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        Endoscopic Submucosal Tunnel Dissection for Upper Gastrointestinal Submucosal Tumors Originating from the Muscularis Propria Layer: A Single-Center Study

        ( Xiaowei Tang ),( Yutang Ren ),( Silin Huang ),( Qiaoping Gao ),( Jieqiong Zhou ),( Zhengjie Wei ),( Bo Jiang ),( Wei Gong ) 대한간학회 2017 Gut and Liver Vol.11 No.5

        Background/Aims: In recent years, endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection (ESTD) has gained popularity worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ESTD in treating upper gastrointestinal submucosal tu-mors (SMTs) in a large-volume endoscopic center. Methods: Patients with SMTs were enrolled in this study between January 2012 and January 2015. Demographic data, clinical data, and treatment outcome were collected and analyzed. Results: Seventy SMTs originating from the muscularis pro-pria (MP) layer were identified in 69 patients. All patients successfully underwent the ESTD procedure. The mean procedure time was 49.0±29.5 minutes, and the mean tu-mor size was 18.7±7.2 mm. Among all lesions, the majority (70.0%) were located in the esophagus, 12.9% in the cardia, and 17.1% in the stomach. Complete resection was achieved in 67 lesions (95.7%). Perforation occurred in three patients (4.3%), who were treated by endoclips. Pneumothorax oc-curred in two patients (2.9%) and was successfully managed by thoracic drainage. During a median follow-up of 18.1 months, patients were free of local recurrence or distant metastasis. Conclusions: Our results demonstrated the fea-sibility and safety of ESTD in treating upper gastrointestinal SMTs originating from the MP layer. Large-scale comparative studies with other treatment methods should be conducted in the future. (Gut Liver 2017;11:620-627)

      • KCI등재후보

        论WTO上诉机构改革方案

        마광 ( Ma Guang ),황사림 ( Huang Silin ) 안암법학회 2021 안암 법학 Vol.- No.62

        세계무역기구의 상소기관은 20 년 이상의 발전 및 운영에 있어 공정하고 효율적인 분쟁해결을 촉진했지만 동시에 자체 문제가 점차 드러나고 개혁의 목소리가 점점 높아지고 있다. 최근 몇 년 동안 WTO 회원국 앞에 개혁문제가 제기되었고 이와 관련하여 회원국들은 개혁 여부에 대한 합의에 도달했다. 그러나 상소기관의 절차 규칙, 운영 제약의 감독, 협상 메커니즘에 대해서는 이견이 존재한다. 본 논문은 상소기관의 현재 위기를 출발점으로 삼아 상소기관의 시스템 문제, 장기 운영에 존재하는 문제, 상소위원 선발 및 임명 문제, 그리고 지난 2년 동안 WTO 회원국들이 제시한 제안의 합리성을 분석하고, 상소기관의 다양한 문제에 대한 실현 가능한 개혁방안을 제안하려고 한다. 본 논문은 결론을 포함하여 4개 부분으로 나뉘는데, 1부에서는 상소기관 정지의 위기와 현황을 소개하고, 2부에서는 해석권, 선발절차 등 5가지 측면에서 상소기관의 문제점을 주로 분석한다. 세 번째 부분에서는 WTO 회원국과 일부 전문가 및 학자들이 제시한 개혁방안을 분석하고 개혁 제안을 제시한다. The appellate body of the World Trade Organization (WTO) has promoted the fair and efficient settlement of disputes in the development and operation of more than two decades, but at the same time its own problems are gradually revealed, and the voice of reform is increasingly louder.In recent years, it’s dilemma has put the issue of reform in front of WTO members. Members have reached a consensus on whether to reform or not. However, there are different opinions on the procedural rules of the appellate body, the supervision of operational constraints and the consultation and negotiation mechanism. All parties have their own considerations and interests.Taking the current crisis of the appellate body as the starting point, this paper analyzes the system problems of the appellate body, the problems existing in the long-term operation, the selection and appointment problems, and analyzes the rationality of the proposals put forward by WTO members in the past two years, and tries to propose feasible reform plans for the different problems of the appellate body. This paper is divided into four parts including the conclusion.The first part introduces the crisis and current situation of the suspension of appellate body. The second part mainly analyzes the problems of the appellate body in five aspects, such as the right of interpretation and the development of selection procedure. The third part analyzes the reform plan put forward by WTO members and some experts and scholars, and puts forward reform Suggestions.

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