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Effects of loose farrowing facilities on reproductive performance in primiparous sows
( Yohan Choi ),( Yejin Min ),( Younghwa Kim ),( Yongdae Jeong ),( Doowan Kim ),( Joeun Kim ),( Hyunjung Jung ) 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2020 한국축산학회지 Vol.62 No.2
The present study investigated the effects of loose farrowing type during gestation and after farrowing on reproductive performance and of lactating sows. A total of 22 primiparous sows (Landrace; average initial body weights [BW], 228.54 ± 12.79 kg) were allotted to one of two treatments on the basis of body weight. Sows were divided into two experimental groups, conventional farrowing crates (CON), and loosed-farrowing pens (LFP). The experiment duration was around 38 days ranging from 10 days before parturition to 28 days after parturition. Gestating sows at the age of 105 d were placed in gestational stalls (group housing). All the sows were fed a common diet according to the National Research Council requirements for lactation. Cross-fostering was performed within 1 day of parturition. From 1 day after weaning, estrus detection was performed twice-daily (0900 and 1730 h) for 10 min by boar exposure. There were significant effects of LFP housing type on the farrowing duration, and farrowing interval. At the farrowing time, none of the litter parameters including total born, stillborn, mummy, born alive piglets and total litter weight and piglet weight were affected. There were no effects of housing type on the mortality of piglets at d 1, 3, 7, 21, and 28. In conclusion, the result of this study showed that there is no performance difference between the crated or LFP sows, which indicate that the LFP housing has the potential to be used as an alternative to the crated house without any detrimental effects in reproduction performance of lactating sows.
Yohan Choi(최요한) 한국노동연구원 2020 노동정책연구 Vol.20 No.1
본 연구는 우리나라를 대상으로 유기계약(temporary contract)과 무기계약(permanent contract) 간의 한계임금분포에 따른 임금격차를 추정하였다. 이를 위하여, 시간당 임금의 로그값과 계약유형 간의 관계를 패널자료와 개인의 고정효과를 통제한 무조건부 분위 회귀분석을 사용하여 추정하였다. 남성과 여성을 구분하여 분석하였으며, 유기계약을 1년 이상 유기계약, 1년 미만 유기계약, 그리고 일용계약의 세 배타적 범주들로 나누어 추가적인 분석을 수행하였다. 본 연구는 유기계약이 무기계약에 비해서 임금페널티를 발생시키고 또한 이 임금페널티는 주로 저임금 근로자들에게 집중되어 있다는 것을 발견하였으며, 또한 특정한 유기계약 형태를 가진 저임금 근로자들은 매우 높은 임금페널티를 받는 것으로 나타났다. This study examines the wage difference between temporary and permanent contracts across the marginal wage distribution in South Korea. For this, I estimate the relationship between the log value of hourly wage and contract types using Korean panel data and unconditional quantile regression with individual fixed-effects. I analyze men and women separately and carry out additional analyses by classifying temporary contracts into three exclusive categories : temporary contracts of one year or more, temporary contracts of less than one year, and casual contracts. The results show that temporary contracts incur a wage penalty relative to permanent contracts and this wage penalty is largely concentrated on low-wage workers, and also that low-wage workers with specific forms of temporary contracts appear to receive a severe wage penalty.
Association of Microbial Dysbiosis with Gallbladder Diseases Identified by Bile Microbiome Profiling
Choi Seong Ji,Kim Yeseul,Jeon Jehyun,Gwak Ho-Jin,Kim Mimi,Kang Kyojin,Kim Yohan,Jeong Jaemin,Jung Yun Kyung,Lee Kyeong Geun,Choi Ho Soon,Jung Dong-Hwan,Lee Sung-Gyu,Lee Yangsoon,Shin Su-Jin,Jang Kiseo 대한의학회 2021 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.36 No.28
Background: Cholecystitis is an important risk factor for gallbladder cancer, but the bile microbiome and its association with gallbladder disease has not been investigated fully. We aimed to analyze the bile microbiome in normal conditions, chronic cholecystitis, and gallbladder cancer, and to identify candidate bacteria that play an important role in gallbladder carcinogenesis. Methods: We performed metagenome sequencing on bile samples of 10 healthy individuals, 10 patients with chronic cholecystitis, and 5 patients with gallbladder cancer, and compared the clinical, radiological, and pathological characteristics of the participants. Results: No significant bacterial signal was identified in the normal bile. The predominant dysbiotic bacteria in both chronic cholecystitis and gallbladder cancer were those belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Klebsiella increased significantly in the order of normal, chronic cholecystitis, and gallbladder cancer. Patients with chronic cholecystitis and dysbiotic microbiome patterns had larger gallstones and showed marked epithelial atypia, which are considered as precancerous conditions. Conclusion: We investigated the bile microbiome in normal, chronic cholecystitis, and gallbladder cancer. We suggest possible roles of Enterobacteriaceae, including Klebsiella, in gallbladder carcinogenesis. Our findings reveal a possible link between a dysbiotic bile microbiome and the development of chronic calculous cholecystitis and gallbladder cancer.