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Aero-Optical Diagnostic Technique for the Hypersonic Boundary Layer Transition on a Flat Plate
Li, Ruiqu,Gong, Jian,Bi, Zhixian,Ma, Handong The Society for Aerospace System Engineering 2015 International Journal of Aerospace System Engineer Vol.2 No.2
A new cross disciplinary conception of transitional aero-optics is built up during analyzing and measuring the linkage between the hypersonic boundary layer transition on a flat plate and the jittering characteristics of the small-aperture beam through that boundary layer. Based on that conception, the Small-Aperture Beam Technique (SABT) and high-speed Imaging Camera System (ICS) used in aero-optical studies are considered as new techniques for the assessment of the hypersonic transition in the boundary layer on a flat plate. In the FD-20 gun tunnel, for the free stream parameters with Mach number of 8 and unit Reynolds number of $1{\times}10^7$ (1/m), those two optical techniques are used to measure the jitter of the small-aperture beam. At the same free stream parameters, the distribution of the heat transfer along the centerline of the flat plate is also measured by the thin film resistance gauge technique. The results show the similarity of the increase trend between the heat transfer and the jitter of the small-aperture beam in the transitional region. It helps us to surmise that it may be feasible to diagnose the transition in a hypersonic boundary layer on a flat plate by means of those above optical techniques.
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Yu Cui,Li Yong,Mo Rongli,Deng Wen,Zhu Zhixian,Hu Xingming 한국원예학회 2020 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.61 No.6
The ecological distribution and activities of soil microbes can refl ect the infl uence of environmental factors on microbes andchanges in soil fertility. Understanding the community structure of the soil microbes is of great importance to maintaining soilhealth in ancient mulberry plantation ecosystems. In this study, the population structure of soil microorganisms in diff erentages of mulberry plantations was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing technology. A total of 1616, 1568, 1379 and1477 operational taxonomic units were acquired from samples of 3Y (3-year-old), 35Y (35-year-old), 200Y (200-year-old)and 600Y (600-year-old) soils, respectively. The results exhibited that the highest community diversity was found in 35Ysoil, followed by 200Y soil, and showed that the stand age strongly infl uenced the community structure of soil bacteria. Atotal of 23 phyla were detected in 12 samples, and the genus of bacteria that predominated the diff erent stand ages mainlyincluded; Phenylobacterium , Cohnella , Lactococcus , Sphingomonas , Bacillus , and Microbispora . The relative abundanceof Phenylobacterium accounts for 22.6–53.5% of the total abundance. This study showed that the richness and diversity ofthe soil bacteria decreased as the stand age increased in ancient mulberry plantations.
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Single nucleotide polymorphism-based analysis of the genetic structure of Liangshan pig population
Liu, Bin,Shen, Linyuan,Guo, Zhixian,Gan, Mailing,Chen, Ying,Yang, Runling,Niu, Lili,Jiang, Dongmei,Zhong, Zhijun,Li, Xuewei,Zhang, Shunhua,Zhu, Li Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2021 Animal Bioscience Vol.34 No.7
Objective: To conserve and utilize the genetic resources of a traditional Chinese indigenous pig breed, Liangshan pig, we assessed the genetic diversity, genetic structure, and genetic distance in this study. Methods: We used 50K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip for SNP detection of 139 individuals in the Liangshan Pig Conservation Farm. Results: The genetically closed conserved population consisted of five overlapping generations, and the total effective content of the population (Ne) was 15. The whole population was divided into five boar families and one non-boar family. Among them, the effective size of each generation subpopulation continuously decreased. However, the proportion of polymorphic markers (P<sub>N</sub>) first decreased and then increased. The average genetic distance of these 139 Liangshan pigs was 0.2823±0.0259, and the average genetic distance of the 14 boars was 0.2723±0.0384. Thus, it can be deduced that the genetic distance changed from generation to generation. In the conserved population, 983 runs of homozygosity (ROH) were detected, and the majority of ROH (80%) were within 100 Mb. The inbreeding coefficient calculated based on ROH showed an average value of 0.026 for the whole population. In addition, the inbreeding coefficient of each generation subpopulation initially increased and then decreased. In the pedigree of the whole conserved population, the error rate of paternal information was more than 11.35% while the maternal information was more than 2.13%. Conclusion: This molecular study of the population genetic structure of Liangshan pig showed loss of genetic diversity during the closed cross-generation reproduction process. It is necessary to improve the mating plan or introduce new outside blood to ensure long-term preservation of Liangshan pig.
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Gaochang Cui,Yu Zhang,Wenjin Zhang,Duoyong Lang,Xiaojia Zhang,Zhixian Li,Xinhui Zhang 한국식물학회 2019 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.62 No.6
Carbon and nitrogen metabolism provide the mainenergy and basic nutrients for plants. However, environmentalstress seriously affects carbon and nitrogen metabolism and thushinders plant growth, especially drought stress and salt stress. Hence, numerous studies have been conducted to investigate theresponse of carbon and nitrogen metabolism to drought stressand salt stress by photosynthesis, sucrose and starch metabolism,nitrogen uptake and amino acids. Previous researchers alsostudied the response of secondary metabolism under bothstresses on account of secondary metabolism may conferprotection against environmental stresses. Our review highlightsthe diverse responses of carbon and nitrogen metabolism todrought stress and salt stress and the content changes of threesecondary metabolites in plants under stresses.
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