Effects of Natural Zeolite on Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Epoxy Composite System

Song, Young Wook,Kim, Sang Wook 서울시립대학교 산업기술연구소 1996 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.4 No.-

The natural zeolite was introduced to diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A(DGEBA)/4,4'-methylene dianiline(MDA)/hydroquinone-phenyl glycidyl ether (HQ-PGE) system to modify mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy resin as an inorganic filler. In mechanical properties, the tensile strength of a system with 10 phr of natural zeolite decreased about 17 % than that of a system without natural zeolite. Also, the impact strength of a system with the natural zeolite decreased than that of the system without natural zeolite. Both properties decreased with the increment of natural zeolite contents. In case of thermal properties, glass transition temperature(Tg) and decomposition temperature(Td) of the composites system were seldom affected by natural zeolite and its contents.

천연 및 전처리 제올라이트에 의한 2 가 중금속 이온 제거능의 비교 검토

감상규,김덕수,이민규 한국환경과학회 1999 한국환경과학회지 Vol.8 No.3

The three domestic natural zeolites(Yong dong-ri (Y), Daesin-ri (D), Seogdong-ri (S)) harvested in Kyeongju-shi and Pohang-shi, Kyungsangbug-Do, were pretreated with each of the NaOH, Ca(OH)_2, and NaOH following HCl solutions, and the removal performances of divalent heavy metals(Cu, Mn, Pb, and Sr) for natural and pretreated zeolites were investigated and compared in the single and mixed solutions. The natural zeolite-heavy metal system attained the final equilibrium plateau within 20 min, irrespective of initial heavy metal concentration. The heavy metal uptakes increased with increasing initial heavy metal concentration and pH. The heavy metal uptakes for natural zeolites decreased in the following sequences : D>Y>S among the natural zeolites; Pb>Cu>Sr>Mn among the heavy metals. The pretreated zeolites showed higher heavy metal removal performances than natural zeolites and decreased in the order of NaOH, NaOH following HCl, Ca(OH)_2 treatment among the pretreatment methods. The heavy metal ion exchange capacity by natural and pretreated zeolites was described either by Freundlich equation or Langmuir equation, but it followed the former better than the latter. The heavy metal uptakes for natural zeolites decreased in the mixed solution, in comparing with those in the single solution and especially, the manganese uptake decreased greatly in the mixed solution. The pretreated zeolites showed the improved removal performances of heavy metals in the mixed solution than in the single solution and the heavy metal uptakes by those in the mixed solution showed the same trends in the single solution among the chemical treatment methods and heavy metals.

한국산 천연 제올라이트의 양이온 흡착능의 증대 기술의 개발 : 천연 clinoptilolite와 mordenite로부터 P계열 제올라이트의 합성 Synthesis of P Series-Zeolite from Natural Clinoptilolite and Mordenite

강신정 中部大學校 自然科學硏究所 1998 自然科學硏究論文集 Vol.7 No.1

한국산 천연제오라이트를 2 M NaOH 용액과 함께 약 100°C 에서 수열처리 한 결과 clinoptilolite와 mordenite는 용해되어 P계열의 Na-P 제올라이트로 전환되었다. 그러나 불순물로 존재하던 장석은 P계열의 제올라이트의 합성에 관여하지 않고 생산물의 불순물로 이전되면서 천연제올라이트의 순도가 합성제올라이트의 순도에 직접적인 영향을 주었다. P계열의 합성은 반응시간의 연장과 함께 그것의 결정성이 높아져 약 8 시간의 수열처리로 최대의 결정성을 나타내었다. 합성된 Na-P 제올라이트는 그것의 CEC가 천연제올라이트의 그것과 비교할 때 2.2-2.5배 증가되었다. 장석을 거의 함유하지 않았던 sample 1은 거의 순수한 Na-P로 전환 가능하였으며 합성된 그것은 고부가가치의 molecular sieve로 사용 가능하며, 장석을 함유하는 sample 2와 3으로 합성한 Na-P는 폐수처리제나 토양개량제로 우수한 자제가 될 것으로 판단되었다. 본 연구에서 적용한 NaOH 수열처리법은 천연산 제올라이트의 고성능 흡착제로의 전환에 우수한 처리법으로 판단되었으나 장석을 많이 함유하는 원료에는 한계를 보였다. For increasing of cation exchange capacity(CEC) of Korean nutural zeolites, whose mineral species are mordenite and clinoptilolite, three kinds of them different in CEC value were boiled with 2 M NaOH solution at 100-103°C. By the alkali hydrothermal treatment, clinoptilolite and mordenite were changed to P series-zeolite, zeolite Na-P. However, feldspar containing as impurity was not participated in zeolite transformation and remained as impurity in the synthetic zeolite. The amount of the synthetic zeolite was increased with increase of reaction time, showing the highest crystallinity with reaction for 8 hours. The CEC values of the synthesized zeolite were increased 2.2-2.5 times more than those of the starting zeolites. Sample 1,which did not nearly contain feldspar, could be changed to zeolite Na-P without impurity and the resultant product could be used as a molecular sieve. Whereas, the products from samples 2 and 3 could be used as a treatment agent of waste water and a amendment of agricultural land. This alkali hydrothermal treatment was estimated to a good technical method for synthesizing a high cation exchanger from Korean natural zeolite, though it showed a limit in synthesis of high purity of zeolite from natural zeolites containing a high amount of feldspar.

소규모 오수처리 시스템에서의 제올라이트에 의한 질소 제거

방천희 ( Bang Cheon Hee ),권순국 ( Kwun Soon Kuk ) 한국농공학회 2002 韓國農工學會誌 : 전원과 자원 Vol.44 No.2

Recently, absorbent biofilters, which are inexpensive and easy to manacle, have been supplied to the rural areas, but have limitations in removing the nutrients effectively. Accordingly, as an alternative plan. natural zeolites were arranged in front or at the rear of the absorbent biofilters, and their removal efficiency for nitrogen and, ultimately, their applicability to the on-site wastewater treatment system were studied. Furthermore, the same experiments were carried out on artificial zeolites, made from coal ashes at National Honam Agricultural Experiment Station, to compare natural zeolites with artificial ones. Treated wastewater through the Absorbent Biofilter showed 22.6% nitrogen removal efficiency, while 64.6% was attained when natural Zeolites were placed in front of the absorbent biofilters (Zeolite-Aerobic process). As an addition, phosphorus was also efficiently removed. On the other hand, Aerobic-Zeolite process, which arranged natural zeolites at the rear of the biofilters, did not have significantly higher nitrogen removal as compared to the treatment using only the absorbent biofilters. Furthermore, upon regeneration of the natural zeolite, the ion exchange rate was fecund to increase over 10% as compared to before regeneration. Our results show that natural zeolites, applied to the on-site wastewater treatment system through the Zeolite-Aerobic process, not only increase the removal efficiency of nutrients, but, by choosing the appropriate regeneration time, can also be cast-effective. Artificial zeolites, on the other hand, though more efficient in removing nutrients, cannot be regenerated and, therefore, are not cost-effective.

천연 제올라이트의 1가 금속 이온 제거능에 대한 전처리 효과

감상규,오윤근,이용두 제주대학교 해양연구소 2000 해양자원연구소연구보고 Vol.24 No.-

The three domestic natural zeolites (Yong dong-ri (Y).Daesin-ri (D). Seogdong-ri (S)) harvested in. Kyeongju-shi and Pohangshi. Kyungsangbug-Do, were pretreated with each of the NaOH. Ca(OH)_(2) and NaOH following HCI solutions. and the effect of pretreatment of natural zeolites on the removal performances of monovalent metal ions (Cs^(+), Rb^(+) and Ag^(+)) was investigated in the single and mixed solutions. In the single metal ion solution. the removal performances of metal ions were improved greatly by the pretreatment of natural zeolites and decreased in the following sequences: pretreatment of Na0H>pretreatment of NaOH following HCpretreatment of Ca(0H)_(2) among the pretreatment methods: D>Y>S among the natural zeolites: Cs^(+)>Rb^(+)>Ag^(+) among the metal ions. The heavy metal ion exchange capacity by natural and pretreated zeolites was described either by Freundlich equation or Langmuir equation. but it followed the former better than the latter. In the mixed metal ion solution. the uptakes by natural and pretreated zeolites decreased. in comparing with those in the single metal ion solution, but the pretreated zeolites showed the improved removal performances of metal ions in the mixed solution than in the single solution. The metal ion uptakes by pretreated zeolites in the mixed solution showed the same trends in the single solution among the pretreatment methods and metal ions.

천연 제올라이트와 합성 제올라이트 5A를 이용한 메탄 하이드레이트의 생성에 대한 비교 연구

박성식(Park, Sung-Seek),박윤범(Park, Yun-Beom),김남진(Kim, Nam-Jin) 한국신재생에너지학회 2012 신재생에너지 Vol.8 No.2

Natural gas hydrates have a high potential as the 21st century new energy resource, because it have a large amount of deposits in many deep-water and permafrost regions of the world widely. Natural gas hydrate is formed by physical binding between water molecule and gas mainly composed of methane, which is captured in the cavities of water molecules under the specific temperature and pressure. 1m³ methane hydrate can be decomposed to the methane gas of 172m³ and water of 0.8m³ at standard condition. Therefore, there are a lot of practical applications such as separation processes, natural gas storage transportation and carbon dioxide sequestration. For the industrial utilization of methane hydrate, it is very important to rapidly manufacture hydrate. However, when methane hydrate is artificially formed, its reaction time may be too long and the gas consumption in water becomes relatively low, because the reaction rate between water and gas is low. So in this study, hydrate formation was experimented by adding natural zeolite and Synthetic zeolite 5A in distilled water, respectively. The results show that when the Synthetic zeolite 5A of 0.01 wt% was, the amount of gas consumed during the formation of methane hydrate was higher than that in the natural zeolite. Also, the natural zeolite and Synthetic zeolite 5A decreased the hydrate formation time to a greater extent than the distilled water at the same subcooling temperature.

천연 제올라이트의 1가 금속 이온 제거능에 대한 전처리 효과

감상규,오윤근,이용두 제주대학교 해양연구소 2000 해양과환경연구소 연구논문집 Vol.24 No.-

The three domestic natural zeolites (Yong dong-ri (Y). Daesin-ri (D). Seogdong-ri (S)) harvested in Kyeongju-shi and Pohang-shi. Kyungsangbug-Do, were pretreated with each of the NaOH, Ca(OH)2 and NaOH following HCI solutions, and the effect of pretreatment of natural zeolites on the removal Performances of monovalent metal ions (Cs+, Rb+ and Ag+) was investigated in the single and mixed solutions. In the single metal ion solution, the removal performances of metal ions were improved greatly by the pretreatment of natural zeolites and decreased in the following sequences : Pretreatment of NaOH> pretreatment of NaOH following HCI>pretreatment of Ca(OH)2 among the pretreatment methods ; D>Y>S among the natural zeolites: Cs+>Rb+>Ag+among the metal ions. The heavy metal ion exchange capacity by natural and pretreated zeolites was described either by Freundlich equation or Langmuir equation. but it followed the iormer better than the latter. In the mixed metal ion solution. the uptakes by natural and pretreated zeolites decreased. in comparing with those in the single metal ion solution, but the pretreated zeolites showed the improved removal performances of metal ions in the mixed solution than in the single solution. The metal ion uptakes by pretreated zeolites in the mixed solution showed the same trends in the sing1e solution among the pretreatment methods and metal ions.

천연 제올라이트를 이용한 Cs ^+ 와 Sr^2 + 이온의 제거

김덕수,박재우 한국환경과학회 1993 한국환경과학회지 Vol.2 No.4

The three natural zeolites collected in Yungil-gun, Kyungsangbuk-do, Korea, were analyzed by means of chemical wet methods and X-ray diffraction. The results indicated that the primary species of those zeolites were clinoptilolite mixed with heulandite, feldspar, montmorillonite, and quartz. These zeolites were chemically treated with NaOH, Ca(OH)_2, and HCl solution and their differences were also studied with X-ray diffraction method. The capabilities of removing Cs^+ and Sr^2+ ions with chemically untreated zeolites, chemically treated zeolites, and also with synthetic zeolites were compared. The effect of other cations in removing Sr^2+ ions was also studied. The experimental results showed that Cs+ and Sr^2+ ions could be removed up to 98% and 95% respectively out of 5 ppm with chemically untrearted natural zeolites. The treatment of 0.02N-Ca(OH)_2 and that of 2N-NaOH were most effective in removing Cs^+ and Sr^2+ ions, respectively. It was found that the mountaintop of Sangjung 1-dong natural zeolite treated with 2N-NaOH was most efficient in removing Sr^2+ ions mixed with other cations, compared with any other chemically treated and untreated natural zeolites in this work.

천연 Zeolite를 이용한 시설재배지 토양의 염류제거 효과

위치도(Chi-Do Wee),리준시(Jun-Xi Li),김홍림(Hong-Lim Kim),손보균(Bo-Kyoon Sohn) 한국토양비료학회 2010 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.43 No.5

본 연구는 천연 zeolite 처리가 시설하우스 토양의 염류집적 경감에 미치는 효과를 구명하고자 수행하였다. 시험토양의 EC수준은 5.0 dS m<SUP>-1</SUP>이었으며, 제올라이트 처리는 7수준 (0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20%) 3반복으로 수행하였다. 제올라이트 처리에 따른 토양 EC 하락은 혼합수준과 비슷한 경향이었다. 특히, 제올라이트가 20%를 혼합된 토양의 처리 10일 후 EC수준은 5.01 dS m<SUP>-1</SUP>에서 2.8dS m<SUP>-1</SUP> 수준으로 급격히 감소되었다. 토양 pH에 대한 제올라이트 효과는 미미한 수준에서 혼합비율과 같은 경향을 나타냈으며, 수용성 칼슘과 마그네슘 그리고 유효인산 농도는 크게 감소하였다. 따라서 관수제염과 그 밖에 방법 등을 통하여 제염효과를 기대하기 어려웠던 치환성 양이온과 인산의 효과적인 제염제로서 천연 zeolite의 적용이 가능할 것으로 기대한다. This study was performed to investigate the effect of zeolite on the reduction of soil EC level in the plastic film house. The EC level of experimental soil was 5.0 dS m<SUP>-1</SUP> and the zeolite was applied to the soil at seven levels (0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20%) with three replications. The reduction degree of soil EC level showed positive tendency to the mixing ratio of zeolite. Especially, the EC level reduced rapidly from 5.01 to 2.8 dS m<SUP>-1</SUP> in the plot where zeolite was mixed by 20% 10 days after treatment. The pH level of soil was in positive relation to the mixing ratio of zeolite, contrary to the negative relation to the concentration level of water soluble Ca, Mg and phosphorus (P). The water contents of soil mixed with 15% and 20% zeolite were 14% and 17.3% respectively but it was 12.7% for control soil. Therefore, we expect natural zeolite to salts reduction agent for exchangeable cation and phosphate which is difficult to reduce by watering and other methods.

국내산 천연 제올라이트를 이용한 원자력 발전소 액체 폐기물 처리에 관한 연구

김덕수,박재우 제주대학교 방사능이용연구소 1994 연구보고 Vol.8 No.-

The three natural zeolites collected in Yungil-gun, Kyungsangbuk-do, Korea, were analyzed by means of chemical wet methods and X-ray diffraction. The results indicated that the primary species of those zeolites were clinoptilolite mixed with heulandite, feldspar, montmorillonite, and quartz. These zeolites were chemically treated with NaOH, Ca(OH)₂, and HCl solution and their differences were also studied with X-ray diffraction method. The capabilities of removing Cs+ and Sr²+ ions with chemically untreated zeolites, chemically treated zeolites, and also with synthetic zeolites were compared. The effect of other cations in removing Sr²+ ions was also studied. The expenrimental results showed that Cs+ and Sr²+ ions could be removed up to 98% and 95%respectively out of 5 ppm with chemically untrearted natural zeolites. The treatment of 0.02N-Ca(OH)₂and that of 2N-NaOH were most effective in removing Cs+ and Sr²+ ions, respectively. It was found that the mountaintop of Sangjung 1-dong natural zeolite treated with 2N-NaOH was most efficient in removing Sr²+ ions mixed with other cations, compared with any other chemically treated and untreated natural zeolites in this work.