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Diverse characters of Brennan’s paw incision model regarding certain parameters in the rat
Rahul Kumar Sharma,Shivani Gupta,Mayank Gautam,Saroj Kaler Jhajhria,Subrata Basu Ray 대한통증학회 2019 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.32 No.3
Background: Brennan’s rodent paw incision model has been extensively used for understanding mechanisms underlying postoperative pain in humans. However, alterations of physiological parameters like blood pressure and heart rate, or even feeding and drinking patterns after the incision have not been documented as yet. Moreover, though eicosanoids like prostaglandins and leukotrienes contribute to inflammation, tissue levels of these inflammatory mediators have never been studied. This work further investigates the antinociceptive effect of protein C after intra-wound administration.Methods: Separate groups of Sprague–Dawley rats were used for quantitation of cyclooxygenase (COX) activity and leukotriene B4 level by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, as well as estimation of cardiovascular parameters and feeding and drinking behavior after paw incision. In the next part, rats were subjected to in-cision and 10 g of protein C was locally administered by a micropipette. Both evoked and non-evoked pain parameters were then estimated.Results: COX, particularly COX-2 activity and leukotriene B4 levels increased after incision. Hemodynamic parameters were normal. Feeding and drinking were affected on days 1 and 3, and on day 1, respectively. Protein C attenuated non-evoked pain behavior alone up to day 2. Conclusions: Based upon current observations, Brennan’s rodent paw incision model appears to exhibit a prolonged period of nociception similar to that after surgery, with minimal interference of physiological parameters. Protein C, which is likely converted to activated protein C in the wound, attenuated the guarding score, which probably represents pain at rest after surgery in humans.
Residual gall bladder: An emerging disease after safe cholecystectomy
Vikas Gupta,Anil Kumar Sharma,Pradeep Kumar,Mantavya Gupta,Ajay Gulati,Saroj Kant Sinha,Rakesh Kochhar 한국간담췌외과학회 2019 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.23 No.4
Backgrounds/Aims: Residual gallbladder mucosa left after subtotal/partial cholecystectomy is prone to develop recurrent lithiasis and become symptomatic, which mandates surgical removal. Methods: we retrospectively evaluated the patients with residual gallbladder referred to us from January 2011 to December 2017. Based on MRCP we classified calot’s anatomy to – type I where cystic duct was seen and type II where sessile GB stump was seen. Results: 21 patients with median age 38 years and M:F::1:9.5, had undergone cholecystectomy (3 months-20 years) prior, presented with recurrent biliary pain. 3 had jaundice (CBD stone, Mirizzi and biliary stricture), 1 had pancreatitis and one had malignancy of the GB. Imaging revealed type I anatomy in 14 (67%) and type II in 7 (33%). All underwent completion cholecystectomy – open in 18 and laparoscopic in 3 (one converted to open). Additional procedure was required in 5 patients – CBD exploration in 2 (10%) and one each Hepatico-jejunostomy, extended cholecystectomy and splenectomy. Median hospital stay was 1 day. There was no mortality and 10% morbidity. One patient with malignancy died at 2 years, two died of unrelated cause, one developed incisional hernia and the remaining were well at a median follow up of 29 months. Conclusions: Residual GB lithiasis should be suspected if there are recurrent symptoms after cholecystectomy. MRCP based proposed classification can guide the management strategy. Completion cholecystectomy is curative.
Development of a Triggering Arrangement For the KALI-30GW MARX Generator
S. Mitra,T. S. Kolge,Ritu Agarwal,P. C. Saroj,Ankur Patel,K. Senthil,Vishnu Sharma,S. V. Tewari,Archana Sharma,K. C. Mittal 한국물리학회 2015 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.66 No.4
This paper reports the design methodology and implementation experiments for a solid-statebasedtriggering arrangement for the MARX generator of the KALI-30GW (1 MV, 30 kA, 80 ns)pulsed power system. The 15-stage bipolar MARX generator of the KALI-30GW system is triggeredusing a trigatron-type spark gap. An insulated-gate bipolar-transistor (IGBT)-based trigger supplyis used to trigger the first spark gap, and the next two spark gaps are triggered by using internallygeneratedtrigger pulses. Optically-isolated arrangements are provided for a human interface. Theentire assembly was tested with a dummy copper sulphate load, and an excellent triggering rangeof 7 − 12 kV was achieved. The circuit diagram, analysis and experimental results of the triggeringarrangement are presented in the paper.