebrovascular disease, malignant neoplasms, senility and suicide. Pulmonary tubeculosis and pneumonia occupied 5th and 9th causes of death. 6. Stomach cancer and hepatoma occupied 61.3% of total death due to malignant neoplasms. 7. Most frequent cause of neonatal death was birth injury. Two deaths due to tetanus were found in 1975, but no death due to this disease was found in 1976. 8. About half of deceased received care from physician before death.

글래드스턴과 다윈주의

김기순 ( Ki Soon Kim ) 한국서양사학회 2009 西洋史論 Vol.0 No.103

As scholar-politician W. E. Gladstone was active in the debates on Darwinism and the struggle between science and religion in late nineteenth-century Britain. Based upon an epistemological position that probability is the guide of life, a position that he derived from the teachings of bishop Butler who was one of the representative theologians of anti-deism in the eighteenth century, Gladstone distinguished science from scientism. He acknowledged that scientific knowledge promoted our understanding of the world, but he did not think that only scientific methods and knowledge counted and, therefore, only scientists had authority over matters scientific, moral, and religious. He was convinced that even scientific knowledge was provisional. As to Darwinism, Gladstone did not believe that evolution was contradictory to the Biblical records and teachings about God. He suggested that evolution was parallel with `argument from design.` But he did not advocate `old` design argument; he thought that evolution was providential and `open-ended.` In the midst of debates about the Darwinian impact on contemporary thought, Gladstone had a fierce dispute with T. H. Huxley over the compatibility of the records of the Genesis with modern scientific knowledge and over the credibility of Jesus`s miracle upon the herd of swine at Gadara. He argued that modern scientific findings largely confirmed the order of creation in the Genesis; Jesus`s swine-miracle at Gadara was to be judged as an authoritative moral and religious act. The Gladstone- Huxley debate on science and religion at the time of Home Rule crisis also reveals that Gladstone thought Home Rule(devolution) as evolution. In believing that revelation and miracle could be reconciled with science, Gladstone`s religion was surprisingly flexible and his position can be best described as `Christian Darwinism.`

연구 논문 : 글래드스턴과 아일랜드 토지문제 -토지법안(1886)의 성격-

김기순 ( Ki Soon Kim ) 영국사학회 2010 영국연구 Vol.23 No.-

연구 논문 : 존 스튜어트 밀의 환경론

김기순 ( Ki Soon Kim ) 영국사학회 2012 영국연구 Vol.27 No.-

밀의 환경론은 정상상태, 사회주의, 생태주의가 서로 긴밀히 연관된 사상이다. (1) 밀의 자연관은 정치경제학과 밀접한 연관을 갖고 있으며, 이 연관성을 잘 보여주는 부분이 정상상태론이다. (2) 정상상태론은 생산자협동조합 사회주의론과 연관되는데, 이 사회주의는 정상상태에서의 산업조직으로서 점진적이고 평화적으로 ‘소유적 개인주의’에 입각한 자본주의를 폐기한다. (3) 밀의 사회주의는 인구 조절과 소규모 공장을 전제할뿐더러 특별히 ‘새로운 인간’의 창출을 확신하는데, 이 인간은 자연에 대한 지성적 개념을 견지하는 생태주의적 인간이다. (4) 밀은 자연의 내재적 가치를 인정하여 그로부터 윤리적 규범을 찾으려는 보존주의적 급진적 환경론과 자연을 오로지 인간의 욕구 충족의 대상으로 보는 자유주의적 자연관도 거부하였다. 그는 궁극적으로 인간이 자연 세계에 의존하며, 따라서 자연을 변화시키는 인간의 행위는 한계를 갖게 되며, 결국 인간의 총체적인 진보를 위해 자연에 대해 합리적이고 절제된 개입을 해야 한다고 주장하였다. 인구 조절, 정상상태, 사회주의를 전제한 이 입장은 인간과 자연의 관계를 지배와 착취가 아니라 조화의 관계로 본다. Recent studies on Mill`s ``green liberalism`` or ecological thought have not paid due attention to the fact that the stationary state and cooperative socialism are inter-related ingredients that constitute Mill`s environmentalism. (1) Mill`s idea of nature is closely related to his political economy, and the discussion of the stationary state in the Principles of Political Economy succinctly expresses this connection. (2) Mill`s idea of the stationary state is also related to his socialism, i.e., producers` cooperative, which is an industrial organization under the stationary state. It gradually and peacefully abolishes capitalism based upon ``possessive individualism``. (3) Mill`s socialism presupposes population control and small-scale factories. It also creates a new man, who has affinity with ``ecological man`` with intelligent conception of nature under the stationary state. (4) Mill considers progress both in terms of moral-intellectual development and emotional-aesthetic culture. The former is available under socialism, the latter in the stationary state. So Mill recommends that we see ourselves as a part of nature, that there be a limit to our efforts to change nature, and that we need rational and moderate intervention to nature for the total progress of mankind, Mill`s environmentalism shows not just a tension but a harmony between man and nature. Mill is neither a radical (conservationist) environmentalist who recognizes intrinsic value in nature, nor a liberal who views nature solely as an object to be exploited for the fulfillment of human desires.

군 결핵 환자의 자아개념과 지식 및 간호요구와의 상관관계 연구

김기순 ( Ki Soon Kim ),전경옥 ( Kyong Ok Jun ),김은희 ( Eun Hee Kim ) 국군간호사관학교 군진간호연구소 1988 군진간호연구 Vol.8 No.-

글래드스턴 2차내각과 고용주책임법 ( 1880 )

김기순 ( Ki Soon Kim ) 한국서양사학회 1996 西洋史論 Vol.50 No.1