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Li Min,Li Tao,Zheng Jia,Qiao Zongwei,Zhang Kaizheng,Luo Huibo,Zou Wei 한국미생물·생명공학회 2023 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.33 No.10
Caproic acid is a precursor substance for the synthesis of ethyl caproate, the main flavor substance of nongxiangxing baijiu liquor. In this study, Clostridium butyricum GD1-1, a strain with high caproic acid concentration (3.86 g/l), was isolated from the storage pit mud of nongxiangxing baijiu for sequencing and analysis. The strain’s genome was 3,840,048 bp in length with 4,050 open reading frames. In addition, virulence factor annotation analysis showed C. butyricum GD1-1 to be safe at the genetic level. However, the annotation results using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Automatic Annotation Server predicted a deficiency in the strain’s synthesis of alanine, methionine, and biotin. These results were confirmed by essential nutrient factor validation experiments. Furthermore, the optimized medium conditions for caproic acid concentration by strain GD1-1 were (g/l): glucose 30, NaCl 5, yeast extract 10, peptone 10, beef paste 10, sodium acetate 11, L-cysteine 0.6, biotin 0.004, starch 2, and 2.0% ethanol. The optimized fermentation conditions for caproic acid production by C. butyricum GD1-1 on a single-factor basis were: 5% inoculum volume, 35°C, pH 7, and 90% loading volume. Under optimal conditions, the caproic acid concentration of strain GD1-1 reached 5.42 g/l, which was 1.40 times higher than the initial concentration. C. butyricum GD1-1 could be further used in caproic acid production, NXXB pit mud strengthening and maintenance, and artificial pit mud preparation.
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Zhang, Bei,Wang, Yanping,Tan, Zhongfang,Li, Zongwei,Jiao, Zhen,Huang, Qunce Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.10
In this study, 69 lactobacilli isolated from Tibetan Qula, a raw yak milk cheese, were screened for their potential use as probiotics. The isolates were tested in terms of: Their ability to survive at pH 2.0, pH 3.0, and in the presence of 0.3% bile salts; tolerance of simulated gastric and intestinal juices; antimicrobial activity; sensitivity against 11 specific antibiotics; and their cell surface hydrophobicity. The results show that out of the 69 strains, 29 strains (42%) had survival rates above 90% after 2 h of incubation at pH values of 2.0 or 3.0. Of these 29 strains, 21 strains showed a tolerance for 0.3% bile salt. Incubation of these 21 isolates in simulated gastrointestinal fluid for 3 h revealed survival rates above 90%; the survival rate for 20 of these isolates remained above 90% after 4 h of incubation in simulated intestinal fluid. The viable counts of bacteria after incubation in simulated gastric fluid for 3 h and simulated intestinal fluid for 4 h were both significantly different compared with the counts at 0 h (p<0.001). Further screening performed on the above 20 isolates indicated that all 20 lactobacilli strains exhibited inhibitory activity against Micrococcus luteus ATCC 4698, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115, and Salmonella enterica ATCC 43971. Moreover, all of the strains were resistant to vancomycin and streptomycin. Of the 20 strains, three were resistant to all 11 elected antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, tetracycline, penicillin G, ampicillin, streptomycin, polymyxin B, vancomycin, chloramphenicol, rifampicin, and gentamicin) in this study, and five were sensitive to more than half of the antibiotics. Additionally, the cell surface hydrophobicity of seven of the 20 lactobacilli strains was above 70%, including strains Lactobacillus casei 1,133 (92%), Lactobacillus plantarum 1086-1 (82%), Lactobacillus casei 1089 (81%), Lactobacillus casei 1138 (79%), Lactobacillus buchneri 1059 (78%), Lactobacillus plantarum 1141 (75%), and Lactobacillus plantarum 1197 (71%). Together, these results suggest that these seven strains are good probiotic candidates, and that tolerance against bile acid, simulated gastric and intestinal juices, antimicrobial activity, antibiotic resistance, and cell surface hydrophobicity could be adopted for preliminary screening of potentially probiotic lactobacilli.
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Huili Pang,Zhongfang Tan,Guangyong Qin,Yanping Wang,Zongwei Li,Qingsheng Jin,Yimin Cai 한국미생물학회 2012 The journal of microbiology Vol.50 No.1
A total of 140 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains were isolated from corn, alfalfa, clover, sainfoin, and Indian goosegrass in the Tibetan Plateau. According to phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, 16S rDNA sequence, and recA gene PCR amplification, these LAB isolates were identified as belonging to five genera and nine species. Corn contained more LAB species than other forage crops. Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides, Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, Lactobacillus brevis, and Weissella paramesenteroides were dominant members of the LAB population on alfalfa, clover, sainfoin, and Indian goosegrass, respectively. The comprehensive 16S rDNA and recA-based approach effectively described the LAB community structure of the relatively abundant LAB species distributed on different forage crops. This is the first report describing the diversity and natural populations of LAB associated with Tibetan forage crops, and most isolates grow well at or below 10°C. The results will be valuable for the future design of appropriate inoculants for silage fermentation in this very cold area.
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Two-way predation between larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda and Spodoptera litura
Wang Yuxue,Mbiza Natasha Isabel Tanatsiwa,Yu Yonghao,Zhang Haoran,Hu Zongwei,Liu Ting,Wang Yi,Zhang Yi,Luo Xincheng,Chu Longyan,Yang Yazhen,Wang Xiangping,Li Chuanren,He Hua,Zhang Jianmin 한국응용곤충학회 2024 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.27 No.2
Spodoptera frugiperda has co-occurred with Spodoptera litura in corn fields since it invaded China on December 2018. In our process of rearing S. frugiperda and S. litura larvae in the lab, we discovered that when the larvae of S. litura and S. frugiperda were on the same host plant, two-way predation between them occurred. However, a detailed study on this phenomenon has not been previously reported. Therefore, the study on the two-way predation between larvae of S. frugiperda and S. litura was performed under mimicking natural conditions including the presence or absence of maize leaves. The results showed that 4th instar larvae of S. frugiperda could prey actively on the 3rd instar larvae of S. litura under natural conditions in the greenhouse, and there was twoway predation between S. frugiperda and S. litura larvae in either the presence or absence of maize leaves in the lab. In addition, the difference in the daily predation number of old S. frugiperda larvae (including 4th,5th and 6th instar) on S. litura 1st, 2nd and 3rd instar larvae respectively was significant between presence and absence of maize leaves. Similarly, the difference in the daily predation number of S. litura old larvae (including 4th, 5th and 6th instar) on S. frugiperda young 1st, 2nd and 3rd instar larvae respectively was very significant between presence and absence of maize leaves. These results confirm that two-way predation exists between larvae of S. frugiperda and S. litura, and S.frugiperda larvae are in a dominant position in this struggle, which provides an understanding of S. frugiperda feeding when coexisting with S. litura.
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