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Insect-specific microRNA involved in the development of the silkworm Bombyx mori
Yong Zhang,Xue Zhou,Xie Ge,Jiang-Hao Jiang,Mu-Wang Li,Shi-Hai Jia,Xiao-Nan Yang,Yun-Chao Kan,Xue-Xia Miao,Guo-Ping Zhao,Fei Li,Yong-Ping Huang 한국응용곤충학회 2009 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.10
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous non-coding genes that participate in post-transcription regulation by either degrading mRNA or blocking its translation. It is considered to be very important in regulating insect development and metamorphosis. Insects are the largest group of animals and are extremely valuable in biological and agriculture research. Insects are also important pests to human health and agriculture, and efforts are necessary protect both humans and plants from disease and damage. Despite their importance, insects lag behind mammals, nematodes, and plants in miRNA research. At present, only 279 insect miRNAs have been identified from Drosophila melanogaster, Anopheles gambiae, Apis mellifera, Bombyx mori, and D. pseudoobscura in miRBase, and most of these miRNAs were computationally predicted without experimental validation. Functional analysis of insect miRNAs has only been conducted in D. melanogaster.
Fast Thresholding Based on Improved Minimum Cross Entropy
Yong-Liang Zhang,Wen Zhang,Gang Xiao,Jia-Fa Mao,Shan-Shan Huang,Xiao-Wei Zheng 제어로봇시스템학회 2012 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.10
Image segmentation is an important and classic problem in image processing and computer vision. Thresholding is applied to many fields, because of its less computation and stable performance. The key of thresholding method is to determine the adaptive threshold. In order to segment biological image effectively, a new adaptive thresholding method is proposed. First, two dimension minimum entropy is computed based on gray-gradient co-occurrence matrix; and then the genetic algorithm is applied to encode the two-dimension threshold vector; Finally, the optimum threshold is calculated based on fitness function and uniformity measurement(UM). Experimental results show that this method has three advantages: 1) improve computational efficiency so that it can run in real time; 2) retain more object and edge information so that it can meet the practical requirement; 3) robust to the uneven distribution of light.
Huang, Hui,Zhang, Bin,Chen, Wen,Zhou, Shuang-Mei,Zhang, Yong-Xia,Gao, Li,Xu, Zhen-Gang,Qiao, You-Lin,Tang, Ping-Zhang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.3
This study focused on infection rates and subtypes of human papillomavirus (HPV) in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and the relationship between HPV status and prognosis of the disease. We evaluated sixty-six OSCC patients who met the enrollment criteria during the period from January 1999 to December 2009. The presence or absence of oncogenic HPV types in tumors was determined using the SPF10 LiPA25 assay. Overall survival (OS) and disease specific survival (DSS) for HPV positive and HPV negative patients were estimated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. The Cox regression model was applied for multivariate analysis. HPV-DNA was detected in 11(16.7%) of all specimens. Among them, 7 were type HPV-16, while other types were HPV-16/11, HPV-35, HPV-58/52, and HPV-33/52/54. Patients with HPV positive tumors were more likely to be female, non-smokers and non-drinkers (p=0.002, 0.001 and 0.001, respectively). After a median follow-up of 24.5 months, patients with HPV positive tumors had significantly better overall survival (HR=0.106[95%CI=0.014-0.787], p=0.016,) and disease specific survival (HR=0.121[95%CI=0.016-0.906], p=0.030). Patients with HPV positive OSCC have significantly better prognosis than patients with HPV negative tumors. HPV infection is an independent prognostic factor.
Yong Su,Zhiwei Pan,Yongpei Peng,Shenghong Huang,Qingchuan Zhang 국제구조공학회 2019 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.24 No.6
In nuclear fusion reactors, the key structural component (i.e., the plasma-facing component) undergoes high heat flux cyclic loading. To ensure the safety of fusion reactors, an experimental study on the temperature-induced creep of stainless steel under heat flux cyclic loading was performed in the present work. The strains were measured using a stereo digital image correlation technique (3D-DIC). The influence of the heat haze was eliminated, owing to the use of a vacuum environment. The specimen underwent heat flux cycles (500°C-1000°C) with different mechanical preloads (0 kN, 10 kN, 30 kN, and 50 kN). The results revealed that, for a relatively large preload (for example, 50 kN), a single temperature cycle can induce a residual strain of up to 15000
GAN-Based Local Lightness-Aware Enhancement Network for Underexposed Images
Yong Chen,Meiyong Huang,Huanlin Liu,Jinliang Zhang,Kaixin Shao 한국정보처리학회 2022 Journal of information processing systems Vol.18 No.4
Uneven light in real-world causes visual degradation for underexposed regions. For these regions, insufficientconsideration during enhancement procedure will result in over-/under-exposure, loss of details and colordistortion. Confronting such challenges, an unsupervised low-light image enhancement network is proposed inthis paper based on the guidance of the unpaired low-/normal-light images. The key components in our networkinclude super-resolution module (SRM), a GAN-based low-light image enhancement network (LLIEN), anddenoising-scaling module (DSM). The SRM improves the resolution of the low-light input images beforeillumination enhancement. Such design philosophy improves the effectiveness of texture details preservationby operating in high-resolution space. Subsequently, local lightness attention module in LLIEN effectivelydistinguishes unevenly illuminated areas and puts emphasis on low-light areas, ensuring the spatial consistencyof illumination for locally underexposed images. Then, multiple discriminators, i.e., global discriminator, localregion discriminator, and color discriminator performs assessment from different perspectives to avoid over-/under-exposure and color distortion, which guides the network to generate images that in line with humanaesthetic perception. Finally, the DSM performs noise removal and obtains high-quality enhanced images. Bothqualitative and quantitative experiments demonstrate that our approach achieves favorable results, whichindicates its superior capacity on illumination and texture details restoration.
PEGylated Fmoc–Amino Acid Conjugates as Effective Nanocarriers for Improved Drug Delivery
Zhang, Peng,Huang, Yixian,Kwon, Yong Tae,Li, Song American Chemical Society 2015 Molecular pharmaceutics Vol.12 No.5
<P>A structure activity relationship (SAR) study was conducted using a series of PEGylated Fmoc-amino acid conjugates (PFA) as a simple model to gain more insight into carrier drug interaction. Among the eight PEG(2000)-Fmoc conjugates with different neighboring structures of Fmoc motif, PEG(2000)-Fmoc-Lys (Cbz) (PFA(2))-based nanomicelles exhibited the smallest particle size distribution, lowest critical micelle concentration (CMC) value, and highest loading capacity with paclitaxel (PTX). These biophysical properties were largely attributed to the strengthened carrier carrier and carrier drug interaction, including pi-pi stacking, hydrophobic, and hydrogen bonding interaction, as confirmed by fluorescence quenching and C-13 NMR study. In vitro and in vivo evaluation further demonstrated the effectiveness of PFA(2) as a nanocarrier for efficient delivery of PTX to achieve improved antitumor activity. Importantly, PFA(2) was also effective in formulating eight other model drugs of diverse structures, indicating a broad application potential. This work may shed insights into the molecular basis for the structural optimization of nanocarriers for improved delivery efficacy.</P>
Yong Wang,Jianfeng Huang,Guoqiang Tan,Jing Huang,Lili Zhang 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2015 NANO Vol.10 No.1
C-doped BiVO4 with self-heterostructure were synthesized via a facile one-step microwave-hydrothermal route at different reaction temperatures and reaction times. The crystal structure,morphology and photophysical properties of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and UV-Vis techniques. The photocatalytic properties of the samples were evaluated by the decolorization of rhodamine B under ultraviolet light or simulated visible light irradiation. It was found that pure BiVO4 polyhedrons had a monoclinic structure while C-doped BiVO4 had self-heterostructure with both monoclinic and tetragonal phase. This mixed-phase structure exhibited higher activity than monoclinic structure under ultraviolet light irradiation while monoclinic C-doped BiVO4 had better photocatalytic property under simulated visible light irradiation. The selectivity of the light source with different C-doped BiVO4 self-heterostructures was also discussed in this work.
Huang, Xin,Liu, Yan,Zhang, Yong,Li, Shuai-Ping,Yue, Hao,Chen, Chang-Bao,Liu, Shu-Ying The Korean Society of Ginseng 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.1
Background: The structural conversions in ginsenosides induced by steaming or heating or acidic condition could improve red ginseng bioactivities significantly. In this paper, the chemical transformations of red American ginseng from fresh Panax quinquefolium L. under steaming were investigated, and the possible mechanisms were discussed. Methods: A method with reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap mass spectrometry ($HPLC-MS^n$)-equipped electrospray ionization ion source was developed for structural analysis and quantitation of ginsenosides in dried and red American ginseng. Results: In total, 59 ginsenosides of protopanaxadiol, protopanaxatriol, oleanane, and ocotillol types were identified in American ginseng before and after steaming process by matching the molecular weight and/or comparing $MS^n$ fragmentation with that of standards and/or known published compounds, and some of them were determined to be disappeared or newly generated under different steaming time and temperature. The specific fragments of each aglycone-type ginsenosides were determined as well as aglycone hydrated and dehydrated ones. The mechanisms were deduced as hydrolysis, hydration, dehydration, and isomerization of neutral and acidic ginsenosides. Furthermore, the relative peak areas of detected compounds were calculated based on peak areas ratio. Conclusion: The multicomponent assessment of American ginseng was conducted by $HPLC-MS^n$. The result is expected to provide possibility for holistic evaluation of the processing procedures of red American ginseng and a scientific basis for the usage of American ginseng in prescription.
The Effect of Transformation on the Virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae
Zhang Xue-Mei,Yin Yi-Bing,Zhu Dan,Chen Bao-De,Luo Jin-Yong,Deng Vi-Ping,Liu Ming-Fang,Chen Shu-Hui,Meng Jiang-Ping,Lan Kai,Huang Yuan-Shuai,Kang Ge-Fei The Microbiological Society of Korea 2005 The journal of microbiology Vol.43 No.4
Although pneumococcus is one of the most frequently encountered opportunistic pathogen in the world, the mechanisms responsible for its infectiveness have not yet been fully understood. In this paper, we have attempted to characterize the effects of pneumococcal transformation on the pathogenesis of the organism. We constructed three transformation-deficient pneumococcal strains, which were designated as Nos. 1d, 2d, and 22d. The construction of these altered strains was achieved via the insertion of the inactivated gene, comE, to strains 1, 2 and 22. We then conducted a comparison between the virulence of the transformation-deficient strains and that of the wild-type strains, via an evaluation of the ability of each strain to adhere to endothelial cells, and also assessed psaA mRNA expression, and the survival of hosts after bacterial challenge. Compared to what was observed with the wild-type strains, our results indicated that the ability of all of the transformation-deficient strains to adhere to the ECV304 cells had been significantly reduced (p < 0.05), the expression of psaA mRNA was reduced significantly (p < 0.05) in strains 2d and 22d, and the median survival time of mice infected with strains Id and 2d was increased significantly after intraperitoneal bacterial challenge (p < 0.05). The results of our study also clearly indicated that transformation exerts significant effects on the virulence characteristics of S. pneumoniae, although the degree to which this effect is noted appears to depend primarily on the genetic background of the bacteria.