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Yan, Jian,Liu, Xiao-Long,Han, Lu-Zhe,Xiao, Gang,Li, Ning-Lei,Deng, Yi-Nan,Yin, Liang-Chun,Ling, Li-Juan,Yu, Xiao-Yuan,Tan, Can-Liang,Huang, Xiao-Ping,Liu, Li-Xin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.2
The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of the transcription factor Ki-67, ER, PR, Her2/neu, p21, EGFR, and TOP II-${\alpha}$ in the tumor tissue of patients with invasive ductal carcinoma(IDC); in addition, we examined correlations between these markers. Two hundred and sixteen IDC patients, who were not previously been treated with chemo- or radiotherapy, were included in the study. All tumors were grade I-III. Expression of molecular markers was determined by immunohistochemical analysis on paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Follow-up data were collected for 3 months to 10 years and analyzed for tumor recurrence, survival time, and prognostic risk factors. We determined Ki-67 expression correlates with the expression of ER, PR, HER-2, EGFR, and TOP-${\alpha}$, as well as lymph node involvement, high tumor grade, lymphovascular invasion, high tumor stage, and high TNM stage in IDC. Positive Ki-67 expression was a risk factor for rapid tumor recurrence and may help tumor progression, leading to poor prognosis in IDC. Ki-67 was directly correlated with EGFR, TOP II-${\alpha}$, lymph node involvement, high tumor grade, lymphovascular invasion, high tumor stage, and high TNM stage in the hormone receptor subtypes of breast cancer. In triple negative breast cancer, Ki-67 correlated with TOP II-${\alpha}$. Expression of Ki-67 correlated with that of ER, PR, HER-2, EGFR, TOP II-${\alpha}$, and p21. In addition, the biomarker Ki-67 has a role as a prognostic factor and indicates a poor prognosis in IDC.
Numerical Simulation on New Conical Spray for Diesel Premixed Charge Compression Ignition
( Li Yan Feng ),( Wu Qiang Long ),( Bao Guo Du ),( Xian Yin Leng ) 한국액체미립화학회 2005 한국액체미립화학회 학술강연회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.-
Concerning the difficulty of pre-mixture preparation for diesel HCCI combustion, a new conical spray is proposed. The new conical spray is formed by the combination of multi-hole nozzle and close impingement structure. The new spray has characteristics of high dispersion and acts with flexible penetration in design. Three-dimensional CFD package AVL FIRE 8.2 was used to simulate pre-mixture preparation process with the new conical spray. The effects of combustion chamber shape and impingement structure on pre-mixture quality were analyzed. The calculation results indicate the following conclusions: (1) with the application of new conical spray, fuel impingement and adhesion on piston or liner surface are avoided; (2) combustion chamber shape has crucial effect on pre-mixture homogeneity, which is apparent when start of injection is or later than 60°CA BTDC; (3) compared with other kinds of combustion chamber, deep reentrant combustion chamber performs better on pre-mixture preparation if the start of injection is 60° or 80°CA BTDC; (4) the geometry of impingement orientation structure also affects pre-mixture quality.
Consumption Motivations for Counterfeit Luxury Brands: Moderating Role of Genuine Brand Experience
Xiao-Long Yin,Yan-Li Yang,Hyung-Jun Kim 한국무역연구원 2021 무역연구 Vol.17 No.5
Purpose - In the Chinese market, increasing numbers of luxury brands are overwhelmed by counterfeits, and the continued success of counterfeits has become a considerable problem. Therefore, this research is to understand the purchase motivations for the counterfeits in the Chinese millennial generation, who are the main force of Chinese luxury brand market and counterfeits market. Design/Methodology/Approach - The data comes from a questionnaire survey from Chinese millennials (N= 391). This study uses the regression analysis and moderation effect model to verify causal relations or compare the difference in particular circumstances. Findings - Among the 8 variables, only 5 motivation factors influence purchase intention of counterfeits. The moderating effect of perceived risk was significant only when Mianzi influences the purchase intention of counterfeits. Millennials without experience in genuine brand more tend to buy counterfeits when they are motivated by conspicuous, Mianzi, and materialism reasons. Conversely, consumers with experience are more likely to buy counterfeits mainly when materialism, bandwagon, and Mianzi motivations become important. Notably, men also purchased counterfeits because of Mianzi or self-gift giving than women, the motivations for buying the counterfeits were more diverse relatively in case of middle-incomers. Research Implications - This study introduced the motivations of core consumer psychology factors into the analysis of counterfeits. The results will provide the theoretical basis for global luxury brand managers facing the Chinese market when formulating sustainable development strategies.
Optimized Transformation of Streptomyces sp. ATCC 39366 Producing Leptomycin by Electroporation
Yong-Qiang Fan,Hong-Jian Liu,Li Yan,Yu-Shi Luan,Hai-Meng Zhou,Jun-Mo Yang,Shang-Jun Yin,Yu-Long Wang 한국미생물학회 2013 The journal of microbiology Vol.51 No.3
Streptomyces sp. ATCC 39366 produces leptomycin derivatives. Leptomycin B, a potent and specific inhibitor against the export of nuclear proteins, is the main product; however, the introduction of DNA into this strain is almost impossible, which has impeded its further use. We developed a Streptomyces sp. ATCC 39366 transformation protocol to introduce foreign DNA via electroporation. Various conditions were examined, including treatments of the cell wall with weakening agents, electroporation parameters, and DNA content. We found that only plasmid DNA isolated from a dam- ET12567 strain resulted in successful transformation. The mycelium growing in a yeast-peptone-dextrose medium supplemented with 1% glycine at 28°C on a rotary shaker (220 rpm) was more dispersed than those without supplementation and prone to electroporation. The maximum transformation efficiency of 8×102 CFU/μg plasmid DNA was obtained at a field strength of 13 kV/cm with a time constant of 13 ms (25-μF capacitor; parallel resistance, 600 Ω) using 1-mm electrocuvettes. The results of the transformations of two other Streptomyces species indicated that the optimized conditions established in this study might only be applicable to Streptomyces sp. ATCC 39366. However, this is the first report of successful transformation of Streptomyces sp. ATCC 39366, and will facilitate the construction of a gene knockout mutant in Streptomyces sp. ATCC 39366 to produce series of new leptomycin derivatives.
Li, Jiazhu,Liu, Yang,Xu, Xi-Sen,Li, Yan-Long,Zhang, Shan-Guo,Yoon, Il,Shim, Young Key,Wang, Jin-Jun,Yin, Jun-Gang The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry Vol.13 No.7
<P>Treatment of methyl mesopyropheophorbide <I>a</I> with formaldehyde under basic conditions gave a novel 13<SUP>2</SUP>-methylene derivative in 85% yield; under acidic conditions, the corresponding 20-hydroxymethyl derivative was obtained in 65% yield. The high reactivity of the enone structural motif existed in the former product provides a unique way to construct some novel chlorophyll <I>a</I> derivatives for various applications. Stereoselective Michael reaction of this compound is studied and discussed.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>pH-Dependent regioselective condensation of methyl mesopyropheophorbide <I>a</I> with HCHO is studied and stereoselective Michael reaction of the 13<SUP>2</SUP>-methylene product is also discussed. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c4ob02491e'> </P>