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Min, Kyeong Su,Manivannan, Ramalingam,Son, Young-A. Elsevier 2019 Dyes and pigments Vol.162 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A visible-light sensitized, superhydrophobic, self-cleaning Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fabric exhibiting photocatalytic dye degrading properties has been prepared by depositing anatase TiO<SUB>2</SUB>, porphyrin (TPPS, CuTPPS), and trimethoxy(octadecyl)silane (Si) onto the PET samples. The modified PET fabric showed superhydrophobicity, exhibiting a water contact angle (WCA) of 147°, and the ability to photodegrade rhodamine dye (RB), and the dye degradation ability of the modified fabric under visible light was monitored at different time intervals by UV–Vis spectroscopy. The degradation efficiency was found to be in the order PET/TiO<SUB>2</SUB>/TPPS > PET/TiO<SUB>2</SUB>/TPPS/Si > PET/TiO<SUB>2</SUB>/CuTPPS > PET/TiO<SUB>2</SUB>/CuTPPS/Si > PET/TiO<SUB>2</SUB> > PET. The photodegradation ability and superhydrophobicity of the modified PET samples in relation to coffee and ketchup stains were examined qualitatively. Due to its superhydrophobicity, water soluble impurities/coffee drops roll off the surface of the modified PET fabrics, resulting in stain-free fabric. The fabrics were characterized by UV–Vis, FESEM, XRD and XPS. The structures of the synthesized porphyrin and TiO<SUB>2</SUB> were confirmed by <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR spectroscopy and XRD analysis, respectively.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> PET samples were modified to exhibit dual self-cleaning property. </LI> <LI> The photodegradation of dye stains in PET samples were achieved by inclusion of TiO<SUB>2</SUB> and porphyrin. </LI> <LI> Superhydrophobic behavior obtained by modifying the PET with trimethoxyoctadecylsilane </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Kim, Myeong Jin,Manivannan, Ramalingam,Kim, Ick Jin,Son, Young-A. Elsevier Sequoia 2017 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.253 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A new colorimetric and fluorometric chemosensor was developed and synthesized that showed both color and fluorescence changes upon the addition of cyanide ion in 80% aq. DMSO solution and in the solid phase. The chemosensor showed a selective and sensitive response to cyanide ion over other common anions such as F<SUP>−</SUP>, Cl<SUP>−</SUP>, Br<SUP>−</SUP>, I<SUP>−</SUP>, H<SUB>2</SUB>PO<SUB>4</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP>, NO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP> and AcO<SUP>−</SUP>. The binding stoichiometry between the receptor and cyanide ions was found to be 1:2 ratio, and the detection of cyanide occurred through deprotonation coupled with intermolecular proton transfer, which was confirmed by a <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR titration experiment. The detection limit was calculated to be 7.49nM, which is much lower than the permissible limit set by WHO (1.9μM).</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A new fluorene-aminomalenonitrile based receptor for cyanide ion in both aqueous and solid phase. </LI> <LI> The mechanism of sensing involves deprotonation coupled with intermolecular proton transfer. </LI> <LI> The receptor showed color change from yellow to red and also fluorescence turn-on response. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Min, Kyeong Su,Manivannan, Ramalingam,Son, Young-A Elsevier 2018 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.261 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A new chemosensor based on a fluorene-rhodamine conjugate was designed and synthesized for the selective recognition of Hg<SUP>2+</SUP> ion in 80% aq. DMF. The receptor is highly selective and sensitive towards mercury ions over other metal ions in both normal and UV light. A binding constant on the order of 10<SUP>5</SUP> was calculated using the fluorescence technique, indicating that the receptor strongly bound the mercury ion. The type of binding and the sensing mechanism were confirmed by <SUP>1</SUP>H, <SUP>13</SUP>C NMR and FT-IR spectral studies. The mechanism by which the receptor senses mercury ions is through rhodamine ring opening process. The prepared <B>R</B>/polyurethane electro spun nanofiber could selectively sense Hg<SUP>2+</SUP> ions in the form of a strip. Finally, the synthesized receptor could be used as a digital printing material and showed a good response to sensing mercury in 100% water.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A rhodamine-fluorene based receptor senses Hg(II) ion selectively in 80% aq. DMF solution. </LI> <LI> The mechanism of sensing is mediated through bond energy transfer. </LI> <LI> The sensor receptor was printed as a digital printing ink material and showed color change for mercury ion. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
A reaction based colorimetric chemosensor for the detection of cyanide ion in aqueous solution
Kim, Ick Jin,Ramalingam, Manivannan,Son, Young-A. Elsevier 2017 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.246 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A conjugated naphthoquinone-benzothiazole (<B>R</B>) system was developed and characterized and its cyanide sensing properties were monitored in 80% aqueous DMF solution. Cyanide ions react with the receptor through a nucleophilic addition reaction, resulting in immediate color change that can be viewed and monitored colorimetrically and fluorimerically. Optical properties of <B>R</B> were not affected by the addition of other common anions in the presence and absence of cyanide ions. A test strip based on <B>R</B> was fabricated and could act as a convenient test kit to detect cyanide ions. Thus, the receptor can be used as an effective probe to detect cyanide ions in aqueous solution.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A naphthoquinone-benzothiazole based chemosensor for the detection of cyanide is described. </LI> <LI> The color of the receptor changed from yellow to colorless with the addition of cyanide ion. </LI> <LI> The mechanism of sensing involves nucleophilic addition of CN<SUP>−</SUP> to the benzothiazole CN bond. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Investigation of reversible self-thermochromism in microencapsulated fluoran-based materials
Kim, Ick Jin,Ramalingam, Manivannan,Son, Young-A. Elsevier 2018 Dyes and pigments Vol.151 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In the present study, eight self-thermochromic fluorans (<B>STC1-STC8</B>) were synthesized, and their reversible thermochromic properties were investigated without the use of a color developer. This work demonstrated the role of the phenol group on ring c on the thermochromic reversibility of the fluorans. Furthermore, the two-component mixtures that contained fluorans and methyl stearate were used to examine the thermochromic behaviors of the fluorans with steady heating and cooling rates. The thermochromic properties of the fluorans were evaluated using solid-state UV-Vis, reflectance and FT-IR spectroscopic techniques. DFT calculations were conducted to justify the optical behaviors of the fluorans in their spirolactam forms (<B>STC1-STC8</B>) and cationic forms (<B>STC1+- STC8+</B>). Finally, <B>STC1</B> was successfully microencapsulated and applied in acrylic fiber to use as thermal indicators.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Eight new self-thermochromic fluorans (<B>STC1-STC8</B>) were designed and synthesized. </LI> <LI> The system exhibit a striking color change from colorless (heating) to deep red (cooling). </LI> <LI> <B>STC1</B> was microencapsulated and used as a thermal indicator. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Kim, Myeong Jin,Angupillai, Satheshkumar,Min, Kyeongsu,Ramalingam, Manivannan,Son, Young-A. American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.29
<P>The topochemical polymerization of diacetylenes (DAs) is closely related to the length of their alkyl chain. DA monomers have two types of alkyl chain side groups: the inner alkyl chain and the outer alkyl chain, that is, the peripheral alkyl chain. Herein, we designed and synthesized a series of DA monomers that possess bis-amide linkages with different peripheral alkyl chains (<I>n</I> = 6-9; <B>DA1-DA4</B>). The peripheral alkyl chain length of these DA monomers exhibits an odd/even effect on topochemical polymerization. The polymerization of DAs was achieved only when <I>n</I> is an odd number, whereas no polymerization occurred when n is an even number. The odd/even effect on the topochemical polymerization was also investigated using ab initio density functional theory calculations. The thermochromic reversibility of polydiacetylenes (PDAs) was investigated using UV-vis absorption spectroscopy at temperatures ranging from 20 to 60 °C. Monomer <B>DA2</B> was used as a single-component ink solution in a fountain pen that can be transformed into thermochromic letters on conventional paper. Furthermore, a PDA-embedded polyethylene oxide film was included to monitor the thermochromic reversibility and was found to exhibit excellent thermochromic reversibility between 20 and 100 °C and stability, enabling storage for a few months without deformation. Finally, a green-colored patterned polymer film is readily obtained by a subtractive color (blue and yellow) mixing method and exhibits high thermochromic reversibility at temperatures between 20 and 100 °C.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>