육상수조에서 돌기해삼, Stichopus japonicus의 성장 및 생존율

김철원,허준욱,Kim, C.W.,Hur, J.W. 국립한국농수산대학교 교육개발센터 2018 현장농업연구지 = Journal of practical agricultural resear Vol.20 No.1

We assessed the effects of population density on the growth and survival rate of sea cucumber(Stichopus japonicus) in indoor tank Growth of S. japonicus in high density breeding was slow overall, and body weight on 250, 350 and 500 individual/m² group were 31.9g, 26.8g and 21.5g, respectively. The growth rate of body weight was 3.5~5.1 times according to the density of water, and the survival rate was 44.2~50.1%. The growth and survival rate were increased as decreasing the storage density. During the breeding season, small individuals tend not to be large and constantly culled, so it is necessary to set up the sorting period (etc.), and divide S. japonicus into groups of similar size.

Effects on skin of <i>Stichopus japonicus</i> viscera extracts detected with saponin including Holothurin A: Down-regulation of melanin synthesis and up-regulation of neocollagenesis mediated by ERK signaling pathway

Kwon, Tae-Rin,Oh, Chang Taek,Bak, Dong-Ho,Kim, Jong Hwan,Seok, Joon,Lee, Jong Hoon,Lim, Su Hwan,Yoo, Kwang Ho,Kim, Beom Joon,Kim, Heesu Elsevier 2018 Journal of Ethnopharmacology Vol.226 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Ethnopharmacological relevance</B></P> <P> <I>Stichopus japonicus</I> (sea cucumber), edible traditional food in Asia, and its extracts are renowned for their wound healing, pain relieving, and cosmetic effects in traditional medicine. Holothurins, toxins isolated from sea cucumber, are thought to be active components for their beneficial effects. However, researchers have yet to outline specific mechanisms thereof.</P> <P><B>Aim of the study</B></P> <P>The present study was designed to evaluate the anti-melanogenic and anti-wrinkle properties of <I>S. japonicus</I> viscera extracts (VF) on the skin via <I>in vitro</I> and <I>ex vivo</I> experiments and to assess the anti-aging effects of <I>S. japonicus</I> viscera extracts in relation to known wound healing and cosmetic processes.</P> <P><B>Materials and methods</B></P> <P>The viscera of live <I>S. japonicus</I> specimens were freeze dried and ground into a powder. Aqueous extracts were subsequently prepared from the concentrated powder using a water extraction method. To investigate the inhibitory effects of VF on melanogenesis, mushroom tyrosinase activity assay and melanin assay were performed on Melan-A cells. To further delineate the anti-melanogenic properties of VF, western blot analysis for tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, MITF, and ERK was conducted. Changes in collagen synthesis in human dermal fibroblast (HDF) were evaluated via CCK-8 assay and immunocytochemistry to determine the anti-wrinkle effects of VF. Finally, anti-aging properties were examined in a human skin equivalent <I>ex vivo</I> model.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>In Melan-A cells, VF treatment reduced melanin contents in a concentration-dependent manner. The anti-melanogenic effects of VF appeared to be due to enzymatic inhibition of tyrosinase. In CCK-8 assay, VF also significantly increased the viability of HDFs in a concentration-dependent manner. Immunoblot analysis revealed phosphorylation of ERK in HDFs treated with VF. In a human skin equivalent <I>ex vivo</I> model (Neoderm®-ED), VF treatment at a concentration of 50 μg/ml enhanced collagen type IV and Ki-67 expression and downregulated MMP-9 expression.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>This study demonstrated that aqueous extracts from <I>S. japonicus</I> viscera are effective whitening and anti-aging agents that stimulate ERK signaling to inhibit melanin synthesis and promote collagen synthesis.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

해삼(Stichopus japonicus)의 microsatellite 유전자형 분석을 위한 multiplex PCR 시스템 개발

심용택,이철상 한국수산과학회 2017 한국수산과학회지 Vol.50 No.6

A multiplex PCR system comprising 14 microsatellite markers was developed for genotyping analysis of the seacucumber Stichopus japonicus. A total of 286 samples were used to evaluate genetic polymorphisms and forensicparameters of the microsatellite loci. In a single PCR reaction, all 14 loci were uniformly amplified and a total of269 alleles were identified. The AJ19024 locus had the largest number of alleles (46), and its discriminatory powerand exclusion power were 0.99 and 0.76, respectively. The fewest alleles (8) were present at the Psj2575 locus,which provided the lowest discriminatory power (0.81) and exclusion power (0.20). The mean number of alleles,mean heterozygosity, mean discrimination power and mean exclusion power per locus were 19.21, 0.70, 0.93, and0.46, respectively. The combined matching probability for the 14 loci was 9.64×10-19, and the combined power ofexclusion was 0.999995. Thus, the forensic parameters evaluated in the present study demonstrated the utility of ourmultiplex PCR system for biological tracing methods, such as individual identification and paternity testing, in thesea cucumber.

Effects of sulfated fucan from the sea cucumber <i>Stichopus japonicus</i> on natural killer cell activation and cytotoxicity

Surayot, Utoomporn,Lee, SangMin,You, SangGuan Elsevier 2018 International journal of biological macromolecules Vol.108 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The aqueous crude sulfated fucan (SF) from <I>Stichopus japonicus</I> was extracted and fractionated using anion-exchange chromatography to obtain four fractions (F<SUB>1</SUB>, F<SUB>2</SUB>, F<SUB>3</SUB> and F<SUB>4</SUB>) and to investigate their NK cell activation and cytotoxicity. The most potent NK cell cytotoxicity (45% at 250μg/mL) against HeLa cells was observed by F<SUB>1</SUB> treatment, on the other hand, F<SUB>3</SUB> and F<SUB>4</SUB> treatment exhibited strong NK cell cytotoxicity (31–34% at 250μg/mL) against HepG2 and HT-29 cells. The SF treatment enhanced the activation of NK cells through the mRNA expression of IFN-γ, an activating receptor (NKp30), lysing proteins (perforin and granzyme-B) as well as a death ligand (FasL). However, the treatment of the SF derivatives, deproteinated-F<SUB>1</SUB> and desulfated-F<SUB>3</SUB> (DP-F<SUB>1</SUB> and DS-F<SUB>3</SUB>), markedly lowered the levels of NK cell cytotoxicity and mRNA expression of the activating factors, suggesting that the protein and sulfate were pivotal for the interaction between the SF and NK cells. The antibody neutralization test revealed that complement receptor-3 (CR3) may be a critical receptor involved in NK cell activation by the SF.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Sulfated fucan (SF) from <I>Stichopus japonicus</I> increases NK cell proliferation and the cytotoxicity. </LI> <LI> Fractionated fucan effected to NK cell cytotoxicity against HeLa, HepG2 and HT-29 cells. </LI> <LI> Sulfates and proteins of SFs were required to improve NK cells cytotoxicity. </LI> <LI> NK cells are activated through the expression of NKp30, FasL, IFN-γ and granzyme-B. </LI> <LI> CR3 might be a critical receptor for the interaction between NK cells and SFs. </LI> </UL> </P>

배합사료의 단백질 및 지질 함량이 어린 돌기해삼 Stichopus japonicus의 성장 및 체조성에 미치는 영향

서주영(Joo-Young Seo),최진(Jin Choi),김근업(Guen-Up Kim),조성수(Sung-Su Cho),박흠기(Heum Gi Park),이상민(Sang-Min Lee) 한국수산과학회 양식분과 2008 韓國養殖學會誌 Vol.21 No.1

Biological activities and biomedical potential of sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus): a review

Oh, Gun-Woo,Ko, Seok-Chun,Lee, Dong Hee,Heo, Soo-Jin,Jung, Won-Kyo The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Scienc 2017 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.20 No.11

Members of the phylum Echinodermata, commonly known as echinoderms, are exclusively marine invertebrates. Among the Echinodermata, sea cucumber belongs to the family Holothuroidea. The sea cucumber Stichopus (Apostichous) japonicus (Selenka) is an invertebrate animal inhabiting the coastal sea around Korean, Japan, China, and Russia. Sea cucumber has a significant commercial value, because it contains valuable nutrients such as vitamins and minerals. They possess a number of distinctive biologically and pharmacologically important compounds. In particular, the body wall of sea cucumber is a major edible part. It consists of peptide, collagen, gelatin, polysaccharide, and saponin, which possess several biological activities such as anti-cancer, anti-coagulation, anti-oxidation, and anti-osteoclastogenesis. Furthermore, the regenerative capacity of sea cucumber makes it a medically important organism. This review presents the various biological activities and biomedical potential of sea cucumber S. japonicus.

Biological activities and biomedical potential of sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus): a review

오건우,고석천,이동희,허수진,정원교 한국수산과학회 2017 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.20 No.4

Members of the phylum Echinodermata, commonly known as echinoderms, are exclusively marine invertebrates. Among the Echinodermata, sea cucumber belongs to the family Holothuroidea. The sea cucumber Stichopus (Apostichous) japonicus (Selenka) is an invertebrate animal inhabiting the coastal sea around Korean, Japan, China, and Russia. Sea cucumber has a significant commercial value, because it contains valuable nutrients such as vitamins and minerals. They possess a number of distinctive biologically and pharmacologically important compounds. In particular, the body wall of sea cucumber is a major edible part. It consists of peptide, collagen, gelatin, polysaccharide, and saponin, which possess several biological activities such as anti-cancer, anti-coagulation, anti-oxidation, and antiosteoclastogenesis. Furthermore, the regenerative capacity of sea cucumber makes it a medically important organism. This review presents the various biological activities and biomedical potential of sea cucumber S. japonicus.

Skin Whitening Effects of Sanguisorba officinalis and Stichopus japonicus

Min-Ok Lee,Hong-Geun Oh,Sang-Ho Park,Hyun-A Lee,Jeong-Dug Sul,Jeho Song,Okjin Kim 한국실험동물학회 2010 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.26 No.2

This study is aimed to evaluate skin whitening effects of Sanguisorba officinalis and Stichopus japonicus for cosmeceutical ingredients. The extract of Stichopus japonicus showed 61.78% inhibition of tyrosinase activity, and the mixture of Sanguisorba officinalis extract and Stichopus japonicus extract showed 59.14% inhibition of tyrosinase activity. On the clone M-3 cell meloanocyte, the mixture of Sanguisorba officinalis extract and Stichopus japonicus extract showed remarkable inhibition of melanogenesis. Also, those extracts were not irritable in ocular irritation test. It is concluded from these results that Sanguisorba officinalis and Stichopus japonicus have skin whitening effect. It could be used as natural depigmental material in cosmeceutical ingredients.

한국 서해안 돌기해삼(Stichopus japonicus)의 서식지 기질 특성

박광재,류상옥,백영숙,김윤설,강희웅,한현섭 한국수산과학회 2013 한국수산과학회지 Vol.46 No.6

We analyzed surface sediments to explain the substrate characteristics of sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus habitat. The analyses included grain-size determination, water content (WC), loss on ignition (IL), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and acid volatile sulfide (AVS) content. We obtained data on sea cucumber density, weight, and length at each station in a marine farming area in the middle of Korea's Taean coast on the West (Yellow) Sea in May, 2012. The apparent density of S. japonicus was high in coarse and bimodal sediments, whereas it was low in fine and unimodal sediments. The mass of S. japonicus was greater in fine than in coarse sediments, showing a different trend from sea cucumber density. The values for WC, IL, COD, and AVS in surface sediments were higher in areas with high densities of S. japonicus than in areas with low sea cucumber densities. In particular, the concentration of AVS was much higher than the value proposed in Japanese criteria for areas with high S. japonicus density

Antioxidant Activities of Sanguisorba officinalis and Stichopus japonicus

Min-Ok Lee,Hong-Geun Oh,Sang-Ho Park,Hyun-A Lee,Jeho Song,Okjin Kim 한국실험동물학회 2010 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.26 No.1

This study is designed to apply for cosmeceutical ingredients with Sanguisorba officinalis and Stichopus japonicus distributed all over the country. The antioxidizing effect of the ethanol extract of Stichopus japonicus displayed stronger inhibition than the Sanguisorba officinalis ethanol extract and mixture of Sanguisorba officinalis and Stichopus japonicus extract. They used in the experiment as 63.28% with the density of 50 ㎍/mL, and compared with the ascorbic acid used as positive counterpart. Since the physiological activating ingredient generating the antioxidizing effect was confirmed with the Sanguisorba officinalis and Stichopus japonicus with the experiment results, the possibility for natural antioxidants was implied.