자동차용 휠 베어링 시일 립의 변형해석 및 형상 최적 설계

김헌영(Heonyoung Kim),문형일(Huyngil Moon),김영태(Youngtae Kim),박지헌,임종순(Jongsoon Lim) 한국자동차공학회 2006 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

Wheel bearing seals are required to have high sealing effects and low reaction forces because the wheel bearing is operating under extreme environmental conditions such as in mud and in water. Hence, design technology for wheel bearing sealsis closely connected to the efficiency and durability of the whole bearing. If the efficiency of the bearing seal is estimated and this estimation is used in the design, bearing seals can be produced that have better efficiency and durability. The efficiency and durability of bearing seals is strongly dependent on the shape of bearing seal lip. Therefore, if the design factors of the seal lip are determined, optimizing the design of bearing seals can be conducted more efficiently. This study describes all the information required for analysis using the Finite Element Method(F.E.M.)which is one of the methods for finding optimized design factors. For example, the contents were generated using the seal lip modeling method and analytical process. Using an orthogonal design, optimization of the wheel bearing seal was conducted using the factors comprising the F.E.M. analysis.

수명과 강성을 고려한 자동차용 휠 베어링의 설계 최적화

이승표 한국트라이볼로지학회 2023 한국트라이볼로지학회지 (Tribol. Lubr.) Vol.39 No.3

Automotive wheel bearings are a critical component of vehicles that support their weight and facilitate rotation. Life and stiffness are significant performance characteristics of wheel bearings. Designing wheel bearings involves finding optimal design variables that satisfy both performances. CO2 emission reduction and fuel efficiency regulations attribute to the recent increase in design requirements for lightweight and compact automotive parts while maintaining performance. However, achieving a design that maintains performance while reducing weight poses challenges, as performance and weight are generally inversely proportional. In this study, we perform design optimization of automotive wheel bearings considering life and stiffness. We develop a program that calculates the basic rated life and modified rated life based on international standards for evaluating the life of wheel bearings. We develop a regression equation using regression analysis to address the time-consuming stiffness analysis during repetitive analysis. We perform ANOVA and main effect analyses to understand the statistical characteristics of the developed regression equation. Furthermore, we verify its reliability by comparing the predicted and test results. We perform design optimization using the developed life prediction program, stiffness regression equation and weight regression equation. We select bearing specifications and geometry as design variables, weight as the cost function, and life and stiffness as constraints. Through design optimization, we investigate the influence of design variables on the cost function and constraints by comparing the initial and optimal design values.

조립조건을 고려한 3세대 휠베어링 외륜 진원도 개선 연구

주진욱(Jinwook Joo),김학영(Hakyoung Kim),조호선(Hosun Cho),김주석(Joosuk Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2022 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.6

The wheel bearings support the weight of the vehicle and smooth the rotation of the wheel & tires. When the wheel bearing is assembled to the vehicle, the wheel bearing outer ring is deformed due to the fastening force, which adversely affects the life of the wheel bearing. In this study, to minimize the deformation of the wheel bearing outer ring under the assembling condition, we derived a model that minimizes the roundness deformation through analysis of the influence of the design factor of the wheel bearing outer ring on the roundness of the outer ring. And the improvement effect of the optimization model was verified through analysis and experiments.

자동차용 휠 베어링 시일의 설계를 위한 시일 립 변형해석

김헌영(Heonyoung Kim),문형일(Hyungil Moon),이창완(Changwan Lee),임종순(Jongsoon Lim),박지헌(Jihun Park),김영태(Youngtae Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2006 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

Designing technology of bearing seal is closely connected with the efficiency and durability of whole bearing. So, if the efficiency of bearing seal is estimated and this estimation is used to the design, then we can produce the bearing seal that have better efficiency and durability The efficiency of bearing seal is strongly dependent on the shape of bearing seal lip. So if the designing factors of seal lip are determined, then optimized design of bearing seal can be conducted more efficiently. This study describes all the matters required for analysis using F.E.M. which is one of the methods for finding optimized design factors. The contents has been made up with the emphasis on seal lip modeling method and analysis process.

1세대 휠베어링 압입력에 관한 연구

이경돈(Kyoungdon Yi),김승학(Seunghak Kim),윤동영(Dongyoung Yoon) 한국자동차공학회 2006 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

Radial pressure and force of press fit are related with the fatigue life of 1<SUP>st</SUP> generation wheel bearing unit. But most design hand books for bearing or bearing catalogues are different with real force and pressure. So the purpose of this study is to predict the radial pressure and press fit force of bearing. This study considers the state of stress on an infinitesimal element of thickness per unit, described by polar coordinate, which is used for leading basic equations of radial pressure. But basic equations are not accurate. So we must consider other factors that are plastic deformation, surface roughness, shape of mounted parts and friction. This study measures the plastic deformation, calculates radial pressure by finite element method and test friction between two contact parts. The final aim of this study is making accurate equations for press fits of wheel bearing. And this study will be reference for auto parts designers.

토크 벡터링을 적용한 인휠 시스템 차량의 핸들링 특성 연구

김동규(Donggyu Kim),최승렬(Seung-ryul Choi) 한국자동차공학회 2018 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.6

High-tech battery and high-efficient electric motor make vehicle get changed and turned themselves out to be electrical. With this trend of vehicle development, In-Wheel System-ed Motor is being developed as a power source of Electrical Vehicle(EV). Because In-Wheel System-ed vehicle move their power source into each wheel, vehicle can improve handling performance, stability and chassis response by independent control of each wheel. So this system make driving and regenerative braking torque on each wheel independent by applying Torque Vectoring(TV). Which means vehicle can control their whole body phase by TV. It enable vehicle to get more active body control and improve handling performance than conventional AWD system. But force from road to axis of In-Wheel System make vibration for whole system. These unstability of axis cause NVH problem, fatigue, durability of bearing. And the idea and implementation of TV control algorithm are both complex. This paper classifies In-Wheel system-ed vehicle with dynamic bearing and gear model. We do simulation for mechanical load analysis of the In-wheel system and standard handling test of full-vehicle for verification of TV algorithm.

자동차용 휠 베어링의 볼 접촉각 변화에 따른 강성거동 예측모델 개발

김봉철(Bongchul Kim),이인하(Inha Lee),김경남(Kyungnam Kim),이왕열(Wangyeol Lee),이승표(Seungpyo Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2011 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2011 No.11

Tire, wheel, wheel bearing, knuckle, brake, and suspension dominate vehicle steering performance. Stiffness of wheel bearing, which is a part of corner module, is important property to affect steering performance. Most of wheel bearings are used for angular contact ball bearing. In general, stiffness of angular contact ball bearing depends on ball contact angle. In this study, analysis model was developed, which can consider the stiffness behavior with ball contact angle change. MSC. MARC was used for the numerical analysis with nonlinear and contact analysis. Stiffness behavior was investigated for the small straight drive loading condition. To verify the reliability of this study, experiment was carried out and compared with analysis results. The experiment results showed good agreement with the analysis results.

Fatigue Analysis for Automotive Wheel Bearing Flanges

Ji-Won Jin,Ki Weon Kang,Seungpyo Lee 한국정밀공학회 2023 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.24 No.4

The automotive wheel bearing is an integral component of automobiles that transfers rotation and supports the weight of the vehicle. The life of automotive wheel bearings can be categorized into the raceway and flange lives. The raceway life is based on the spalling that occurs in the raceway and can be determined analytically using the basic rating life calculation method for the rolling bearing. The flange life is based on failure involving the flange and can be numerically predicted through fatigue analysis. In particular, the fatigue analysis for predicting the flange life must consider rotation owing to the bearing characteristics, unlike the general fatigue analysis. In this study, we examined the fatigue analysis of the automotive wheel bearing flange while considering rotation. We performed sequential stress and fatigue analyses using commercial software. As the fatigue material properties are required for fatigue analysis, we obtained the properties by conducting a rotary bending fatigue test on the bearing materials. To verify the results of the analysis, we compared the analysis results with the test results. The validity of the proposed fatigue analysis was confirmed.

예측 진단 알고리즘을 이용한 스마트 카 지능형 휠 허브 베어링 임베디드 시스템 개발

김삼택 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2023 韓國컴퓨터情報學會論文誌 Vol.28 No.10

If there is a defect in the wheel bearing, which is a major part of the car, it can cause problems such as traffic accidents. In order to solve this problem, big data is collected and monitoring is conducted to provide early information on the presence or absence of wheel bearing failure and type of failure through predictive diagnosis and management technology. System development is needed. In this paper, to implement such an intelligent wheel hub bearing maintenance system, we develop an embedded system equipped with sensors for monitoring reliability and soundness and algorithms for predictive diagnosis. The algorithm used acquires vibration signals from acceleration sensors installed in wheel bearings and can predict and diagnose failures through big data technology through signal processing techniques, fault frequency analysis, and health characteristic parameter definition. The implemented algorithm applies a stable signal extraction algorithm that can minimize vibration frequency components and maximize vibration components occurring in wheel bearings. In noise removal using a filter, an artificial intelligence-based soundness extraction algorithm is applied, and FFT is applied. The fault frequency was analyzed and the fault was diagnosed by extracting fault characteristic factors. The performance target of this system was over 12,800 ODR, and the target was met through test results.

1세대 허브 유니트 베어링의 내구 신뢰성 평가

안태길(Taekil Ahn),이상훈(Sanghoon Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2007 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

The development of hub unit bearings for motor vehicles, has made rapid progress in the area of module by integration several axle components. An automotive wheel bearing is one of the most important components to guarantee the service life of a passenger car. The endurance life of a bearing is affected by many parameters such as material properties. heat treatment, lubrication conditions, temperature, loading conditions, bearing geometry, internal clearance and so on. Generally, a tapered roller bearing gives longer endurance life than that of an equivalent size ball bearing. Consequently, the application of taper bearing units will be increased for more compact design and extended warranty. In this paper, we derive the relation between loads and deformations of a taper bearing unit. On the basis of that, we calculate the endurance life of the taper bearing unit considering initial axial clearance.