Transcriptome explores changes in gene expression profile contributed by Camellia sinensis (L.) in Apis cerana cerana and Apis mellifera ligustica

Zhao Dongxu,Chen Daoyin,Su Xiaoling,Zhang Xiaojun,Liu Yanjie 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.3

Camellia sinensis (L.) is widely cultivated in China and other countries as an economically important tree and supplies unique nutrients to ensure the development of Apis cerana cerana and Apis mellifera ligustica colonies in early spring in southern China. A. c. cerana was domesticated in China many years ago and exhibits a smaller body size, smaller colony size and some distinct physiology and behavior compared to A. m. ligustica. Here, to explore the changes in gene expression induced by C. sinensis in A. c. cerana and A.m. ligustica, we performed transcriptomic analysis of the 1 st -instar, 5 th -instar, 1 st -adult and 7 th -adult stages of the two species fed the nectar and pollen of C. sinensis. A total of 489, 1190, 991 and 243 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the four developmental stages of A. m. ligustica, and 995, 2785, 1513 and 213 DEGs were found in the cor responding stages of A. c. cerana. The changes in the gene expression profile were more significant in the 5 th -instar and 1 st -adult. Furthermore, the upregulated genes in the 5 th -instar and 1 st -adult were mainly enriched in pathways involved in growth- and development-related pathway: Hippo signaling pathway. In addition to the upregulated DEGs, growth- and development-related pathways, including the Wnt signaling pathway, Hedgehog signaling pathway-fly, and FoxO signaling pathway, were enriched in A. c. cerana. Finally, we hypothesized that C. sinensis pollen is beneficial to the growth and development of honeybees and give rise to diverse corresponding regulation to A. c. cerana than to A. m. ligustica.

Robust Tracking Control for Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motors With Unknown Uncertainties via Sliding Mode Approach

Dongxue Fu,Ximei Zhao,Jianguo Zhu 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2024 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.22 No.2

This paper proposes a novel robust super-twisting nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode control method for high precision position tracking of permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM). Based on the position tracking error of PMLSM, a nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode variable is constructed to avoid the singularity and achieve the convergence of the position error in a finite time. To improve the convergence speed of the super-twisting algorithm and solve the gain overestimation problem of the existing algorithm, a dual-layer nested adaptive adjustment law based on the super-twisting scheme is proposed, which does not need the information of the unknown uncertainties. While ensuring that the conditions of the existence of the sliding mode hold, the control gain is made as small as possible to obtain a continuous switching control law to suppress the effect of the chattering phenomenon. The Lyapunov stability proves the robustness and convergence of the system. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness and feasibility of the designed position tracking control scheme.

Nonsingular Terminal Sliding Mode Control Based on Adaptive Time Delay Estimation for Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor

Dongxue Fu,Ximei Zhao,Hao Yuan 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.1

In the presence of uncertainties, the position tracking performance of permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM) will be affected to varying degrees. The time delay estimation (TDE) method can estimate and eliminate the influence of uncertain factors. In order to automatically find the input gain under the optimal TDE error, an adaptive time delay estimation (ATDE) method is proposed by introducing adaptive control. Combined with the nonsingular terminal sliding mode control method, the convergence speed and robust performance of the system are further improved. In addition, through rigorous mathematical analysis, the stability of state variables is proved. Finally, some experimental results are given to prove the effective performance of the control method.

Energy-saving Strategy Based on an Immunization Algorithm for Network Traffic

( Dongyan Zhao ),( Keping Long ),( Dongxue Wang ),( Yichuan Zheng ),( Jiajing Tu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2015 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.9 No.4

The rapid development of both communication traffic and increasing optical network sizes has increased energy consumption. Traditional algorithms and strategies don`t apply to controlling the expanded network. Immunization algorithms originated from the complex system theory are feasible for large-scale systems based on a scale-free network model. This paper proposes the immunization strategy for complex systems which includes random and targeted immunizations to solve energy consumption issues and uses traffic to judge the energy savings from the node immunization. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. Furthermore, this paper provides a possibility for saving energy with optical transmission networks.

Estrangement and Indecisiveness: Imagery of Fire and Ice in Toni Morrison’s Sula

Yeonjin Hahm,Zhao Dongxu 호서대학교 인문사회과학연구소 2020 AI와 인간사회 Vol.1 No.1

토니 모리슨의 『술라』에는 불과 얼음의 이미지가 반복적으로 나타난다. 이는 동서양의 신화에 뿌리를 둔 여러 가지 상징적 의미가 내포되어 있는 바, 인간의 소외감과 우유부단함이 교직되어 있는 구조이다. 본 논문은 『술라』속의 이러한 불이나 얼음/물의 이미지를 맥락적으로 재해석하고 분석함으로써 주인공들의 내면에 깊이 자리하고 있는 괴리감과 생과 사의 모호함, 그리고 정의와 편파성의 편린들을 탐구한다. 작품에 등장하는 다양한 종류의 불의 이미지는 등장인물들의 정신적 충격이나 소원함을 대변해 주기도 한다. 반면, 얼음은 『술라』에서 또 다른 두드러진 이미지로 작동한다. 그것은 때때로 불과는 극명한 대비를 이루며 소화기의 모습으로 묘사되기도 하고, 또 어떤 괴상하거나 참담한 일이 일어날 것을 예시하는 기제로 사용되기도 한다. 나아가 녹고 있는 얼음은 삶과 희망을 암시적으로 상징하기도 한다. 이처럼 소설 속의 불과 얼음의 이미지에 대한 다양한 해석은 등장인물들의 의식을 파헤치고 텍스트에 용해되어 있는 심오한 함의를 탐구하는 데 매우 긴요한 도움이 될 것으로 확신한다.

Estrangement, Identity and Ethno-global Imagination through Thirdspaces in Toni Morrison’s Home

함연진(Yeonjin Hahm),Zhao Dongxu 한국아메리카학회 2020 美國學論集 Vol.52 No.2

Toni Morrison shows how Frank and Cee initiate from the obedient minorities to self-conscious individuals in her tenth novel, Home. This paper focuses on the analysis of Frank’s and Cee’s mental and physical sufferings implemented by society or history, their resistance to domination and reconstitution of identity through the journeys of leaving and returning their home. Spatiality occupies the high priority in Morrison’s narratives. On the journeys, they pass by or shortly stay at many Thirdspaces, which are marginal, hybrid, subversive and radically open. Mapping and studying those Thirdspaces, assist to understand the hidden meanings of geographical places as well as interpret how American minorities undergo discrimination and reconstruct their cultural identities. Drawing on Lefebvre, Soja and Bhabha’s Thirdspace theorization as well as bell hooks’ marginalization viewpoints, this paper focuses on the analysis of protagonists’ mental and physical sufferings implemented by society or history.

Three-dimensional trajectory tracking for underactuated AUVs with bio-inspired velocity regulation

Zhou, Jiajia,Ye, Dingqi,Zhao, Junpeng,He, Dongxu The Society of Naval Architects of Korea 2018 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.10 No.3

This paper attempts to address the motion parameter skip problem associated with three-dimensional trajectory tracking of an underactuated Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) using backstepping-based control, due to the unsmoothness of tracking trajectory. Through kinematics concepts, a three-dimensional dynamic velocity regulation controller is derived. This controller makes use of the surge and angular velocity errors with bio-inspired models and backstepping techniques. It overcomes the frequently occurring problem of parameter skip at inflection point existing in backstepping tracking control method and increases system robustness. Moreover, the proposed method can effectively avoid the singularity problem in backstepping control of virtual velocity error. The control system is proved to be uniformly ultimately bounded using Lyapunov stability theory. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the developed controller, which can realize accurate three-dimensional trajectory tracking for an underactuated AUV with constant external disturbances.

A short-type peptidoglycan recognition protein from Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) exhibits antibacterial activity, and regulates the expression of antimicrobial peptides

Qiao Peitong,Mei Xianghan,Li Ruixiang,Zhao Qiaoling,Xia Dingguo,Qiu Zhiyong,Shen Dongxu 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.4

Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) discriminate and bind peptidoglycans by acting as pattern recog nition receptors (PRRs) in insects, and function pivotal roles in innate immune response. In the present study, we cloned a full-length PGRP gene designed as OfPGRP8 from the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée). Its mRNA exhibited the highest abundance in fat body, and its expression level upregulated dramatically after bacterial challenges. Purified recombinant OfPGRP8 exhibited intensive binding capacity to peptidoglycans from Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus. Additionally, recombinant OfPGRP8 could inhibit the growth of S. aureus, M. luteus. However, recombinant OfPGRP8 could not cause agglutination of S. aureus, M. luteus or Escherichia coli. Furthermore, we also demonstrated that OfPGRP8 may be involved in modulating the signaling pathway of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) synthesis. In sum, our results provided evidence that OfPGRP8 dis criminates peptidoglycans from microbes and acts as a PRR to initiate downstream immune signaling pathways.

Three-dimensional trajectory tracking for underactuated AUVs with bio-inspired velocity regulation

Jiajia Zhou,Dingqi Ye,Junpeng Zhao,Dongxu He 대한조선학회 2018 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.10 No.3

This paper attempts to address the motion parameter skip problem associated with three-dimensional trajectory tracking of an underactuated Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) using backstepping-based control, due to the unsmoothness of tracking trajectory. Through kinematics concepts, a three-dimensional dynamic velocity regulation controller is derived. This controller makes use of the surge and angular velocity errors with bio-inspired models and backstepping techniques. It overcomes the frequently occurring problem of parameter skip at inflection point existing in backstepping tracking control method and increases system robustness. Moreover, the proposed method can effectively avoid the singularity problem in backstepping control of virtual velocity error. The control system is proved to be uniformly ultimately bounded using Lyapunov stability theory. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the developed controller, which can realize accurate three-dimensional trajectory tracking for an underactuated AUV with constant external disturbances.

Analysis of corrugated steel web beam bridges using spatial grid modelling

Dong Xu,Yingsheng Ni,Yu Zhao 국제구조공학회 2015 Steel and Composite Structures, An International J Vol.18 No.4

Up to now, Japan has more than 200 corrugated steel web composite beam bridges which are under construction and have been constructed, and China has more than 30 corrugated steel web composite beam bridges. The bridge type includes the simply supported beam, continuous beam, continuous rigid frame and cable stayed bridge etc. The section form has developed to the single box and multi-cell box girder from the original single box and single chamber. From the stress performance and cost saving, the span range of 50~150 m is the most competitive. At present, the design mostly adopts the computational analytical method combining the spatial bar system model, plane beam grillage model and solid model. However, the spatial bar system model is short of the refinement analysis on the space effect, such as the shear lag effect, effective distribution width problem, and eccentric load factor problem etc. Due to the similarity of the plane beam grillage method in the equivalence principle, it cannot accurately reflect the shearing stress distribution and local stress of the top and bottom plates of the box type composite beam. The solid model is very difficult to combine with the overall calculation. Moreover, the spatial grid model can achieve the refinement analysis, with the integrity of the analysis and the comprehensiveness of the stress checking calculation, and can make up the deficiency of the analytical method currently. Through the example verification of the solid model and spatial grid model, it can be seen that the calculation results for the stress and the displacement of two models are almost consistent, indicating the applicability and precision of the spatial grid model.