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Civil Service Reform in Participatory Government:Civil Service System in Transition
남궁근 서울대학교행정대학원 2007 The Korean Journal of Policy Studies Vol.22 No.1
This paper analyzes the recent reform initiatives of the civil service system in Korea. The modern civil service system was founded during the Park Jung-Hee Administration. The major characteristics of the system can be summarized as a merit-based, rank-oriented, closed career, and centralized management system. The Korean civil service system was instrumental during the period of government-led growth. However, the 1997 financial crisis and the ensuing economic recession instigated the Korean government reform program, including civil service reform. As the package of civil service reform policies has been formulated and implemented during the Kim Dae-Jung and the Roh Moo-Hyun administrations, the Korean civil service system is experiencing a paradigm shift from a rank-oriented, closed-career, seniority-based, and centralized management system to a job-oriented, open-career, performance- based, and decentralized system. This article outlines three factors explaining the transformation. For Korean civil service reform to be successful, implementation is required for a certain period of time. The article discusses several tasks that are necessary for fully achieving the reform goals of the participatory government.
행정학자 시민단체 참여 활동의 성과와 한계: 경실련, 참여연대, 시민행동, 행개련을 중심으로
남궁근 한국행정학회 2007 韓國行政學報 Vol.41 No.4
This paper describes contribution of public administration researchers' participation in nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) on Government Reform. After introducing theories of market failure, government failure, and participatory governance as rationales for NGO participation, the historical growth of NGOs and their relation with the government in Korea were briefly reviewed. The activities of public administration researchers participating in NGOs were analyzed focusing on the cases of Citizens' Coalition on Economic Justice (CCEJ), Peoples Solidarity for Participatory Democracy (PSPD), Citizens' Action, and the Citizens' Coalition for Better Government (CCBG). Characteristics of their activities were analyzed in terms of their roles at the initial stages of NGO formation, policy activities, and participation in the decision-making process within the organization or the organization's governance. It was pointed out that their activities have contributed significantly to the agenda-setting and policy formation in the fields of anti-corruption policies, civil service reform, budgetary reform and monitoring, decentralization policies, and democratization of politics and administration. It was also pointed out that they could not consistently devote much time to the NGO activities, and that they did not prefer radical alternatives and methods of participation such as protest demonstrations. NGO, Government Reform, Public Administration Researcher 우리나라 행정학자들이 시민단체 활동을 통하여 추구하고자 했던 행정개혁의 성과와 한계에 관하여 살펴보았다. 행정학자의 시민단체 참여 배경으로 우리나라 시민단체 현황을 개관하고 이론적 근거로 시장실패와 정부실패의 보완논리, 그리고 참여 거버넌스론을 살펴보았다. 행정학자의 시민단체 참여 현황을 대표적 시민단체인 경실련, 참여연대, 함께하는 시민행동, 행개련의 사례를 통하여 살펴보았다. 행정학자의 참여를 형성단계에서의 참여, 조직의 거버넌스 참여, 그리고 정책 활동 참여로 구분하여 살펴 본 후, 그 특징을 분석하였다. 행정학자들은 시민단체 활동에 참여하면서 반부패개혁, 인사개혁, 예산개혁과 감시, 지방자치, 정치와 행정의 민주화 등 행정개혁을 추진하는데 일정 정도 기여하였다. 한편 시간적 제약 등으로 지속적으로 시민단체 활동에 참여하기 어렵다는 점, 과격한 개혁대안이나 개혁방법을 선호하지 않는 경향 등이 그 한계로 지적되었다.