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atsushi Kojima,A. Itakura,H. Kakiuchi,H. Higaki,K. Ishii,M. Ichimura,M. Yoshikawa,N. Kaidou,S. Fujimoto,T. Cho,T. Yamaguchi,Y. Miyata 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.III
The radial particle flux induced by drift-type fluctuations is observed by use of a gold neutral beam probe in the tandem mirror GAMMA 10. When the drift waves are excited in the plasma, the measured phase difference between the density and potential fluctuations is not zero; the radial profile of the phase difference is not constant. This showed that the radial particle flux had some profile and then the density profile would be varied due to the radial particle transport induced by the fluctuations through the radial particle flux. Experimental results showed the density reduction due to the transport induced by the drift-type fluctuations. The phase difference is an important parameter to decide the radial particle flux. The profiles of the phase difference are measured to understand the decision mechanism of the phase difference. The radial profile of the phase difference is varied by the ion heating power, the density and the potential profiles. As a result, the phase difference had a correlation with the difference between the local drift frequency (the electron diamagnetic drift frequency and the E×B drift frequency) and the observed frequency.
Laparoscopic and Robotic Liver Resection Using Advanced 3D Liver Simulation Software
( Atsushi Sugioka ),( Yutaro Kato ),( Yoshinao Tanahashi ),( Tadashi Kagawa ),( Masayuki Kojima ),( Sanae Nakajima ),( Syo-ichiro Tsuji ),( Ichiro Uyama ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1
Background: Minimally invasive liver resection including laparoscopic and robotic liver resection is a rapidly developing field withthe greatest potential. However, the spatial disorientation is one of the biggest issues that would increase the risk of dangerousbleeding and bile leakage. To overcome this issue, it is of crucial importance to standardize anatomical liver resection with extrahepaticGlissonean pedicle-first approach and to use advanced 3D liver simulation software that can visualize the Glissoneansystem.Methods: We proposed a novel concept of liver anatomy based on Laennec’s capsule that can standardize the extrahepaticGlissonean pedicle approach. Whereas Synapse 3D® is the first simulation software to use face recognition technology for clinical3D simulation and visualization of the Glissonean system are available since version 4.4.Results: Owing to the novel concept of liver anatomy, anatomical liver resection with extrahepatic Glissonean pedicle-first approachwas standardized and target area was well recognized prior to parenchymal dissection with minimal bleeding and bileleakage from the resecting plane. Preoperative 3D simulation and intraoperative navigation contributed to perform systematicanatomical liver resection without spatial disorientation even for the cases with anatomical abnormalities such as right-sidedligamentum teres.Conclusion: Minimally invasive liver resection including laparoscopic and robotic resection became safe and curable procedureswith the novel concept of liver anatomy and advanced 3D liver simulation.
Nobuko Kojima,Tada Hayato,Akihiro Nomura,Soichiro Usui,Kenji Sakata,Kenshi Hayashi,Atsushi Nohara,Akihiro Inazu,Masa-aki Kawashiri,Masayuki Takamura 한국지질동맥경화학회 2024 지질·동맥경화학회지 Vol.13 No.1
ObjectiveSitosterolemia is a rare autosomal recessive disease caused by the deleterious variants of adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette sub-family G member 5 (ABCG5) or ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 8 (ABCG8). There are only few data on the pathogenicity of ABCG5 and ABCG8. This study aimed to propose a scheme for determining variant pathogenicity and to catalog the putative pathogenic variants in sitosterolemia. MethodsThis study enrolled 377 consecutive Japanese patients with hyper-low-density lipoprotein cholesterolemia (mean age: 46.5±19.8 years, with 192 men) who have targeted-sequenced data on ABCG5 or ABCG8 (among 21 Mendelian lipid genes for any dyslipidemias) and serum sitosterol levels at Kanazawa University Hospital from 2016 to 2021. Serum sitosterol levels were divided by 0.79 in patients treated with ezetimibe, accounting for the average reduction with this drug. ABCG5 or ABCG8 variants were defined as putative pathogenic if associated with serum sitosterol levels ≥5 µg/mL or homozygous if associated with serum sitosterol levels ≥10 µg/mL. ResultsTwenty-three ABCG5 or ABCG8 variants (16 missense, 2 nonsense, 2 frameshift, 2 deletion, and 1 splice mutation) were identified. Based on our definition, 11 putative pathogenic variants (median sitosterol level: 10.1 [6.5–17.1] µg/mL) were found in 36 individuals and 12 benign variants (median sitosterol: 3.5 [2.5–4.1] µg/mL) in 14 individuals. ConclusionThe scheme proposed for assessing the pathogenicity of genetic variations (ABCG5 and ABCG8) is useful. Using this scheme, 11 putative pathogenic, and 12 benign variants in ABCG5 or ABCG were classified.
AKINORI FURUSAWA,Fumio Kojima,ATSUSHI MORIKAWA 한국원자력학회 2015 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.47 No.2
The aim of this work is to demonstrate a method for exciting and receiving torsional andlongitudinal mode guided waves with an electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) ringarray. First of all, a three-dimensional guided wave simulator is developed in order tonumerically analyze the propagation of the guided wave. The finite difference time domainmethod is used for the simulator. Second, two guided wave testing systems using an EMATring array are provided: one is for torsional mode (T-mode) guided wave and the other is forlongitudinal mode (L-mode). The EMATs used in the both systems are the same in design. A method to generate and receive the T- and L-mode guided waves with the same EMATis proposed. Finally, experimental and numerical results are compared and discussed. The results of experiments and simulation agree well, showing the potential of theEMAT ring array as a mode controllable guided wave transmitter and receiver
Yutaro Sasaki,Akiko Kojima-Yuasa,Hinako Tadano,Ayaka Mizuno,Atsushi Kon,Toshio Norikura 한국영양학회 2022 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.16 No.2
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a high concentration of uremic toxins in their blood and often experience muscle atrophy. Indoxyl sulfate (IS) is a uremic toxin produced by tryptophan metabolism. Although an elevated IS level may induce muscle dysfunction, the effect of IS on physiological concentration has not been elucidated. Additionally, the effects of ursolic acid (UA) on muscle hypertrophy have been reported in healthy models; however, it is unclear whether UA ameliorates muscle dysfunction associated with chronic diseases, such as CKD. Thus, this study aimed to investigate whether UA can improve the IS-induced impairment of mitochondrial biogenesis. MATERIALS/METHODS: C2C12 cells were incubated with or without IS (0.1 mM) and UA (1 or 2 μM) to elucidate the physiological effect of UA on CKD-related mitochondrial dysfunction and its related mechanisms using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: IS suppressed the expression of differentiation marker genes without decreasing cell viability. IS decreased the mitochondrial DNA copy number and ATP levels by downregulating the genes pertaining to mitochondrial biogenesis (Ppargc1a, Nrf1, Tfam, Sirt1, and Mef2c), fusion (Mfn1 and Mfn2), oxidative phosphorylation (Cycs and Atp5b), and fatty acid oxidation (Pdk4, Acadm, Cpt1b, and Cd36). Furthermore, IS increased the intracellular mRNA and secretory protein levels of interleukin (IL)-6. Finally, UA ameliorated the IS-induced impairment in C2C12 cells. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicated that UA improves the IS-induced impairment of mitochondrial biogenesis by affecting differentiation, ATP levels, and IL-6 secretion in C2C12 cells. Therefore, UA could be a novel therapeutic agent for CKD-induced muscle dysfunction.
Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering Study on PVA/Fe3O4 Magnetic Hydrogels
Sunaryono,Ahmad Taufiq,Edy Giri Rahman Putra,Atsushi Okazawa,Isao Watanabe,Norimichi Kojima,Supagorn Rugmai,Siriwat Soontaranon,Mohammad Zainuri,Triwikantoro,Suminar Pratapa,Darminto 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2016 NANO Vol.11 No.3
A synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) study on PVA/Fe3O4 magnetic hydrogels has been performed to investigate the effect of clustering on their magnetic properties. The hydrogels were prepared through freezing–thawing (F–T) processes. The structure, morphology and magnetic properties of magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) were investigated using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer, respectively. In this study, SAXS data were used to reveal the structural dimensions of the magnetite and its distribution in the polymer-rich PVA and magnetic hydrogels. As calculated using the Beaucage and Teubner–Strey models, the average of the structural dimensions of the PVA hydrogels was 3.9 nm (crystallites), while the average distance between crystallites was approximately 18 nm. Further analysis by applying a two-lognormal distribution showed that the magnetite NPs comprised secondary particles with a diameter of 9.6 nm that were structured by primary particles (~3.2 nm). A two-lognormal distribution function has also been used in describing the size distributions of magnetite NPs in magnetic hydrogels. The clusters of magnetite NPs in the magnetic hydrogels are significantly reduced from 30.4 nm to 12.8 nm with decreasing concentration of the NPs magnetite from 15 wt.% to 1 wt.%. The saturation magnetization values of the magnetite NPs, the 15% and 1% magnetic hydrogels were 34.67 emu/g, 6.52 emu/g and 0.37 emu/g, respectively.
Beam Sweeping for Long-Pulse Operation of an Ion Source in Neutral Beam Injectors
Chang, Doo-Hee,Kim, Tae-Seong,Park, Min,Jung, Bong-Ki,Jeong, Seung Ho,Lee, Kwang Won,In, Sang Ryul,Kojima, Atsushi,Kashiwagi, Mieko,Hanada, Masaya AMERICAN NUCLEAR SOCIETY, INC. 2017 Fusion science and technology Vol.72 No.2