Structural dynamics of keyword networks: Liquid crystal display and plasma display panel cases

Yang, H.,Jung, W.S. Elsevier Science Publishers 2016 Journal of Engineering and Technology Management Vol.40 No.-

<P>This study focuses on understanding scientific evolution by using keyword co-occurrence networks, where keywords appearing in a scientific article are linked with a weight equal to the number of co-occurrences. To characterize structural changes of the network, we examine distributions of sums of weights by node over time. In particular, a change of power-law behavior is utilized to explore scientific evolution, such as emerging scientific paradigms and advancing normal science. As an illustration of the method used, the development of Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) and Plasma Display Panels (PDPs) is tracked. We detect two-tiered power-law distributions in the initial stage of scientific growth in both technologies due to differences in research intensity between two groups. The groups of keywords more likely to attract researchers' interest than others are incrementally developed until the mid-2000s to overtake those prior. Finally, we can capture a merging point of the dichotomous structure of PDPs but LCDs maintain the structural separation throughout the adjustment area. We expect that this structural investigation of keyword co-occurrence networks provides an indicator to diagnose the research evolution in that field. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier B.V.</P>

Description and classification for facilitating interoperability of heterogeneous data/events/services in the Internet of Things

Yim, H.J.,Seo, D.,Jung, H.,Back, M.K.,Kim, I.,Lee, K.C. Elsevier Science Publishers 2017 Neurocomputing Vol.256 No.-

<P>The Internet of Things (loT) refers to an infrastructure that integrates things over standard wired/wireless networks and allows them to exchange information with each other. The loT is a very complex heterogeneous network, enabling seamless integration of these things is a huge challenge. A publish/subscribe method of integration can be formulated to solve the problems of interconnecting billions of heterogeneous things. In our work, an IoT framework that uses an abstraction layer that decouples an application from the service calls and network interfaces is required to send and receive messages on a particular thing. This paper provides definitions and classifications for heterogeneous data/events/services according to the properties of the things in order to integrate them into a framework for description. Based on these definitions and classifications, heterogeneous data/events/services in the loT were integrated via topic description through the Data Distribution Service (DDS) middleware standard for real-time publish/subscribe. This paper also concludes with general remarks and a discussion of future work. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

WITHDRAWN: Spectroscopic characterization of selected functionalized fullerenes - IR absorption and Raman scattering studies

Lewandowska, K.,Barszcz, B.,Graja, A.,Nam, S.Y.,Han, Y.S.,Kim, T.D.,Lee, K.S. Elsevier Science Publishers 2014 Materials chemistry and physics Vol.148 No.3

The Publisher regrets that this article is an accidental duplication of an article that has already been published in <Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 118, (2014) 204 - 209>, http://dx.doi.org/<10.1016/j.saa.2013.08.102>. The duplicate article has therefore been withdrawn. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.

Identification and quantification of myosin heavy chain isoforms in bovine and porcine longissimus muscles by LC-MS/MS analysis

Kim, G.D.,Jeong, T.C.,Cho, K.M.,Jeong, J.Y. Applied Science Publishers ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2017 Meat science Vol.125 No.-

<P>To identify and quantify the myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms in porcine and bovine longissimus thoracis (LT) muscles, LC-MS/MS and label-free quantification were conducted. 2a, 2x, 2b and slow isoforms were identified in porcine LT muscle, whereas bovine LT muscle contained 2a, 2x and slow isoforms. The highest peak intensity (4432%) of MHC 2b was observed in porcine LT muscle, whereas the peak intensity of MHC 2a was the highest (71.15%) in bovine LT muscle (p < 0.05). MHC-based fiber compositions for porcine and bovine LT were also the highest in types BB (61.13%) and IIA (61.90%), respectively (p < 0.05). Spectral count and peak intensity had positive correlations with MHC-based fiber composition (p < 0.01), however the spectral count and peak intensity of total peptides were not acceptable for MHC quantification because of the limited reliability of the protein and common peptide, respectively. Therefore, the peak intensity of unique peptides would be the most acceptable trait for WHC quantification. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Effect of tempering methods on quality changes of pork loin frozen by cryogenic immersion

Choi, E.J.,Park, H.W.,Chung, Y.B.,Park, S.H.,Kim, J.S.,Chun, H.H. Applied Science Publishers ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2017 Meat science Vol.124 No.-

<P>The quality characteristics of pork loin frozen by cryogenic immersion were examined, such as the drip loss, cooking loss, water holding capacity, moisture content, protein solubility, lipid and protein oxidation, color, and microstructure, and compared after different tempering methods: radio frequency (27.12 MHz), water immersion, forced-air convection, and microwave tempering. Forced-air tempering was the most time-consuming process, whereas electromagnetic energy methods (radio frequency and microwave) were the shortest. The tempering rate of radio frequency at 400 W was 5 and 94 times greater than that obtained with water immersion and forced-air tempering, respectively. The drip loss, water holding capacity, moisture content, color, and microstructure of pork samples all declined as a result of microwave tempering. By contrast, the least degree of changes in the drip loss, microstructure, and color of the pork loin samples was obtained with radio frequency tempering, suggesting its potential application in providing rapid defrosting without quality deterioration in the frozen meat industry. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Teriyaki sauce with carvacrol or thymol effectively controls Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium, and indigenous flora in marinated beef and marinade

Moon, H.,Kim, N.H.,Kim, S.H.,Kim, Y.,Ryu, J.H.,Rhee, M.S. Applied Science Publishers ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2017 Meat science Vol.129 No.-

<P>An effective bactericidal cold-marinating method for beef products is described, exploiting the synergism between soy sauce and natural compounds (carvacrol, CV or thymol, TM) to reduce microbiological risks. Beef slices inoculated with Escherichia coli 0157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella Typhimurium (3.1-3.5 log CFU/g) were marinated in a teriyaki sauce with or without CV and TM (0.3 and 0.5%). After 1, 3, and 7 days at 4 degrees C, indigenous microflora population, color, lipid oxidation, marinade uptake, and pH of marinated beef and leftover marinade samples were examined. Teriyaki sauce alone did not reduce or inhibit any of the target pathogens or indigenous bacteria, while 0.5% CV- or TM-containing teriyaki sauce inactivated all inocula without recovery within 7 days (p < 0.05). The pathogens relocated from the beef into the leftover marinade (3.0-3.4 log CFU/mL) were also completely inactivated. The treatment inhibited growth of indigenous aerobic bacteria (p < 0.05) and inactivated coliform bacteria. Physicochemical parameters were not significantly affected (p > 0.05). (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Sequential delivery of TAT-HSP27 and VEGF using microsphere/hydrogel hybrid systems for therapeutic angiogenesis

Shin, S.H.,Lee, J.,Lim, K.S.,Rhim, T.,Lee, S.K.,Kim, Y.H.,Lee, K.Y. Elsevier Science Publishers 2013 Journal of controlled release Vol.166 No.1

Ischemic disease is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates, and therapeutic angiogenesis via systemic or local delivery of protein drugs is one potential approach to treat the disease. In this study, we hypothesized that combined delivery of TAT-HSP27 (HSP27 fused with transcriptional activator) and VEGF could enhance the therapeutic efficacy in an ischemic mouse model, and that sequential release could be critical in therapeutic angiogenesis. Alginate hydrogels containing TAT-HSP27 as an anti-apoptotic agent were prepared, and porous PLGA microspheres loaded with VEGF as an angiogenic agent were incorporated into the hydrogels to prepare microsphere/hydrogel hybrid delivery systems. Sequential in vitro release of TAT-HSP27 and VEGF was achieved by the hybrid systems. TAT-HSP27 was depleted from alginate gels in 7days, while VEGF was continually released for 28days. The release rate of VEGF was attenuated by varying the porous structures of PLGA microspheres. Sequential delivery of TAT-HSP27 and VEGF was critical to protect against muscle degeneration and fibrosis, as well as to promote new blood vessel formation in the ischemic site of a mouse model. This approach to controlling the sequential release behaviors of multiple drugs could be useful in the design of novel drug delivery systems for therapeutic angiogenesis.

¹H and ¹³³Cs nuclear magnetic resonance study of the NH₄ and Cs occupation rates of mixed (NH₄)_2-xCs_xZnCl₄ (x=0, 1, and 2) crystals

Elsevier Science Publishers [etc.] 2012 Chemical physics Vol.400 No.-

The NMR spectra and the spin-lattice relaxation times, T<SUB>1</SUB>, of the <SUP>1</SUP>H and <SUP>133</SUP>Cs nuclei in (NH<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2-x</SUB>Cs<SUB>x</SUB>ZnCl<SUB>4</SUB> (x=0, 1, and 2) single crystals were determined by using NMR spectroscopy. We investigated the crystallographic structures of these crystals by determining the NH<SUB>4</SUB> and Cs occupation probabilities of the two cationic sites. Our NMR experimental results confirm that in (NH<SUB>4</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>ZnCl<SUB>4</SUB> there are two crystallographically inequivalent NH<SUB>4</SUB> groups, NH<SUB>4</SUB>(1) and NH<SUB>4</SUB>(2), occupying the A<SUB>1</SUB> and A<SUB>2</SUB> sites, and that in Cs<SUB>2</SUB>ZnCl<SUB>4</SUB> there are two crystallographically inequivalent Cs ions, Cs(1) and Cs(2), occupying the A<SUB>1</SUB> and A<SUB>2</SUB> sites. Both types of NH<SUB>4</SUB> ions and both types of Cs ions are found in mixed NH<SUB>4</SUB>CsZnCl<SUB>4</SUB> crystals; the occupation rates of the two different sites are 1 and 1 for Cs(1) and Cs(2), respectively, and 1 and 1 for NH<SUB>4</SUB>(1) and NH<SUB>4</SUB>(2), respectively.

Coherent phonons in carbon nanotubes and graphene

Kim, J.H.,Nugraha, A.R.T.,Booshehri, L.G.,Haroz, E.H.,Sato, K.,Sanders, G.D.,Yee, K.J.,Lim, Y.S.,Stanton, C.J.,Saito, R.,Kono, J. Elsevier Science Publishers [etc.] 2013 Chemical physics Vol.413 No.-

We review recent studies of coherent phonons (CPs) corresponding to the radial breathing mode (RBM) and G-mode in single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and graphene. Because of the bandgap-diameter relationship, RBM-CPs cause bandgap oscillations in SWCNTs, modulating interband transitions at terahertz frequencies. Interband resonances enhance CP signals, allowing for chirality determination. Using pulse shaping, one can selectively excite specific-chirality SWCNTs within an ensemble. G-mode CPs exhibit temperature-dependent dephasing via interaction with RBM phonons. Our microscopic theory derives a driven oscillator equation with a density-dependent driving term, which correctly predicts CP trends within and between (2n+m) families. We also find that the diameter can initially increase or decrease. Finally, we theoretically study the radial breathing like mode in graphene nanoribbons. For excitation near the absorption edge, the driving term is much larger for zigzag nanoribbons. We also explain how the armchair nanoribbon width changes in response to laser excitation.

Robust PEGylated hyaluronic acid nanoparticles as the carrier of doxorubicin: Mineralization and its effect on tumor targetability in vivo

Han, H.S.,Lee, J.,Kim, H.R.,Chae, S.Y.,Kim, M.,Saravanakumar, G.,Yoon, H.Y.,You, D.G.,Ko, H.,Kim, K.,Kwon, I.C.,Park, J.C.,Park, J.H. Elsevier Science Publishers 2013 Journal of controlled release Vol.168 No.2

The in vivo stability and tumor targetability of self-assembled polymeric nanoparticles are crucial for effective drug delivery. In this study, to develop biostable nanoparticles with high tumor targetability, poly(ethylene glycol)-conjugated hyaluronic acid nanoparticles (PEG-HANPs) were mineralized through controlled deposition of inorganic calcium and phosphate ions on the nanoparticular shell via a sequential addition method. The resulting nanoparticles (M-PEG-HANPs) had a smaller size (153.7+/-4.5nm) than bare PEG-HANPs (265.1+/-9.5nm), implying that mineralization allows the formation of compact nanoparticles. Interestingly, when the mineralized nanoparticles were exposed to acidic buffer conditions (<pH6.5), their sizes increased rapidly due to dissolution of the inorganic minerals. Doxorubicin (DOX), chosen as the model anticancer drug, was effectively encapsulated into the bare and mineralized nanoparticles. For bare PEG-HANPs, DOX was released in a sustained manner and its release rate was not dependent on the pH of the solution. On the other hand, DOX release from M-PEG-HANPs was pH-dependent: i.e. DOX was slowly released from nanoparticles under physiological condition (pH7.4), whereas its release rates were much higher at mildly acidic environments (<pH6.5). From in vivo biodistribution study, it was found that M-PEG-HANPs could reach the tumor site more effectively than bare PEG-HANPs. The antitumor efficacy of DOX-loaded nanoparticles was evaluated after systemic administration into the tumor-bearing mice. Of the samples tested, the most effective antitumor efficacy was observed for DOX-loaded M-PEG-HANPs. Overall, these results suggest that M-PEG-HANPs could be a promising carrier for an anticancer drug.