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( Shunji Ohara ),( Kenji Furuta ),( Kyoichi Adachi ),( Kousuke Fukazawa ),( Masahito Aimi ),( Masaharu Miki ),( Yoshikazu Kinoshita ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2013 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.19 No.4
Background/Aims The sensitivity of the upper and lower esophageal mucosa to acid is considered to differ. We investigated the relationship between pH changes in different sites of the esophagus and generation of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms during an acid infusion test. Methods An acid infusion catheter was placed at 5 or 15 cm above the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) in 18 healthy volunteers, while a 2-channel pH sensor catheter was also placed in each with the sensors set at 5 and 15 cm above the LES. Solutions containing water and hydrochloric acid at different concentrations were infused through the infusion catheter. Results Acid infusion in the upper esophagus caused a pH drop in both upper and lower esophageal sites, whereas that in the lower esophagus resulted in a significant pH drop only in the lower without a corresponding pH decline in the upper esophagus. Stronger heartburn, chest pain, and chest oppression symptoms were noted when acid was infused in the upper as compared to the lower esophagus, while increased intra-esophageal acidity strengthened each symptom. Regurgitations caused by upper and lower esophageal acid infusions were similar, and not worsened by a larger drop in intra-esophageal pH. Chest pain was caused only by lowered intra-esophageal pH, while heartburn, chest oppression, and regurgitation were induced by a less acidic solution. Conclusions Higher intra-esophageal acidity caused stronger heartburn, chest pain, and chest oppression symptoms. However, regurgitation was not significantly influenced by intra-esophageal acidity. The upper esophagus showed higher acid sensitivity than the lower esophagus. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2013;19:503-508)
Effects of Rikkunshito (TJ-43) on Esophageal Motor Function and Gastroesophageal Reflux
( Terumi Morita ),( Kenji Furuta ),( Kyoichi Adachi ),( Shunji Ohara ),( Takashi Tanimura ),( Kenji Koshino ),( Tomochika Uemura ),( Kohji Naora ),( Yoshikazu Kinoshita ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 (구 대한소화관운동학회) 2012 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.18 No.2
Background/Aims Rikkunshito (TJ-43), an herbal medicine, has been demonstrated to relieve gastroesophageal reflux symptoms. However, the effects of TJ-43 on esophageal motor functions have not been fully determined. This double-blind crossover study was performed to investigate the effects of TJ-43 on esophageal motor functions and gastroesophageal reflux. Methods The subjects were 10 normal male volunteers. Lower esophageal sphincter pressure and esophageal body peristaltic contractions with and without 1-week administration of TJ-43 were examined in a crossover fashion. Post-prandial gastroesophageal reflux was also determined using a multi-channel impedance pH dual monitor. Results TJ-43 at a standard dose of 7.5 g/day did not significantly augment esophageal peristaltic contraction pressure measured in the proximal, middle and distal segments of the esophagus, whereas increment of resting lower esophageal sphincter pressure was observed in a supine position. In addition, TJ-43 administration did not decrease post-prandial gastroesophageal acid, non-acid reflux events or accelerate esophageal clearance time. Conclusions TJ-43 at a standard dose did not have a significant effect on esophageal motor activity or gastroesophageal reflux in healthy adults.
( Yuzuru Toki ),( Ryo Yamauchi ),( Eizo Kayashima ),( Kyoichi Adachi ),( Kiyohiko Kishi ),( Hiroshi Suetsugu ),( Tsuneya Wada ),( Hiroyoshi Endo ),( Hajime Yamada ),( Satoshi Osaga ),( Takeshi Kamiya 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2022 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.28 No.1
Background/Aims Although risk factors of reflux esophagitis (RE) have been investigated in numerous cross-sectional studies, little is known about predictive factors associated with future onset of RE. We investigated time courses of clinical parameters before RE onset by a longitudinal case-control study using health checkup records. Methods We used health checkup records between April 2004 and March 2014 at 9 institutions in Japan. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate associations of baseline clinical parameters with RE. The time courses of the clinical parameters of RE subjects were compared with those of non-RE subjects by the mixed-effects models for repeated measures analysis or longitudinal multivariate logistic analysis. Results Initial data were obtained from 230 056 individuals, and 2066 RE subjects and 4132 non-RE subjects were finally included in the analysis. Body mass index, alanine aminotransferase, smoking, acid reflux symptoms, hiatal hernia, and absence of atrophic gastritis at baseline were independently associated with RE. The time courses of body mass index, fasting blood sugar, triglyceride, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, percentages of acid reflux symptoms, feeling of fullness, and hiatal hernia in the RE group were significantly worse than in the non-RE group. Conclusions The RE group displayed a greater worsening of the clinical parameters associated with lifestyle diseases, including obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and fatty liver for 5 years before RE onset compared with the non-RE group. These results suggest that RE is a lifestyle disease and thus lifestyle guidance to at-risk person may help to prevent RE onset. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2022;28:86-94)
( Masahito Aimi ),( Kenji Furuta ),( Yoshiya Morito ),( Kousuke Fukazawa ),( Kyoichi Adachi ),( Yoshikazu Kinoshita ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2013 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.19 No.1
Background/Aims Esophagogastric junctional lesions, such as mucosal breaks with Los Angeles grade A or B reflux esophagitis, lacerations in Mallory Weiss syndrome, and short segment Barrett`s esophagus, are mainly found in the right anterior wall of the distal esophagus. Asymmetrical lower esophageal sphincter pressure and resting radial asymmetrical acid reflux may be causes of this asymmetrical distribution of reflux esophagitis and short segment Barrett`s esophagus. We developed a novel pH and pressure catheter to investigate the asymmetrical distributions of pH and intra-esophageal pressure in the distal esophagus. Methods One healthy male volunteer was enrolled in this study. Acid reflux and motor function in distal esophagus was investigated using simultaneous measurements of intra-esophageal pH and pressure in 8 directions with novel sensor catheter. Results Thirty-six acid and weak acid reflux events were observed, of which 22 were circumferential refluxes with pH drops in all channels and 14 were partial refluxes with pH drops in some channels. Increase in transient circumferential intraesophageal pressure was observed just after 72.7% of the circumferential reflux and 42.9% of the partial reflux events. Conclusions Using a novel sensor catheter, 2 different types of acid reflux events were identified in the present study. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2013; 19:42-46).
Hiroshi Kumagai,Koichi Toyoda,Mizunori Ezaki,Minoru Obara,Kyoichi Adachi 慶熙大學校 레이저 工學硏究所 1996 레이저공학 Vol.7 No.-
Epitaxial rare-earth (Re: Nd and Yb) and transition-metal (Tm:Cr) doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Re??:Y??Al??O??) films have been grown on various substrates by pulsed laser deposition for the purpose of fabricating diode-pumped waveguide microchip lasers. The films were characterized by Rutherford backscattering, x-ray diffraction, and photoluminescence measurements. TheseNd:YAG films on (100) silicon substrate having a large lattice mismatch show oriented stoichiometric growth. On the other hand, the films of Nd, Yb and Cr doped YAG on garnet substrates show the epitaxial growth with the smooth surfaces. Their characterization of rare-earth doped YAG thin films on various substrates was comparable to that of the rare-earth doped YAG bulk laser crystals.
Influence of Full-body Water Immersion on Esophageal Motor Function and Intragastric Pressure
( Masahito Aimi ),( Kenji Furuta ),( Tsukasa Saito ),( Shino Shimura ),( Kousuke Fukazawa ),( Shunji Ohara ),( Goichi Uno ),( Hiroshi Tobita ),( Kyoichi Adachi ),( Yoshikazu Kinoshita ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 (구 대한소화관운동학회) 2012 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.18 No.2
Background/Aims In Japan, it is customary to take a daily bath during which the body is immersed in water to the neck. During full-body im - mersion, hydrostatic pressure is thought to compress the chest and abdomen, which might influence esophageal motor function and intragastric pressure. However, whether water immersion has a significant influence on esophageal motor function or intragastric pressure has not been shown. The aim of this study was to clarify the influence of full-body water immersion on esophageal motor function and intragastric pressure. Methods Nine healthy male volunteers (mean age 40.1 ± 2.8 years) were enrolled in this study. Esophageal motor function and intragastric pressure were investigated using a high-resolution 36-channel manometry device. Results All subjects completed the study protocol. Intragastric pressure increased significantly from 4.2 ± 1.1 to 20.6 ± 1.4 mmHg with full-body water immersion, while the lower esophageal high pressure zone (LEHPZ) value also increased from 20.5 ± 2.2 to 40.4 ± 3.6 mmHg, with the latter being observed regardless of dietary condition. In addition, peak esophageal peristaltic pressure was higher when immersed as compared to standing out of water. Conclusions Esophageal motor function and intragastric pressure were altered by full-body water immersion. Furthermore, the pressure gradient between LEHPZ and intragastric pressures was maintained at a high level, and esophageal peristaltic pressure was elevated with immersion.