Roles of Immunohistochemical Staining in Diagnosing Pulmonary Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Yan, Yue,Zhang, Ya-Xiong,Fang, Wen-Feng,Kang, Shi-Yang,Zhan, Jian-Hua,Chen, Nan,Hong, Shao-Dong,Liang, Wen-Hua,Tang, Yan-Na,He, Da-Cheng,Wu, Xuan,Zhang, Li Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.2

Background: Differentiating morphologic features based on hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining is the most common method to classify pathological subtypes of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its accuracy and inter-observer reproducibility in pathological diagnosis of poorly differentiated NSCLC remained to be improved. Materials and Methods: We attempted to explore the role of immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining in diagnosing pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma (SQCC) with poorly differentiated features by HE staining or with elevated serum adenocarcinoma-specific tumor markers (AD-TMs). We also compared the difference of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation rate between patients with confirmed SQCC and those with revised pathological subtype. Logistic regression analyses were used to test the association between different factors and diagnostic accuracy. Results: A total of 132 patients who met the eligible criteria and had adequate specimens for IHC confirmation were included. Pathological revised cases in poor differentiated subgroup, biopsy samples and high-level AD-TMs cases were more than those with high/moderate differentiation, surgical specimens and normal-level AD-TMs. Moreover, biopsy sample was a significant factor decreasing diagnostic accuracy of pathological subtype (OR, 4.037; 95% CI 1.446-11.267, p=0.008). Additionally, EGFR mutation rate was higher in patients with pathological diagnostic changes than those with confirmed SQCC (16.7% vs 4.4%, p=0.157). Conclusions: Diagnosis based on HE staining only might cause pathological misinterpretation in NSCLC patients with poor differentiation or high-level AD-TMs, especially those with biopsy samples. HE staining and IHC should be combined as pathological diagnostic standard. The occurrence of EGFR mutations in pulmonary SQCC might be overestimated.

Coring Damage Extent of Rock Cores Retrieved from High In-situ Stress Condition: A Case Study

Peng Yan,Qi He,Wenbo Lu,Yanli He,Wei Zhou,Ming Chen 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.21 No.7

The distribution of damage in deep rock cores is critical for assessing its influence on rock mechanical characteristics. This paper presents a case study on estimating the coring damage extent induced by the stress redistribution through a combined method of numerical simulation and X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) scanning. Rock cores are taken at 1900 m depth from the test tunnel at Jin-ping Second Stage Hydropower Station (JPII) in China. Firstly, the stress path experienced by the rock core during coring has been examined by the numerical simulation, and the distribution of tensile zone in the cross-section of rock core is also discussed. Then two kinds of samples, collected from the same position under different stress levels, are scanned to obtain CT images, and a special CT value analysis strategy was adopted to evaluate coring damage intensities of these samples. The result indicates that the stress state can be regarded as the principal factor for the distribution of coring damage. During coring in the Test Tunnel of JPII under the quasi-hydrostatic stress condition, high tensile stresses (over 5 MPa) are observed at the exterior edge of rock cores, which may lead to the nucleation of microcracks around the core boundary, and the coring damage then propagates to the core centre. The CT scanning also illustrates that the coring damage zone may cover approximately 70~80% of the entire cross-section from the outside inside (stress level of 50 MPa), and that the central part of the core is less damaged or eventually undisturbed. Thus, intact rock samples can be expected to be obtained by overcoring the original rock cores. However, the applicability of the overcoring method seems to be largely dependent on the state of in-situ stress at the coring site. The whole core may be damaged if the lateral stress coefficient reaches a critical value (e.g. greater than 3.0), in which case a special coring equipment should be adopted to improve the stress state during coring.

Steroidal Saponins from Paris polyphylla Induce Apoptotic Cell Death and Autophagy in A549 Human Lung Cancer Cells

He, Hao,Sun, Yan-Ping,Zheng, Lei,Yue, Zheng-Gang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.3

Background: Paris polyphylla (Chinese name: Chonglou) had been traditionally used for a long time and shown anti-cancer action. Based on the previous study that paris polyphylla steroidal saponins (PPSS) induced cytotoxic effect in human lung cancer A549 cells, this study was designed to further illustrate the mechanisms underlying. Materials and Methods: The mechanisms involved in PPSS-induced A549 cell death were investigated by phase contrast microscopy and fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry and western blot analysis, respectively. Results: PPSS decreased the proportion of viable A549 cells, and exposure of A549 cells to PPSS led to both apoptosis and autophagy. Apoptosis was due to activations of caspase-8, caspase-3, as well as cleavage of PARP, and autophagy was confirmed by up-regulation of Beclin 1 and the conversion from LC3 I to LC3 II. Conclusions: PPSS was able to induce lung cancer A549 cell apoptosis and autophagy in vitro, the results underlining the possibility that PPSS would be a potential candidate for intervention against lung cancer.

A Novel Scheme for Sliding-Mode Control of DC-DC Converters with a Constant Frequency Based on the Averaging Model

He, Yiwen,Xu, Weisheng,Cheng, Yan The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2010 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.10 No.1

A new scheme for sliding-mode control (SMC) of DC-DC converters with a constant switching frequency is proposed. The scheme is based on the averaging model and the output signal of the controller is $d^+$ or $d^-$ instead of the on or off signal of a direct sliding-mode (SM) controller or the continuous signal d = $u_{eq}$ of an indirect SM controller. Two approaches using the new scheme are also proposed and the design procedures for a buck converter are given in detail. The first approach called constant $d^+$ and $d^-$ SMC is simple, cost effective and dynamically fast. In order to improve the dynamic characteristics of the reaching phase and to alleviate chattering, the second approach called reaching law SMC is also presented. Analyses and simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed scheme.

Evaluation of suitable qRT-PCR normalization genes for various citrus rootstocks

He Wen,Xie Rui,Li Huan,Wang Yan,Chen Qing,Lin Yuanxiu,Zhang Yunting,Luo Ya,Zhang Yong,Tang Haoru,Wang Xiaorong 한국식물생명공학회 2022 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.16 No.1

Citrus rootstock can modify plant growth and enhance stress resistance. There are many genotypes and species used as citrus rootstocks. Although multiple citrus rootstocks whole genome sequence and transcriptome databases have previously been published, no suitable internal reference genes have been investigated for standardization of gene expression via quantitative real-time PCR. Here we reported the first systematic and comprehensive analysis of reference genes for quantitative real- time PCR standardization in various citrus rootstocks. The expression stability of ten candidate reference genes in diverse sample subsets of flooding, drought, alkaline and cold treatments was evaluated using four statistical algorithms, geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper and ΔCt method. The results demonstrated that the expression stability of reference genes varied under different experimental conditions. In addition, normalization of gene expression of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase 3 (NCED 3), involved in abscisic acid biosynthesis, was conducted to further confirm the reliability of the reference genes. Overall, EF-1α, DIM 1, GAPC and UBC expressed much more stably. ACTIN and GAPDH were not recommended for normalization in given experimental conditions due to low stability. Our main contribution was to identify reference genes with suitable and stable expression in citrus rootstocks varied across selected experimental conditions. Furthermore, these results will provide valuable information for future research on citrus rootstocks.

Monosaccharide as a Central Scaffold Toward the Construction of Salicylate-Based Bidentate PTP1B Inhibitors via Click Chemistry

Yan-Hui Tang,Min Hu,Xiao-Peng He,Sando Fahnbulleh,Cui Li,Li-Xin Gao,Li Sheng,Yun Tang,Jia Li,Guo-Rong Chen 대한화학회 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.3

The discovery of carbohydrate-based bioactive compounds has recently received considerable interest in the drug development. This paper stresses on the application of 1-methoxy-O-glucoside as the central scaffold,whereas salicylic pharmacophores were introduced with diverse spatial orientations probing into the structural preference of an enzymatic target, i.e. protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B). By employing regioselective protection and deprotection strategy, 2,6-, 3,4-, 4,6- and 2,3-di-O-propynyl 1-methoxy-O-glucosides were previously synthesized and then coupled with azido salicylate via click chemistry in forming the desired bidentate salicylic glucosides with high yields. The inhibitory assay of the obtained triazolyl derivatives leads to the identification of the 2,3-disubstituted salicylic 1-methoxy-O-glucoside as the structurally privileged PTP1B inhibitor among this bidentate compound series with micromole-ranged IC50 value and reasonable selectivity over other homologous PTPs tested. In addition, docking simulation was conducted to propose a plausible binding mode of this authorized inhibitor with PTP1B. This research might furnish new insight toward the construction of structurally different bioactive compounds based on the monosaccharide scaffold.

Lack of Efficacy of Tai Chi in Improving Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Yan, Jun-Hong,Pan, Lei,Zhang, Xiao-Min,Sun, Cui-Xiang,Cui, Guang-He Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.8

Background: It is controversial whether Tai Chi (TC) benefits breast cancer survivors (BCS) on quality of life (QoL). We therefore undertook a meta-analysis to assess this question. Materials and Methods: A computerized search through electronic databases was performed to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The primary outcome was QoL, while secondary outcomes included body mass index (BMI), bone mineral density (BMD), and muscle strength. Results: Five RCTs involving 407 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled standardized mean differences were 0.10 (95% confidence interval (CI): -0.35-0.54) for physical well-being, 0.03 (95%CI: -0.18-0.25) for social/family well-being, 0.24 (95%CI: 0.02-0.45) for emotional well-being, 0.23 (95%CI: -0.03-0.49) for functional well-being, and 0.09 (95%CI: -0.19-0.36) for additional concerns. TC failed to improve BMI, BMD, and muscle strength. Conclusions: There is currently lack of sufficient evidence to support TC improving QoL and other important clinical endpoints.

Zeolite-catalyzed Isomerization of 1-Hexene to trans-2-Hexene: An ONIOM Study

Yan-Feng Li,Ji-Qin Zhu,Peng He,Peng Wang,Hui-Ping Tian,Hui Liu 대한화학회 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.6

Details of the double-bond isomerization of 1-hexene over H-ZSM-5 were clarified using density functional theory. It is found that the reaction proceeds by a mechanism which involves the Brønsted acid part of the zeolite solely. According to this mechanism, 1-hexene is first physically adsorbed on the acidic site, and then,the acidic proton transfers to one carbon atom of the double bond, while the other carbon atom of the double bond bonds with the Brønsted host oxygen, yielding a stable alkoxy intermediate. Thereafter, the Brønsted host oxygen abstracts a hydrogen atom from the C_6H_13 fragment and the C.O bond is broken, restoring the acidic site and yielding trans-2-hexene. The calculated activation barrier is 12.65 kcal/mol, which is in good agreement with the experimental value. These results well explain the energetic aspects during the course of double-bond isomerization and extend the understanding of the nature of the zeolite active sites.

The dynamic stability analysis of guyed masts under random wind loads

He, Yan-Li,Chen, Wu-Jun,Dong, Shi-Lin,Wang, Zhao-Min Techno-Press 2003 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.6 No.2

On the basis of the first Lyapunov stability theory, this paper develops a dynamic stability criterion for elastic structural systems under arbitrary dynamic loads, and shows the stability criterion using energy variation. After the dynamic stability criterion is validated through a classic example, it is used for the dynamic stability investigation of practical guyed masts under random wind loads. The criterion is reliable, simple and of advantage for structures with large number of elements and nodes. The slack guys and internal resonance between guys and mast are two main factors which induces the dynamic instability of guyed masts, at the same time, some dynamic stability characteristics of guyed masts are found.

The Evaluation and Selection of Third-Party Logistics Service Vendor

YAN Wei,HE Jia-lin,HE Jun-liang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.5