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Bingxian Chen,Yan Tan,Ying CHENG,Cheng-Min NONG 국립부경대학교 글로벌지역학연구소 2023 Journal of Global and Area Studies(JGA) Vol.7 No.4
Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) has consistently been China’s closest trading partner, and Guangxi Province has emerged as a vital trading hub connecting China and ASEAN, owing to its unique geographical location and supportive government policies. Although Guangxi’s service trade has grown significantly due to the Belt and Road Initiative, its global competitiveness remains relatively weak, and there is room for improvement in the overall volume of service trade. This study begins by reviewing existing research on the subject, revealing that ASEAN outperforms Guangxi in terms of total economic volume, total foreign trade, and total service trade. However, a closer examination reveals that Guangxi has an advantage in terms of industrial structure, service trade growth rate, and foreign trade composition. Using the market share index the revealed comparative advantage index, and the trade competitiveness index, the study identifies that Guangxi exhibits higher competitiveness in the service trade than ASEAN. Furthermore, using time series data from 2008 to 2019, an econometric model is developed using the Michael Porter Diamond Model to assess the determinants of Guangxi’s service trade competitiveness. The analysis concludes that gross domestic product positively impacts service trade, with service trade openness and foreign direct investment playing pivotal roles, outweighing their influence on ASEAN. In contrast, the proportion of the labor force has the least impact on Guangxi’s service trade competitiveness. In conclusion, this study provides recommendations and policy implications for enhancing the competitiveness of Guangxi’s service trade sector.
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중국의 소수민족 미디어 정책에 관한 연구: 신장위구르자치구와 광시좡족자치구의 사례를 중심으로
김현주 ( Hyun Joo Kim ),장세도 ( Zhang Shi Tao ) 연세대학교 사회과학연구소 2015 社會科學論集 Vol.46 No.1
This study purports to delineating future directions for ethnic media policy in China. To verify findings from literature review, interviews with policy makers, implementers, employees, and audience of ethnic media were conducted. Study outcomes are summerized as follows. Policy makers in Beijing were all favorable toward openness of ethnic media policy, but occasionally encountered some problems while implementing media policies on the local levels. Local implementers were all quite knowledgeable of central government``s ethnic media policy but faced some vagueness while following the policy in daily practices. Ethnic media had difficulties in terms of securing technological supports, human resources, and operating revenue. Audience of ethnic media wanted more openness of ethnic media policy.
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제1차 인도차이나전쟁 시기 베트남 ‘난교(難僑)’ 문제 : 중월국경지역을 중심으로
이정희(YI, Jung-hee) 중앙대학교 중앙사학연구소 2020 중앙사론 Vol.0 No.52
본고는 중화민국 외교부 당안인《귀국난교반회월남안(歸國難僑返回越 南案)》을 활용하여, 제1차 인도차이나전쟁 초기 베트남 ‘난교’ 문제에 대 해 검토했다. 검토 결과 확인된 사실을 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 제1차 인도차이나전쟁 발발 전후 발생한 ‘난교’ 가운데 광시성과 윈난성으로 피 난한 난교는 대부분 베트남 북부 출신 화교라는 점이었다. 이것은 베트남 북부와 광시성, 윈난성이 중월국경을 접하고 있는 지리적 관계상 베트남 북부에서 두 개의 성으로 월경하여 피난하기 쉬웠기 때문이었다. 둘째, 광 시성과 윈난성 피난 ‘난교’는 대부분 현지 생활의 기반이 없고, 제2차 국공 내전의 정치적 혼란과 그로 인한 물가앙등 등으로 베트남의 원 거주지로 복귀하기를 희망했다. 셋째, 중화민국 정부는 ‘난교’의 베트남 복귀 진정서 를 접수하고, 다양한 외교적, 행정적 노력을 기울였다는 점이다. 난교의 구 제와 복귀업무에 관여한 정부 기관은 행정원 선후구제총서, 교무위원회, 외교부 및 주하노이총영사관과 주사이공총영사관, 사회부, 광시성 및 윈난 성 정부 등이었다. 여기에 국제연합구제부흥사업국(UNRRA) 및 국제난민 기구(IRO) 등의 국제연합기구도 참가했다. 중화민국 정부는 치열한 국공 내전 중인데도 불구하고 ‘난교’ 구제와 복귀 업무에 주어진 조건 하에서 최선을 다하려 한 것으로 평가할 수 있다. 넷째, 베트남의 프랑스 식민당국 은 프랑스군과 베트민군 간의 교전으로 피해를 입은 ‘난교’를 위해 구제금 을 내는 한편, 양측의 교전이 진정되어 가는 1948년에 들어 여권 미소지 ‘난교’의 입국을 허가, 점차 베트남의 원 거주지로 복귀할 수 있도록 해주 었다. This paper is to review the problem of Overseas Chinese refugees of Vietnam during the First Indochina War through official documents of Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Republic of China. The results of these review are as follows. Overseas Chinese refugees of Vietnam who escaped to Guangxi province and Yunnan province in China were from Northern Region of Vietnam. These reasons resulted from geographical factor with China-Vietnam border. Overseas Chinese refugees of Vietnam hoped to return to former Vietnamese residence because of no means of livelihood and hyper inflation in Chinese Civil War. After accepting their petition, the Republic of Chinese government took administrative actions, including diplomatic negotiations with French Colonial Government of Vietnam. UNRRA and IRO of international organization in UN played a small part in solving the problem. French Colonial Government of Vietnam provided them relief funds and removed restrictions concerning passport and visa to return to Vietnam. These actions enabled them to return to former residence of Vietnam.
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송미령 동양사학회 2024 東洋史學硏究 Vol.166 No.-
This article aims to show that the relationship between Ming China and Dai Viet at the end of the 14th century was affected by the instability of the southwest frontier and the north frontier. Previous studies have attributed the stability of relations with Dai Viet during the reign of Emperor Hongmu to the emperor's indifference to the country. They also suggest that his formulation of the principle of not going to war with his fifteen neighbors had a significant impact on relations with the Dai Viet. However, Emperor Hongmu was not indifferent to the political upheaval in Dai Viet. He also kept a close eye on political fluctuations in Dai Viet, such as usurpations, and used them to his advantage in the Ming dynasty. In other words, it was necessary for Dai Viet to maintain relations with the Ming China for political reasons, and the Ming China capitalized on this. The Ming China's treatment of the Dai Viet, while ostensibly benevolent, was actually a military threat. In other words, the Ming China practiced a ‘Diplomacy with power’ based on military power rather than relying on authority based on culture or ritual. During the reign of Emperor Hongmu, the Ming ruled the southwestern frontier region through alliances with local chiefs. However, the alliance was not solid. As a result, Emperor Hongmu was unable to go to war with a country that he had a conflict with. In addition, Emperor Hongmu believed that the Mongols would soon attack the Ming with a large army. For this reason, he could not go to war with the Dai Viet. Thus, by the end of the Hongmu Emperor's reign, the Ming borderlands were unstable, and this affected the relationship between the Ming and the Dai Viet.
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