Effect of High β-glucan Barley on Postprandial Blood Glucose and Insulin Levels in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

( Yukie Fuse ),( Mariko Higa ),( Naoko Miyashita ),( Asami Fujitani ),( Kaoru Yamashita ),( Takamasa Ichijo ),( Seiichiro Aoe ),( Takahisa Hirose ) 한국임상영양학회 2020 Clinical Nutrition Research Vol.9 No.1

The aim of our study was to investigate whether high β-glucan-containing barley (7.2 g per 100 g) improves postprandial plasma glucose levels and suppresses postprandial insulin levels during a meal tolerance test in type 2 diabetic patients. A meal tolerance test (500 kcal) was conducted using two types of test meals: a test meal with white rice (WR) alone (WR diet) and a test meal with WR mixed with 50% barley (BR diet) as staple food. The side dish was the same in the both meals. The changes in plasma glucose and serum C-peptide immunoreactivity (CPR) levels for 180 minutes after ingestion of the test meals were compared. Ten patients with type 2 diabetes (age 52.5 ± 15.1 years, and 7 males and 3 females) were included in this study. The mean HbA1c level and body mass index were 8.8 ± 1.4%, and 29.7 ± 4.5 kg/m², respectively. Plasma glucose levels after ingestion of the WR diet or BR diet peaked at 60 minutes, which showed no significant differences between the two types of test meals. However, the incremental area under the curve (IAUC) of plasma glucose levels after ingestion of BR diet was significantly lower than that of WR diet. The serum CPR levels at 180 min and their IAUC over 180 minutes after ingestion of BR diet were significantly lower than those of WR diet. Conclusion: Increase in postprandial plasma glucose and insulin levels was suppressed by mixing high-β-glucan barley with WR in type 2 diabetic patients.

Effect of Pressure on the Field-induced Ordered Phase in the Heavy-fermion Compound YbCo2Zn20

Tetsuya Takeuchi,Yuki Taga,Shingo Yoshiuchi,Masahiro Ohya,Yusuke Hirose,Fuminori Honda,Rikio Settai,Yoshichika Onuki 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.62 No.12

The effect of pressure on the field-induced ordered phase for H k h111i in the heavy-fermioncompound YbCo2Zn20, which is presumably a field-induced antiferro-quadrupolar (FI-AFQ) phase,was investigated in the pressure range up to 4.5 GPa and under magnetic fields up to 80 kOe. When pressure is applied, the metamagnetic-like transition at Hm =6 kOe shifts to lower fieldsand disappears around the quantum critical pressure Pc 1.8 GPa. A pressure-induced antiferromagnetic(PI-AFM) phase appears at pressures above about 2 GPa, and the critical field Hc ofthe PI-AFM phase increases with increasing pressure. On the other hand, the transition field HQof the FI-AFQ phase decreases gradually without showing any anomalous behavior around Pc andbecomes obscure around 4 GPa, where Hc of the PI-AFM phase and HQ of the FI-AFQ phasebecome comparable. The magnetic field versus pressure, H-P, phase diagram for H k h111i at0.1 K was constructed in the pressure range up to 4.5 GPa.

Effects of lexical accent type on rendaku in noun compounds: evidence from production experiments

( Masaki Sone ),( Yuki Hirose ) 서울대학교 인지과학연구소 2018 Journal of Cognitive Science Vol.19 No.3

This study investigates morpho-phonological processes involved in Noun- Noun compound production, focusing on the interaction between segmental level processing and suprasegmental-level processing. Our production experiments manipulate lexical accent type in the first and second constituents of compounds in Tokyo Japanese, which in turn controls the explicitness of the application of the Compound Accent Rule (CAR). This allows us to examine whether the explicitness of compound processing at the suprasegmental-level influences the occurrence of rendaku, which results from segmental planning in compound production. The study finds that rendaku is more likely to occur when CAR application is obvious from the accent pattern of the second constituent. This result is consistent with an interactive model in which compound construction at a suprasegmental -level facilitates rendaku application at the segmental level. On the other hand, no reliable effect of the accent type of the first constituent was observed. This study thus supports Kawahara and Sano’s (2012, 2014) claim that the original version of Lyman’s law, but not the strong version, plays a role in the process of producing novel compounds.

Effect of High β-glucan Barley on Postprandial Blood Glucose Levels in Subjects with Normal Glucose Tolerance: Assessment by Meal Tolerance Test and Continuous Glucose Monitoring System

( Mariko Higa ),( Yukie Fuse ),( Naoko Miyashita ),( Asami Fujitani ),( Kaoru Yamashita ),( Takamasa Ichijo ),( Seiichiro Aoe ),( Takahisa Hirose ) 한국임상영양학회 2019 Clinical Nutrition Research Vol.8 No.1

The effect of white rice (WR) mixed with high β-glucan-containing barley at 50% on improvement of postprandial blood glucose levels was assessed by meal tolerance test and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in 15 healthy subjects with normal glucose tolerance (age 31.6 ± 12.9 years old, 4 males and 11 females). A meal tolerance test (500 kcal) was conducted using 2 types of test meals: a test meal only with WR and a test meal WR mixed 50% barley, and the side dish was the same in both meals. Blood glucose levels of the subjects 180 minutes after ingestion of the test meals were compared. In addition, a CGM device was attached to the subjects for 2 days when the WR or barley as a staple food was provided 3 times a day for consecutive days, and the daily variation of glucose was investigated. The glucose levels 30 minutes after dietary loads and the area under the blood concentration-time curve over 180 minutes were significantly decreased in the barley consumption group. In CGM, 24-hour mean blood glucose and 24-hour standard deviation of blood glucose were also significantly decreased after ingestion of the barley. Postprandial glucose level elevation was suppressed by mixing high-β-glucan barley with WR in subjects with normal glucose tolerance.

Analysis of genes encoding high-antigenicity polypeptides in three serotypes of <i>Miamiensis avidus</i>

Motokawa, Shogo,Narasaki, Yukie,Song, Jun-Young,Yokoyama, Yoshihiro,Hirose, Euichi,Murakami, Shoko,Jung, Sung-Ju,Oh, Myung-Joo,Nakayama, Kei,Kitamura, Shin-Ichi Elsevier 2018 Parasitology international Vol.67 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The ciliate <I>Miamiensis avidus</I> causes scuticociliatosis in Japanese flounder <I>Paralichthys olivaceus</I>. We previously reported three serotypes of this ciliate distinguishable by serotype-specific antigenic polypeptides (serotype I, 30kDa; serotype II, 38kDa; serotype III, 34kDa). In this study, we determined the localization site of the serotype-specific polypeptides in the ciliate and determined the genes encoding the polypeptides, using the isolates IyoI (serotype I), Nakajima (serotype II), and Mie0301 (serotype III). SDS-PAGE and immunoblot analysis of cilia, membrane proteins, and cytoskeletal elements of the ciliates revealed that the polypeptides were abundant in the former two. Scanning electron microscopy of ciliates immobilized by homologous antiserum showed morphological changes in the cilia. These evidences suggested that the polypeptides were ciliary membrane immobilization antigens. The ciliary genes identified showed low identity scores—<51.5% between serotypes. To differentiate the serotypes, we designed serotype-specific PCR primer sets based on the DNA sequences. The PCR-based serotyping results were completely consistent with conventional serotyping methods (immobilization assay and immunoblot analysis). Twenty of 21 isolates were classified as either serotype I or II, and one isolate was undistinguishable. The combination of species-specific PCR previously reported and three serotype-specific PCR could be useful for identifying, serotyping, and surveillance for occurrences of new serotypes of <I>M. avidus</I>.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Three serotypes of <I>M. avidus</I> were reported in Japan and Korea. </LI> <LI> Serotype-specific polypeptides were identified as ciliary membrane proteins. </LI> <LI> The nucleotide sequences of ORFs were determined. </LI> <LI> Serotype-specific PCR revealed that the pandemic serotypes were serotype I and II. </LI> </UL> </P>

Model Inversion Attack: Analysis under Gray-box Scenario on Deep Learning based Face Recognition System

( Mahdi Khosravy ),( Kazuaki Nakamura ),( Yuki Hirose ),( Naoko Nitta ),( Noboru Babaguchi ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2021 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.15 No.3

In a wide range of ML applications, the training data contains privacy-sensitive information that should be kept secure. Training the ML systems by privacy-sensitive data makes the ML model inherent to the data. As the structure of the model has been fine-tuned by training data, the model can be abused for accessing the data by the estimation in a reverse process called model inversion attack (MIA). Although, MIA has been applied to shallow neural network models of recognizers in literature and its threat in privacy violation has been approved, in the case of a deep learning (DL) model, its efficiency was under question. It was due to the complexity of a DL model structure, big number of DL model parameters, the huge size of training data, big number of registered users to a DL model and thereof big number of class labels. This research work first analyses the possibility of MIA on a deep learning model of a recognition system, namely a face recognizer. Second, despite the conventional MIA under the white box scenario of having partial access to the users' non-sensitive information in addition to the model structure, the MIA is implemented on a deep face recognition system by just having the model structure and parameters but not any user information. In this aspect, it is under a semi-white box scenario or in other words a gray-box scenario. The experimental results in targeting five registered users of a CNN-based face recognition system approve the possibility of regeneration of users' face images even for a deep model by MIA under a gray box scenario. Although, for some images the evaluation recognition score is low and the generated images are not easily recognizable, but for some other images the score is high and facial features of the targeted identities are observable. The objective and subjective evaluations demonstrate that privacy cyber-attack by MIA on a deep recognition system not only is feasible but also is a serious threat with increasing alert state in the future as there is considerable potential for integration more advanced ML techniques to MIA.