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Memory-Efficient NBNN Image Classification
YoonSeok Lee,Sung-Eui Yoon 한국정보과학회 2017 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.11 No.1
Naive Bayes nearest neighbor (NBNN) is a simple image classifier based on identifying nearest neighbors. NBNN uses original image descriptors (e.g., SIFTs) without vector quantization for preserving the discriminative power of descriptors and has a powerful generalization characteristic. However, it has a distinct disadvantage. Its memory requirement can be prohibitively high while processing a large amount of data. To deal with this problem, we apply a spherical hashing binary code embedding technique, to compactly encode data without significantly losing classification accuracy. We also propose using an inverted index to identify nearest neighbors among binarized image descriptors. To demonstrate the benefits of our method, we apply our method to two existing NBNN techniques with an image dataset. By using 64 bit length, we are able to reduce memory 16 times with higher runtime performance and no significant loss of classification accuracy. This result is achieved by our compact encoding scheme for image descriptors without losing much information from original image descriptors.
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Lee, Seoung Hee,Park, Hye Soon,Lee, Jung Ah,Song, Young Sook,Jang, Yeon Jin,Kim, Jong-Hyeok,Lee, Yeon Ji,Heo, Yoonseok Rapid Communications of Oxford 2013 Obesity surgery Vol.23 No.4
<P>Limited data are available on the in vivo expression of fibronectin, one of the main extracellular matrix components. We investigated the expression of fibronectin in abdominal visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and the associations of leptin, adiponectin, and vaspin gene expression with metabolic parameters in obese women.</P>
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Yoonseok Lee,Debasri Mukherjee 한국계량경제학회 2008 한국계량경제학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.2
This paper considers kernel-based nonparametric estimation of panel models using local linear least squares, when both the fixed individual effects and the time effects present. The marginal effect is of the main interest. A within-group type nonparametric estimator is developed, where the within transformation is based on locally weighted average. For nonparametric fixed-effects models, it is shown that conventional within transformation or first difference render panel nonparametric estimators biased and the bias does not degenerate even with large samples. The proposed estimator, on the other hand, not only achieves the degenerating approximated bias of the order h 2 but also has the approximated variance of the order 1/N T h 3 . The optimal bandwidth parameter is also obtained to be of the order (N T ) −1/7 . The new estimation is applied to analyze the nonlinear relationship between emission and income (i.e., the environmental Kuznets curve) using U.S. state-level panel data on nitrogen oxide and sulfur dioxide emissions.
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( Yoonseok Lee ),( Young-sun Lee ),( Ji Hoon Kim ),( Young Kul Jung ),( Sung Bum Cho ),( Do Young Kim ),( Moon Young Kim ),( Hyung Joon Kim ),( Yeon Seok Seo ),( Ki Tae Yoon ),( Young Mi Hong ),( Jeon 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1
Aims: Sorafenib is a standard first-line systemic therapy of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However there are few studies that have examined prognostic factors of sorafenib therapy in prospective cohort. We analyze prognostic factors of HCC patients who were treated with sorafenib. Methods: Between May 2016 and May 2018, 288 advanced HCC patients treated with sorafenib were prospectively enrolled at 13 hospitals. Originally, this study has been performed to investigated the efficacy of Urea cream. We analyzed various prognostic factors of sorafenib for overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS) by Univariate and Multivariate analyses using Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results: We included 288 patients in the present analysis. The median age was 61 years. Among the 288 patients, 241 (83.7%) were male. Chronic hepatitis B (68.4%) was main etiologic factor in development of HCC. Most of the patients (85.4%) were in the advanced Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer Stage. Hand-foot skin reactions (HFSR) were observed in 142 patients (49.2%). The univariate analysis identified presence of HFSR, serum albumin level as potential prognostic factor for PFS. In multivariate analysis for PFS, presence of HFSR (HR 0.212; 95% CI: 0.091-0.495, P<0.001) and serum albumin level (HR 0.30, 95% CI: 0.158-0.568, P<0.001) were significant factors of PFS. Prognostic factors for OS were analyzed in the same method. In univariate analysis, presence of ascites, serum albumin level and creatinine level, presence of HFSR were potential prognostic factors for OS. In multivariate analysis for OS, presence of HFSR (HR 0.144; 95% CI: 0.063-0.330, p 0.002), albumin level (HR ratio 0.283; 95% CI: 0.148-0.544, P<0.001), creatinine level (HR 1.395; 95% CI 1.133-1.717, p 0.002) were significant factors of OS. BCLC stage, presence of portal vein invasion, presence of distant metastasis were not statistically significant in the present analysis. Conclusions: Developing HFSR from sorafenib therapy and high serum albumin level were independently associated with good OS and PFS. Developing HFSR have been suggested as valuable indicator of good sorafenib prognosis.
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Memory-Efficient NBNN Image Classification
Lee, YoonSeok,Yoon, Sung-Eui Korean Institute of Information Scientists and Eng 2017 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.11 No.1
Naive Bayes nearest neighbor (NBNN) is a simple image classifier based on identifying nearest neighbors. NBNN uses original image descriptors (e.g., SIFTs) without vector quantization for preserving the discriminative power of descriptors and has a powerful generalization characteristic. However, it has a distinct disadvantage. Its memory requirement can be prohibitively high while processing a large amount of data. To deal with this problem, we apply a spherical hashing binary code embedding technique, to compactly encode data without significantly losing classification accuracy. We also propose using an inverted index to identify nearest neighbors among binarized image descriptors. To demonstrate the benefits of our method, we apply our method to two existing NBNN techniques with an image dataset. By using 64 bit length, we are able to reduce memory 16 times with higher runtime performance and no significant loss of classification accuracy. This result is achieved by our compact encoding scheme for image descriptors without losing much information from original image descriptors.
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Lee, Nohyun,Choi, Yoonseok,Lee, Youjin,Park, Mihyun,Moon, Woo Kyung,Choi, Seung Hong,Hyeon, Taeghwan American Chemical Society 2012 NANO LETTERS Vol.12 No.6
<P>The theoretically predicted maximum <I>r</I><SUB>2</SUB> relaxivity of iron oxide nanoparticles was achieved by optimizing the overall size of ferrimagnetic iron oxide nanocubes. Uniform-sized iron oxide nanocubes with an edge length of 22 nm, encapsulated with PEG-phospholipids (WFION), exhibited high colloidal stability in aqueous media. In addition, WFIONs are biocompatible and did not affect cell viability at concentrations up to 0.75 mg Fe/ml. Owing to the enhanced colloidal stability and the high <I>r</I><SUB>2</SUB> relaxivity (761 mM<SUP>–1</SUP> s<SUP>–1</SUP>), it was possible to successfully perform in vivo MR imaging of tumors by intravenous injection of 22-nm-sized WFIONs, using a clinical 3-T MR scanner.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2012/nalefd.2012.12.issue-6/nl3010308/production/images/medium/nl-2012-010308_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nl3010308'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
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Yoonseok Choi,Hoon Bock Lee,Sung-Bum Park,Bong-Hyun Hong,Sang-Yoon Lee,Kyun Hyon Tchah 한국물리학회 2006 Current Applied Physics Vol.6 No.5
For transmission of multimedia data via ad-hoc networks, the next-generation Bluetooth specication, Bluetooth EDR(Enhanced Data Rate) was developed recently. The design issues of the Bluetooth EDR are how area-eciently three modulationschemesGFSK,p/4-shifted DQPSK and 8-DPSKare combined, and how fast and simply they perform seamless timing and car-rier recovery as the demodulation scheme is changed to receive enhanced-rate data. So we proposed 6 hardware or software schemesfor area reduction and simple implementation, and designed a Bluetooth EDR baseband controller using those schemes. We espe-cially proposed and designed a simple scheme that compensates carrier frequency oset by using an average of phase errors betweenadjacent symbols. The FPGA implementation integrated with link manager software was tested with Bluetooth EDR specication,and was shown to be fully functional with enhanced data rates of 2 Mbps and 3 Mbps in spite of switching of modulation methodduring packet transmission. Timing recovery was completed within 10l s which is shorter than 11l s assigned to synchronizationsequence after GFSK demodulation, and the coverage of frequency oset was 100 kHz which is wider than 40 kHz of the specication.
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Kinetic Analysis of Hole Migration through DNA
Yoonseok Lee,Gil-Ho Kim 한국물리학회 2004 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.45 No.1
The mechanism of hole migration through donor-DNA-acceptor systems is studied using a kinetic model, in which the time evolution of the hole population at guanine sites is expressed in terms of the hopping rates between neighboring guanine-cytosine (GC) base pairs. The hole hopping rates are empirically determined and eectively include all important factors of the hole migration process. We present quantitative and qualitative descriptions of hole migration along DNA by analyzing such quantities as survival probabilities, mean residence times, and mean rst passage times for a number of dierent donor-DNA-acceptor systems. The sequence dependence and distance-dependence of the hole-migration mechanism are examined in depth for both short and long donor-DNA-acceptor systems. Some important consequences obtained from our analysis are as follows: (i) The path that a hole takes in going through cross-linked adenine-thymine (AT) base pairs is 1.5 times longer than the typical base-stacking distance; thus, the hole transfer rate decreases about twice as fast for each cross-linked AT base pair as for a directly linked one. (ii) If the GC and AT base pairs are properly arranged the hole migration time can be changed, while keeping the transfer rate the same. (iii) A formula is derived for estimating the maximal length of regular DNA bridges for use in hole-migration experiments.
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Lee, Dong-Hoon,Lee, Do-Wan,Kwon, Jae-Im,Kim, Sang-Tae,Woo, Chul-Woong,Kon Kim, Jeong,Won Kim, Kyung,Seong Lee, Jin,Gon Choi, Choong,Suh, Ji-Yeon,Choi, Yoonseok,Woo, Dong-Cheol Elsevier 2019 Brain Research Vol.1717 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Purpose</B></P> <P>To evaluate temporal changes in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signals in the hippocampus during epileptiform activity induced by kainic acid (KA) in a rat model of status epilepticus using chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging technique.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>CEST imaging and <SUP>1</SUP>H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (<SUP>1</SUP>H MRS) were applied to a systemic KA-induced rat model to compare GABA signals. All data acquisition and analytical procedures were performed at three different time points (before KA injection, and 1 and 3 h after injection). The CEST signal was analyzed based on regions of interests (ROIs) in the hippocampus, while <SUP>1</SUP>H MRS was analyzed within a 12.0 μL ROI in the left hippocampus. Signal correlations between the two methods were evaluated as a function of time change up to 3 h after KA injection.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The measured GABA CEST-weighted signal intensities of the rat epileptic hippocampus before injection showed significant differences from those after (averaged signals from both hippocampi: 4.37% ± 0.87% and 7.305 ± 1.11%; P < 0.05), although the signal had increased slightly at both time points after KA injection, the differences were not significant (P > 0.05). In contrast, the correlation between the CEST imaging values and <SUP>1</SUP>H MRS was significant (r ≥ 0.64; P < 0.05; in all cases).</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>GABA signal changes during epileptiform activity in the rat hippocampus, as detected using CEST imaging, provided a significant contrast according to changes in metabolic activity. Our technical approach may serve as a potential supplemental option to provide biomarkers for brain disease.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We evaluated the feasibility of CEST imaging for GABA detection in the rat models of status epilepticus. </LI> <LI> GABACEST-weighted signals were compared to GABA concentrations acquired from <SUP>1</SUP>H MRS. </LI> <LI> GABACEST-weighted signals showed significant differences between pre- and post-epileptic status. </LI> </UL> </P>
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