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A 2 GS/s, 6-bit DAC for UWB Applications In 0.18 ㎛ CMOS Technology
Yi Zhang,Zhonghua Liu,Changchun Zhang,Yufeng Guo,Ying Zhang,Xiaopeng Li,Youtao Zhang,Hao Gao 대한전자공학회 2019 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.19 No.6
To satisfy higher and higher transmission rate and broadband requirement of modern communication, high-speed, low-resolution Digital-to-Analog Converters (DACs) becomes the key element. In this paper, the design of a 2 GS/s, 6 bit DAC without calibration for Ultra-wideband (UWB) applications, is presented. The DAC is based on current steering architecture and is segmented with 4 bit unary and 2 bit binary. To realize larger linear range and fast switching, the source degeneration switch is designed instead of the traditional differential switch. The DAC is designed and taped-out in SMIC 0.18 ㎜ CMOS technology and the area is 975 ㎛´ 775 ㎛. The wafer bonding measurement results shows that the DNL is 0.11 LSB, INL is 0.25 LSB. Under a clock frequency of 2 ㎓, the DAC can achieve a SFDR of 51 ㏈ for input signal of 6㎒, and a SFDR of 32.4 ㏈ for Nyquist input while the power consumption is 79 ㎽.
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Pin-Chao Liao,Zhonghua Guo,Chung-Han Tsai,Jiawei Ding 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.5
Inspection is the most critical phase of controlling and mitigating safety risks. However, current safety inspection practices areheavily experience-driven without considering generic interrelationships of safety risks. In this study, we performed a partitionanalysis based on risk interrelationships using inspection data with the goal of discovering distribution patterns of safety risks. Ourresults exhibit consistent chronological connections between risk attributes, including spatial and temporal characteristics. Themechanics of safety risk interrelationships were further investigated. In terms of the spatial aspects, ongoing unsafe conditions wereobserved in multiple locations. Spatial resource limitations and the interfaces at various locations were found to be key contributorsto risk interrelationships. In terms of temporal aspects, a high similarity of work at different times and ongoing unsafe conditionswere considered as key contributors. Practical Application: By understanding the spatial–temporal interrelationships of the riskcharacteristics, managers can develop improved strategies for devising inspection routes, which will thereby improve inspectionefficacy.
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Han Hu,Changsheng Jiang,Binzhou Zhan,Nan Guo,Zhonghua Li,Xiaozhen Guo,Yang Wang,Binlei Liu,Qigai He 대한수의학회 2021 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.22 No.5
Background: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been identified as promising compounds for consideration as novel antimicrobial agents. Objectives: This study analyzed the efficacy of cecropin B against Haemophilus parasuis isolates through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) experiments. Results: Cecropin B exhibited broad inhibition activity against 15 standard Haemophilus parasuis (HPS) strains and 5 of the clinical isolates had minimum inhibition concentrations (MICs) ranging from 2 to 16 μg/mL. Microelectrophoresis and hexadecane adsorption assays indicated that the more hydrophobic and the higher the isoelectric point (IEP) of the strain, the more sensitive it was to cecropin B. Through SEM, multiple blisters of various shapes and dents on the cell surface were observed. Protrusions and leakage were detected by AFM. Conclusions: Based on the results, cecropin B could inhibit HPS via a pore-forming mechanism by interacting with the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria. Moreover, as cecropin B concentration increased, the bacteria membrane was more seriously damaged. Thus, cecropin B could be developed as an effective anti-HPS agent for use in clinical applications.
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