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( K. Manivannan ),( C. G. Ravichandran ),( B. Sakthi Karthi Durai ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2014 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.8 No.11
This paper considers a wideband cognitive radio network (WCRN) which can simultaneously sense multiple narrowband channels and thus aggregate the detected available channels for transmission and studies the ergodic throughput of the WCRN that operated under: the wideband sensing-based spectrum sharing (WSSS) scheme and the wideband opportunistic spectrum access (WOSA) scheme. In our analysis, besides the average interference power constraint at PU, the average transmit power constraint of SU is also considered for the two schemes and a novel cognitive radio sensing frame that allows data transmission and spectrum sensing at the same time is utilized, and then the maximization throughput problem is solved by developing a gradient projection method. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to verify the performance of the two proposed schemes.
Mishra, P.K.,Pathak, N.,Manivannan, B.,Lohiya, N.K. The Korean Society of Pharmacognosy 2000 Natural Product Sciences Vol.6 No.1
The chloroform extract of the seeds of Carica papaya has been screened for the hormonal properties using ovariectomized female rats for estrogenicity, estrogen primed immature rats for progestogenicity and castrated adult male rats for androgenicity. The results revealed that the extract lacks progestogenicity and androgenicity as evident from the failure of the extract treated animals to mimic progestogen and androgen related changes in the target tissues. The increased weight of vagina and uterus, open status of vagina, cornified and epithelial cells in the vaginal smears and hypertrophy in the uterine epithelium, endometrium and stroma with increased glycogen and sialic acid content in the uterus of the chloroform extract treated animals, which are comparable to those of the ovariectomized estrogen treated animals, suggest that the chloroform extract possesses mild estrogenic activity.
Ethirajan, Manivannan,Joshi, Penny,William, White H.,Ohkubo, Kei,Fukuzumi, Shunichi,Pandey, Ravindra K. American Chemical Society 2011 Organic letters Vol.13 No.8
<P>Both bacteriopyropheophorbide-<I>a</I> and ring-B reduced pyropheophorbide-<I>a</I> on reacting with NBS (<I>N</I>-bromosuccinamide) undergo electrophilic bromination to provide 10-bromo analogs. The electronic nature of the substituents present at position-3 did not make any difference in the regioselective outcome of the brominated products. These relatively stable brominated chlorins and bacteriochlorins provide an easy way of introducing a wide variety of functionalities, which could be extremely useful in developing improved agents for biomedical applications and supramolecular chemistry.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/orlef7/2011/orlef7.2011.13.issue-8/ol200314v/production/images/medium/ol-2011-00314v_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ol200314v'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Lakshmanamoorthy K.,Manivannan S. 한국탄소학회 2024 Carbon Letters Vol.34 No.1
Achieving cost-effective and defect-free graphene sheets is highly desirable for sensor devices. Aiming this, few-layer graphene (~ 3) sheets are prepared by an electrochemical exfoliation with [NMP] [HSO4] electrolyte (i.e., Bronsted acidic ionic liquid). A novel approach for the effective exfoliation of graphene sheets is demonstrated by (i) simultaneously applying a constant potential through an electrochemical cell (with different electrolyte concentrations) and (ii) together with sonication. The exfoliated graphene sheets are characterized through state-of-the-art techniques and sprayed on a glass substrate at optimum conditions. Thus, the transparent conducting sensor device is fabricated with a suitable contact electrode and used for ammonia vapor sensing and the sensor performances are highly dependent on the concentration of the ionic liquid used during the electrochemical exfoliation. The sensing response and limit of detection for the exfoliated graphene-based film were calculated as 3.56% and 432 ppb, respectively. Further studies indicated that the fabricated sensors are more selective towards ammonia molecules with quick response and recovery times.
Hall anomaly in CNT-doped Y-123 high temperature superconductor
Dadras, S.,Manivannan, N.,Kim, K.H.,Daadmehr, V.,Akhavan, M. North-Holland 2010 Physica. C, Superconductivity Vol.470 No.5
In order to study the Hall effect in pure and CNT-doped Y-123 polycrystalline samples, we have measured the longitudinal and transverse voltages at different magnetic field (0-9T) in the normal and vortex states. In the normal state, the Hall coefficient is positive and decreases with increasing temperature, and can be approximately fitted to R<SUB>H</SUB>=a+bT<SUP>-1</SUP>. We have found a sign reversal in the pure sample for the magnetic field of about 3T, and double sign reversal of the Hall coefficient in the 0.7wt% CNT-doped sample at about 3 and 5T. The Hall resistivity in our samples depends on the pinning.
M. Vijay,K. Ramachandran,P.V. Ananthapadmanabhan,B. Nalini,B.C. Pillai,Federica Bondioli,A. Manivannan,R.T. Narendhirakannan 한국물리학회 2013 Current Applied Physics Vol.13 No.3
Nanocrystalline TiO2 powder is synthesized using a novel reactive plasma process in which the precursor TiH2 powder is oxidized through thermal plasma in-flight route to generate nanocrystalline TiO2 powder. The synthesized powder consists of nano-sized TiO2 particles, both anatase and rutile phases, in which anatase is the predominant phase. An additional feature of the plasma synthesized TiO2 powder is the higher surface concentration of Ti3þ state and hydroxyl group that enhance its photocatalytic activity. The photocatalytic inactivation of Gram-positive Enterococcus and Gram-negative Klebsiella bacteria is studied using the plasma synthesized TiO2 nanopowder with 365 nm ultraviolet (UV) light. The mechanism behind the photocatalytic disinfection of bacteria is discussed. The plasma synthesized TiO2 nanopowder catalyst is found effective in killing Enterococcus and Klebsiella. The results corroborated that the plasma synthesized TiO2 powder can be used for waste water treatment and water purification.
Williams, MichaelP. A.,Ethirajan, Manivannan,Ohkubo, Kei,Chen, Ping,Pera, Paula,Morgan, Janet,White, William H.,Shibata, Masayuki,Fukuzumi, Shunichi,Kadish, Karl M.,Pandey, Ravindra K. American ChemicalSociety 2011 Bioconjugate chemistry Vol.22 No.11
<P>Purpurinimide methyl esters, bearing variable lengthsof N-substitutions,were conjugated individually to a cyanine dye with a carboxylic acidfunctionality. The results obtained from <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> studies showed a significant impactof the linkers joining the phototherapeutic and fluorescence imagingmoieties. The photosensitizer–fluorophore conjugate with aPEG linker showed the highest uptake in the liver, whereas the conjugatelinked with two carbon units showed excellent tumor-imaging and PDTefficacy at 24 h postinjection. Whole body imaging and biodistributionstudies at variable time points portrayed enhanced fluorescent uptakeof the conjugates in the tumor compared to that in the skin. Interestingly,the conjugate with the shortest linker and the one joining with twocarbon units showed faster clearance from normal organs, e.g., theliver, kidney, spleen, and lung, compared to that in tumors. Bothimaging and PDT efficacy of the conjugates were performed in BALB/cmice bearing Colon26 tumors. Compared to the others, the short linkerconjugate showed poor tumor fluorescent properties and as a corollarydoes not exhibit the dual functionality of the photosensitizer–fluorophoreconjugate. For this reason, it was not evaluated for <I>in vivo</I> PDT efficacy. However, in Colon26 tumor cells (<I>in vitro</I>), the short linker was highly effective. Among the conjugates withvariable linkers, the rate of energy transfer from the purpurinimidemoiety to the cyanine moiety increased with deceasing linker length,as examined by femtosecond laser flash photolysis measurements. Noelectron transfer from the purpurinimide moiety to the singlet excitedstate of the cyanine moiety or from the singlet excited state of thecyanine moiety to the purpurinimide moiety occurred as indicated bya comparison of transient absorption spectra with spectra of the one-electronoxidized and one-electron reduced species of the conjugate obtainedby spectroelectrochemical measurements.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/bcches/2011/bcches.2011.22.issue-11/bc200345p/production/images/medium/bc-2011-00345p_0016.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/bc200345p'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>