Metabolic Fingerprints by Nano-baskets of 1,2-Alternate Calixarene and Emulsion Liquid Membranes

Mokhtari, Bahram,Pourabdollah, Kobra Korean Chemical Society 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.7

A novel approach for metabolite extraction and fingerprinting was introduced based upon the nano-baskets and emulsion liquid membrane-nuclear magnetic resonance (ELM-NMR) technique. The objective of this method is optimizing the fingerprints, minimizing the metabolic variation from analysis, increasing the likelihood differences, and obtaining the maximum extraction yield. Low molecular weight metabolites in rat serum were recovered by ELMs using 12 nano-baskets of calixarene, as both emulsifier and carrier. The yields of ELMs were optimized by the method of one-at-a-time. According to NMR data, the maximum metabolic variation was achieved using scaffold 4 (4 wt %), n-decane membrane, stirring rate of 300 rpm, treat and phase ratios of 0.3 and 0.8, respectively. The results revealed that some calixarenes tend to extract non-specific macromolecules; and repeatability of fingerprints for 7-mediated ELM was maximum and for 3-mediated ELM was minimum. The yield of extractions was obtained to be higher for n-decane and lower for carbon tetrachloride. Among different membranes, the fingerprints by chlorinated liquid membranes were more repeatable than using toluene or n-decane.

Metabolic Fingerprints by Nano-baskets of 1,2-Alternate Calixarene and Emulsion Liquid Membranes

Bahram Mokhtari,Kobra Pourabdollah 대한화학회 2012 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.33 No.7

A novel approach for metabolite extraction and fingerprinting was introduced based upon the nano-baskets and emulsion liquid membrane-nuclear magnetic resonance (ELM-NMR) technique. The objective of this method is optimizing the fingerprints, minimizing the metabolic variation from analysis, increasing the likelihood differences, and obtaining the maximum extraction yield. Low molecular weight metabolites in rat serum were recovered by ELMs using 12 nano-baskets of calixarene, as both emulsifier and carrier. The yields of ELMs were optimized by the method of one-at-a-time. According to NMR data, the maximum metabolic variation was achieved using scaffold 4 (4 wt %), n-decane membrane, stirring rate of 300 rpm, treat and phase ratios of 0.3 and 0.8, respectively. The results revealed that some calixarenes tend to extract non-specific macromolecules; and repeatability of fingerprints for 7-mediated ELM was maximum and for 3-mediated ELM was minimum. The yield of extractions was obtained to be higher for n-decane and lower for carbon tetrachloride. Among different membranes, the fingerprints by chlorinated liquid membranes were more repeatable than using toluene or n-decane.

A study on reactive extraction equilibrium between acetic acid and bis-succinimide of C9232

이상철,Kyung-Sup Hyun 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.7

C9232 is a typical emulsifier of emulsion liquid membrane and its main component, bis-succinimide, has amine functional groups which react with carboxylic acids. The average numbers of secondary amine groups and isobutylene units in the bis-succinimide were determined through elemental analysis. Acetic acid was extracted by emulsion liquid membrane with use of C9232, and we verified that C9232 was suitable for its extractant in the emulsion liquid membrane systems. Equilibrium experiments for reactive extraction of acetic acid by C9232 were carried out by varying the overall acetic acid concentration and overall C9232 concentration in liquid-liquid extraction systems. Also, an equilibrium model for the reactive extraction of acetic acid was investigated for the purpose of analyzing the emulsion liquid membrane systems for separation of acetic acid from other carboxylic acids or sugars in the future. The calculated results from the equilibrium model were in good agreement with the experimental data.

Development of a Supported Emulsion Liquid Membrane System for Propionic Acid Separation in a Microgravity Environment

Li, Jin,Hu, Shih-Yao B.,Wiencek, John M. The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengine 2001 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.6 No.6

Perstractive fermentation is a good way to increase the productivity of bioreactors. Us-ing Propionibacteria as the model system, the feasibility of using supported emulsion liquid mem-brane(SELM) fro perstractive fermentation is assessed in this study. Five industrial solvents were considered as the solvent for perparing the SELM. The more polar a solvent, is the higher the par-tition coefficeint However, toxicity of a solvent also increases with its polarity. CO-1055(indus-trial decanol/octanol blend)has the highest partition coefficient toward propionic acid among the solvents that has no molecular toxicity toward Propionibacteria, A preliminary extraction study was conducted using tetradecane as solvent in a hydrophobic hollow fiber contactor. The results confirmed that SELM eliminates the equilibrium limitation of conventional liquid-liquid extrac-tion and allows the use of a non-toxic solvent with low partition coefficient.

Development of stable green emulsion liquid membrane process via liquid–liquid extraction to treat real chromium from rinse electroplating wastewater

Norul Fatiha Mohamed Noah,Norela Jusoh,Norasikin Othman,Raja Norimie Raja Sulaiman,Nurul Asma Mohd Khairul Parker 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.66 No.-

This research addresses the development of stable green ELM process for chromium removal from industrial effluents where CrO42− and Cr2O72− is the predominant species. Types of carriers, diluents and stripping agents undergo screening via LLE process. Meanwhile, the parameters studied for ELM stability and extraction were surfactant and modifier concentrations, homogenizer speed and emulsifying time. The formulate condition of stable ELM process was 0.04 M TOMAC in palm oil, 0.05 M NaOH, 3% (w/v) Span 80, 5% (w/v) octanol, 10,000 rpm homogenizer speed and 3 min emulsifying time. At this condition, 97% of chromium was extracted with breakage rate of 10%.

Emulsion liquid membrane stability in the extraction of ionized nanosilver from wash water

Raja Norimie Raja Sulaiman,Norasikin Othman,Nor Aishah Saidina Amin 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.5

The discharge of ionized nanosilver into environment triggers a great concern owing to the toxicity problem for aquatic organism. In this study, emulsion liquid membrane used to extract the ionized nanosilver from wash water. Variables like carrier, stripping agent and surfactant concentrations, emulsifying time, homogenizer and agitation speed, pH feed phase, and effect of ionic liquid [BMIM]+[NTf2]- were investigated. The membrane phase containing Cyanex 302, Span 80, acidic Thiourea, and kerosene as carrier, surfactant, stripping agent, and diluent respectively. Results demonstrated that 99.89% of silver ion was extracted and ionic liquid show good performance on emulsion stability with 10% swelling.

Role of Dilute Polymer Solution in Penicillin G Extraction by Emulsion Liquid Membranes

Lee, Sang Cheol,Yeo, Sun Mi 한국공업화학회 2002 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.8 No.2

Penicillin G was extracted using a secondary amine, Amberlite LA-2, as a carrier by emulsion liquid membranes (ELMs) in a batch system, where a dilute polymer solution was used as the organic membrane phase, which followed non-Newtonian behavior. The effect of the concentrations of the polymer and surfactant in the membrane phase on the extraction of penicillin G was investigated. To analyze the ELM system, the emulsion swelling and viscosities of the membrane and emulsion phases were also measured before or after the extraction. With the addition of a small quantity of polymer to the membrane phase, the emulsion swelling was reduced without any decrease in the final degree of extraction. Accordingly, the applicability of ELM processes with use of a dilute polymer solution to penicillin G extraction would appear to be promising.

Selective separation of various heavy metals from synthesized phosphoric acid solutions

Yong-Gyun Park,김극태 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.95 No.-

Separating the impurities (such as metallic ions) from phosphoric acid solutions has been a majorchallenge in phosphoric acid purification as current technologies (such as solvent extraction) are costly. Therefore, emulsion liquid membranes (ELMs) were employed in this study as an alternative technologyfor the purification of phosphoric acid solutions due to their outstanding selectivity, high extractionefficiency, and relatively low energy consumption compared to other separation methods. Three carrieragents (Cyanex 301, Cyanex 302, and Alamine 336) were evaluated for their suitability in extractingvarious metallic ions, for the development and optimization of a Type II ELM system in a Taylor-vortexcolumn. At moderate pH (>2), ELMs with Alamine 336 were most efficient (metal removal efficiency ofalmost 100%); however, their removal efficiency significantly decreased for the simulated phosphoricacid solution. Only ELMs with Cyanex 301 showed the potential to separate some of the tested metals,such as cadmium, lead, and zinc from the synthesized phosphoric acid. The observed failure of the ELMprocess for the extraction of multiple metals might have resulted from either the lack of proper bondingbetween the carrier agents and metals or the instability of emulsion membranes under extreme pHconditions.

Extraction and concentration of cobalt from acidic leach solutions containing Co–Ni by emulsion liquid membrane using TOA as extractant

Recep Ali Kumbasar 한국공업화학회 2010 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.16 No.3

The present investigation deals with carrier-facilitated membrane transport of cobalt from acidic leach solutions containing cobalt and nickel by emulsion liquid membrane (ELM). In this work, the zinc plant electrolyte purification was leached with hydrochloric acid and main acidic leach solution containing Zn(II), Cu(II), Fe(II), Cd(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) ions was obtained. After Zn(II), Cu(II), Fe(II) and Cd(II) ions in the acidic leach solution were separated, the important parameters influencing the extent of cobalt extraction were investigated and optimumconditions were determined. Cobalt transport was influenced by number of parameters like cobalt initial concentration, mixing speed, extractant concentration,surfactant concentration, the stripping solution type and concentration, and the feed solution acid concentration. After the optimum parameter values were determined, cobalt from the acidic leach solution containing 100 mg Co/L and 200 mg Ni/L was almost completely extracted within 10 min. The results showed that it is possible to extract 99% of cobalt by using ELM from the acidic leach solutions containing Zn(II), Cu(II), Fe(II), Cd(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) ions at the optimum operating conditions. 2010 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Leakage and swell in emulsion liquid membrane systems: Comparing continuous stirred-tank reactor and batch experiments

Randolph M. Pfeiffer,Annette L. Bunge 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.87 No.-

Emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) systems can efficiently extract and concentrate dilute solutes in avariety of applications and chemistries. Internal phase leakage and swell reduce extraction efficiency andconcentration, which limits their use. Nearly all studies of ELM leakage and swell have been conducted inbatch systems, although continuousflow systems are preferred for industrial applications. The objectiveof this investigation was to assess the ability of batch experiments to predict continuous systemperformance with respect to internal phase leakage and swell. The effects offive factors (surfactantconcentration, osmotic pressure, membrane viscosity, internal phase volume fraction, and extractionvessel stir rate) on leakage and swell were measured in a continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) systemwithout solute extraction. The results were compared with those reported previously for a batch systemwith the same experimental conditions and vessel geometry. Overall, the effects of thefive factors in theCSTR system are qualitatively consistent with the batch system observations, suggesting that theinfluential variables in the batch system are similarly influential in the CSTR system. Leakage and swell inthe CSTR and batch systems are correlated with similar amounts of swell in both systems but consistentlysmaller leakage in the CSTR configuration.