Microarray Analyses: Gene Expression of Host Cells Infected with Endosymbiotes, Wolbachia and Cytophaga-like Organism

Hiroaki Noda,Yuki Nakamura,Tetsuo Gotoh,Yasuhito Kato,Timothy J. K.urtti,Shigco Imanishi,Yoshiaki Nagamura,Kazuei Mita 한국응용곤충학회 2005 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.05

Transaplantation of neural stem cells into the spinal cord after injury

Okano, Hideyuki,Ogawa, Yuto,Nakamura, Masaya,Kaneko, Shinjiro,Iwanami, Akio,Toyama, Yoshiaki 한림대학교 환경·생명과학연구소 2003 [일송 국제심포지엄] 노화와 만성퇴행성 신경질환 Vol.- No.5

Thanks to advances in the stem cell biology of the central nervous system (CNS), the previously inconceivable regeneration of the damaged CNS is approaching reality. The availability of signals to induce the appropriate differentiation of the transplanted and/or endogenous neural stem cells(NSCs) as well as the timing of the transplantation are important for successful functional recovery of the damaged CNS. Because the immediately post-traumatic microenvironment of the spinal cord is in an acute inflammatory stage, it is not favorable for the survival and differentiation of NSC transplants. On the other hand, in the chronic stage after injury, glial scars form in the injured site that inhibit the regeneration of neuronal axons. Thus, we believe that the optimal timing of transplantation is 1-2 weeks after injury.

Dispersion-Flocculation Behavior of Fine Lead Particles in an Organic Solvent

Tsunekawa, Masami,Sasaki, Yuta,Nakamura, Yoshiaki,Ito, Mayumi,Hiroyoshi, Naoki,Yoo, Kyoung Keun The Japan Institute of Metals 2008 Materials transactions Vol.49 No.9

<P>Methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) is a good solvent for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and it has been proposed for use in PVC recycling. In the recycling process, fine particles of 3PbO·PbSO<SUB>4</SUB>·H<SUB>2</SUB>O, used as a thermal stabilizer in PVC products, are dispersed and not dissolved in the solvent. To establish methods for removing of 3PbO·PbSO<SUB>4</SUB>·H<SUB>2</SUB>O particles from the solvent, factors affecting the dispersion-flocculation behavior of the particles in MEK were investigated.The zeta potential and particle distribution of 3PbO·PbSO<SUB>4</SUB>·H<SUB>2</SUB>O particles in MEK solutions containing known amounts of H<SUB>2</SUB>O were measured. Above 5 vol%H<SUB>2</SUB>O in MEK solutions, the zeta potential of 3PbO·PbSO<SUB>4</SUB>·H<SUB>2</SUB>O particles approached zero and the flocculation of particles was achieved. In addition, it was found that Pb<SUP>2+</SUP> and Cl<SUP>−</SUP> affect the zeta potential of the particles. These results indicate that the dispersion-flocculation behavior of lead particles can be influenced by the concentration of H<SUB>2</SUB>O, Pb<SUP>2+</SUP>, and Cl<SUP>−</SUP> in MEK.</P>

Effect of Clearance between Two-Body on Heat Flux in Hypersonic Compression Ramp

Hiroshi Ozawa,Hironao Yokoi,Koichi Mori,Yoshiaki Nakamura 한국항공우주학회 2008 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

The hypersonic flow over a compression ramp is one of the most important problems, where various phenomena occur, such as shock/shock interaction, shock boundary layer interaction, and reattachment of separated boundary layer. Consequently, heat flux and pressure around the corner become high. Actually these phenomena appear in the body flap and wing root of space shuttle. Furthermore, a severe problem such as Columbia takes place when these interactions occur in a crack, as a result of thermal protection tiles damage. The objective of the present study is to experimentally investigate heat flux near the corner of a compression ramp at hypersonic speed. The present two-dimensional compression ramp is consisted of two flat plates. Hence the flow-field is assumed to be nearly two-dimensional. The deflection angle of the corner is fixed at 30 deg. All experiments were performed in the shock tunnel of Nagoya University. The diameter of the nozzle exit is 350㎜, which can produce a hypersonic flow with a Mach number of8.1, where the duration is 50msec. The unit Reynolds number is Re=6.5x10?m?¹. In addition, the effect of the clearance h between the two bodies on the flow-field is examined by measuring distributions of the heat flux. From shclieren images. the flow-field can be classified into two patterns. In the case of no clearance (h/L=0.00), the shear layer generated from upstream of the corner reattaches on the ramp, where heat flux rises in the downstream of the reattachment region. The heat flux is almost same as the stagnation heat flux. In the case of small clearance (h/L=0.025), the reattachment point moves upstream of the ramp, although the large separation region does not change. In the case of a large clearance (h/L=0.050). the separated boundary layer does not reattach on the ramp, and goes into the clearance.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease severity in middle-aged and older men with osteoporosis associates with decreased bone formation

Manabu Tsukamoto,Toshiharu Mori,Eiichiro Nakamura,Yasuaki Okada,Hokuto Fukuda,Yoshiaki Yamanaka,Ken Sabanai,Ke-Yong Wang,Takeshi Hanagiri,Satoshi Kuboi,Kazuhiro Yatera,Akinori Sakai 대한골다공증학회 2020 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.6 No.4

Objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a risk factor for osteoporosis. Nevertheless, much remains unclear regarding the bone metabolism dynamics associated with COPD. The present study focuses on the associations between the COPD severity and serum bone metabolism biomarkers. Methods: We enrolled 40 patients who visited the orthopedics departments at our institutions and underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry between September 2015 and December 2017. Only male osteoporosis patients over 45 years of age were included, and 5 patients were excluded due to disease or use of internal medicines affecting bone metabolism. All subjects underwent lung function testing, spine radiography, and blood tests. We measured percent forced expiratory volume in 1 second (%FEV1), which reflects COPD severity, and we examined the relationships between %FEV1 and serum levels of bone metabolism biomarkers. Results: All subjects were diagnosed with osteoporosis based on T-scores. %FEV1 correlated with body weight, body mass index (BMI), and Z-score/T-scores. %FEV1 moderately correlated with serum levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b in the partial correlation analysis adjusted for BMI or T-score in the lumbar vertebrae. We performed a hierarchical multiple regression analysis to identify that serum ALP and P1NP were the independent explanatory variables to %FEV1 independent of other factors. Conclusions: The data suggest that the COPD severity in middle-aged and older men with osteoporosis associates with decreased bone formation. COPD patients may exhibit bone metabolism dynamics characterized by low bone turnover with osteogenesis dysfunction as COPD becomes severe.

Differences in the effects of BMI on bone microstructure between loaded and unloaded bones assessed by HR-pQCT in Japanese postmenopausal women

Norifumi Fujii,Manabu Tsukamoto,Nobukazu Okimoto,Miyuki Mori,Yoshiaki Ikejiri,Toru Yoshioka,Makoto Kawasaki,Nobuhiro Kito,Junya Ozawa,Ryoichi Nakamura,Shogo Takano,Saeko Fujiwara 대한골다공증학회 2021 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.7 No.2

Objectives: The relationship between weight-related load and bone mineral density (BMD)/bone microstructure under normal load conditions using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) remains unconfirmed. The study aims to investigate the differences in effect of body mass index (BMI) on BMD/bone microstructure of loaded and unloaded bones, respectively, in Japanese postmenopausal women. Methods: Fifty-seven postmenopausal women underwent HR-pQCT on the tibia and radius. Correlation analysis, principal component (PC) analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression were performed to examine the relationship between BMI and HR-pQCT parameters. Results: Several microstructural parameters of the tibia and radius correlated with BMI through a simple correlation analysis, and these relationships remained unchanged even with an age-adjusted partial correlation analysis. PC analysis was conducted using seven bone microstructure parameters. The first PC (PC1) reflected all parameters of trabecular and cortical bone microstructures, except for cortical porosity, whereas the second PC (PC2) reflected only cortical bone microstructure. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis indicated that BMI was more strongly related to BMD/bone microstructure in the tibia than in the radius. Furthermore, BMI was associated with trabecular/cortical BMD, and PC1 (not PC2) of the tibia and radius. Thus, BMI was strongly related to the trabecular bone microstructure rather than the cortical bone microstructure. Conclusions: Our data confirmed that BMI is associated with volumetric BMD and trabecular bone microstructure parameters in the tibia and radius. However, although BMI may be more related to HRpQCT parameters in the tibia than in the radius, the magnitude of association is modest.

A Triple Squealer For Axial Flow Turbines

By Mohamed El-Ghandour,M. K. Ibrahim,Koichi Mori,Yoshiaki Nakamura 한국항공우주학회 2008 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

In this paper a new blade tip shape, triple squealer, has been proposed. This shape is based on the conventional double squealer, and the cavity on the tip surface is divided into two parts by using a third squealer along the blade camber line. Four cases for the ratio of groove depth to span (GDS ratio): 0.75%, 1.5%,2.25%, and 3%, which correspond to 50%, 100%, 150%, and 200% of the tip clearance to span ratio, respectively, were taken up to investigate the effects of the GDS ratio on the flow field and losses. The flat tip case (baseline case) and the double squealer case were also calculated for comparison. The in-house, unstructured, 3D, Navier-Stokes, finite volume, multiblock code with DES (Detached Eddy Simulation) as turbulence model was used to calculate the flow field. It was found from calculated results that reduction in the mass flow rate of leakage flow in the case of a triple squealer with a GDS ratio of 1.5% is 8 times that for the double squealer case.

Elliptic Trailing Edge for a High Subsonic Turbine Cascade

Mahmoud M. El-Gendi,Mohammed K. Ibrahim,Koichi Mori,Yoshiaki Nakamura 한국항공우주학회 2008 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

The flow through a turbine cascade was numerically simulated for an exit isentropic Mach number of 0.79 and a Reynolds number of 2.8 × 10? The objective of the present study is to improve the base pressure distribution at this high subsonic Mach number. Calculation was carried out using the in-house numerical code, where the 2<SUP>nd</SUP> order Roe scheme for inviscid numerical fluxes. the 2<SUP>nd</SUP> order implicit dual lime method for time integration, and Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation for turbulence are employed. Time-averaged pressure distributions through the cascade have been presented with more attention paid to the trailing edge region. Calculated results show the non-uniform pressure distribution along the trailing edge, which is close to experimental data and different from almost uniform pressure distributions at moderate subsonic Mach numbers. To improve the trailing edge pressure distribution, we use an elliptic trailing edge instead of a circular one as a proposal for a new, practical trailing edge shape. The elliptic trailing edge make not only the trailing edge pressure distribution uniform but also increase the average base pressure by 5.26%.