Effect of Octadecylamine Modified Graphene on Thermal Stability, Mechanical Properties, and Gas Barrier Properties of Brominated Butyl Rubber

Xinya Yang,Yong Zhang,Yan Xu,Steven Gao,Sharon Guo 한국고분자학회 2017 Macromolecular Research Vol.25 No.3

Graphene oxide (GO) was modified with octadecylamine (ODA) in ethyl alcohol solution to obtain GOODA hybrid. GO-ODA/brominated butyl rubber (BIIR) composites were obtained by solution mixing, in which GO-ODA was well dispersed in nano-sized as confirmed by transmission electron microscope images. The GO-ODA/ BIIR composites had much better mechanical properties than BIIR. The stress at 300% extension of BIIR increased 230% after the addition of 10 phr GO-ODA. The improved mechanical properties benefited from the strong interaction between GO-ODA and BIIR. The heat resistance of GO-ODA/BIIR composites was improved with increasing GOODA loading. GO-ODA/BIIR nanocomposites had better gas barrier properties than BIIR, and the gas transmission rate of GO-ODA/BIIR (10/100) nanocomposite was only 21.2% of that of BIIR. The improved mechanical, heat resistance and gas barrier properties bring BIIR the potential to be used in a wider range of application areas.

광고여백에서 나타나는 자이가르닉 효과(Zeigarnik Effect)

무심아(Wu, Xinya),양재범(Yang, Jaebum) 인제대학교 디자인연구소 2020 Journal of Integrated Design Research (JIDR) Vol.19 No.4

연구배경 정보시대에 문자와 그래픽으로 가득 찬 비주얼커뮤니케이션디자인은 정보의 가속화로 오히려 미관과 가독성을 떨어뜨리는 요인이 되고 있다. 오늘날 광고커뮤니케이션 환경에서 여백의 활용은 광고메시지의 효과적인 전달을 위해 디자이너가 필수적으로 고려해야 할 속성으로 중요시되고 있으며, 이에 광고디자이너의 작업 영역 내에서 ‘여백’의 활용은 브랜드이미지 구축에도 영향을 미치고 있다. 그러나 기존연구를 살펴보면 여백에 관한 연구는 형과 배경의 요소, 레이아웃 등의 평면의 구성요소로서 형상의 조형론에만 집중되어 왔다. 그러므로 본 연구는 조형과 심리학 이론을 적용하여 광고에서 나타나는 자이가르닉 현상의 여백효과를 사례와 함께 커뮤니케이션의 의미전달을 고찰하고자 한다. 연구방법 본 연구는 문헌연구와 사례연구를 고찰하여 진행하였다. 문헌연구는 학위 논문과 학술 논문, 인터뷰 그리고 신문과 출판물을 참고하였다. 또한, 각종 광고 이미지, 포스터와 그래픽 심볼 등을 참고하여 다양한 광고 디자인 정보를 수집하였다. 사례연구의 경우 광고 여백에서 나타나는 완성하지 못한 일을 쉽게 마음속에서 지우지 못하는 현상의 자이가르닉 효과 사례를 선정하여 논의하였다. 연구결과 과거에 광고는 단순히 소비자들에게 상품이나 브랜드를 알리는 것이었지만, 현대광고들은 다양한 표현으로 소통하며 소비자들의 심리적 작용에 영향을 주고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 여백을 활용한 광고 사례에서 자이가르닉 효과(Zeigarnik effect)를 고찰하였다. 광고에서 나타나는 자이가르닉 효과의 기능과 특성의 의미에 대해 밝혀본 여백의 효과는 다음과 같이 정리할 수 있다. 첫째, 자이가르닉 효과의 여백은 광고에서 모든 것이 연결되어 있다. 둘째, 자이가르닉 효과의 여백은 광고에서 적극적 공간이라고 할 수 있다. 셋째, 자이가르닉 효과의 여백은 광고에서 비움으로써 채워지는 특별함이 있다. 결과적으로 자이가르닉 효과의 여백은 광고에서 여운을 남김으로써 기억이 지워지지 않게 한다. 결론 본 연구를 통해 광고 비주얼커뮤니케이션 디자인에서 여백은 단순히 빈 공간의 바탕이 아닌 조형요소의 본질적 주체이며 심리학적 측면인 자이가르닉 현상을 보여주는 관련적 매개라는 것을 보여주었다. 이것은 여백의 기능과 특성, 그리고 시각정보의 여백 관계화 과정을 의미한다. 이는 향후의 광고 디자인에서 여백의 사용에 새로운 이론적 기틀과 표현기회의 확대를 마련하였다. 본 연구에서는 일부 문화적 및 심리학적 이론, 그리고 일부 광고 사례연구에 한정하였으나, 앞으로 보다 다양한 심리학 이론과 사례를 데이터화하여 적용하는 연구를 기대한다. Background In the context of today’s information explosion, in the context of advertising communication, the attribute that helps the effective propagation of AD information is something that designers must consider. Meanwhile, the use of “blank” will also affect the establishment of brand image. However, from the perspective of existing research, the research on blank is mainly focused on plane elements such as shape and background elements, structure, etc. Therefore, this study applies modeling and psychological theories to illustrate the meaning of communication with examples and blank effect of the Zeigarnik effect in AD. Methods This study combines the literature studies and case studies. The literature research refer to dissertations, academic papers, interviews, and newspapers. In addition, a variety of AD images, posters, and image symbols, and collects a variety of AD information. Meanwhile, the case study selects some examples of the Zeigarnik effect in blank of AD, a phenomenon that cannot be easy to forget and unfinished. Result This study is divided into five categories, taking the use of visual information in visual communication design as an example for analysis. The process of associating the features and meanings of blank in visual information can be summarized as follows: First, visual communication design using blank is “this is enough design”. Second, the blank form of vision is “everything is connected”. Third, the blank background of visual communication is to “remove the power and let people lightly into it”. Fourthly, the implication of visual communication form is “the special place filled with emptiness”. Finally, the lingering imagery of visual communication is “if it can’t be done, memory can’t be erased.” Conclusion This study shows that in the visual communication design of AD, the blank is not the basis of pure empty space, but the relevant media to express the essential subject of modeling elements and the Zeigarnik phenomenon at the psychological level. Moreover, the function and characteristics of blank and the process of the blank relationship of visual information are also investigated. This provides a new theoretical framework and performance opportunity for the use of residue in the design of AD in the future. This study is limited to the study of some cultural and psychological theories and AD examples, hoping that a variety of psychological theories and examples can be applied to the study of data in the future.

Food search and transport in red imported fire ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) under wet conditions

Lin Jintao,Yang Xinya,Lyu Hailong,Chen Xuan,Wang Lei,Wang Cai,Wen Xiujun 한국응용곤충학회 2024 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.27 No.1

The red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, has invaded various wetlands such as beaches, swamps, and mangrove forests. We hypothesize that S. invicta can effectively forage food in these habitats. Here, the food searching and transport by S. invicta on each substrate (sand or soil with freshwater or artificial seawater) at different saturation levels (70%, 100%, 130%, or 160%) were evaluated. Ants walked on unsubmerged substrates (70%- and 100%-saturated) to search for food, and surprisingly, they swam and passed 130%- or 160%-saturated substrates that were submerged with thin layers of water. Saturation level may significantly affect duration of food search and/or transport, depending on substrate types. The number of foraging ants rapidly increased and decreased on the food-releasing platform located on the 70%-saturated substrate and remained stable on the platform located on the 100%-saturated substrate. However, only a few ants were found on the platform located on waterlogged substrates throughout the experiment. In addition, no food was successfully transported passing the waterlogged substrate. We also compared food search and transport among four substrates (sand or soil with freshwater or seawater) at the 70%- or 100%-saturation level. Ants spent similar time searching for food and transporting food on the platform, but minimal food was transported passing the soil with freshwater or seawater. Our results showed that S. invicta can successfully search for food but fail to transport food on waterlogged substrates. In addition, both substrate types and saturation level affected food transport under unsubmerged conditions.

Identification of a Novel Human Zinc Finger Gene, ZNF438, with Transcription Inhibition Activity

Zhong, Zhaomin,Wan, Bo,Qiu, Yun,Ni, Jun,Tang, Wenwen,Chen, Xinya,Yang, Yun,Shen, Suqin,Wang, Ying,Bai, Meirong,Lang, Qingyu,Yu, Long Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2007 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.40 No.4

There were many different families of zinc finger proteins that contained multiple cysteine and/or histidine residues and used zinc to stabilize their folds. The classical C2H2 zinc finger proteins were the founding members of this superfamily and were among the most abundant proteins in eukaryotic genomes. C2H2 proteins typically contained several C2H2 fingers that made tandem contacts along the DNA. Here we reported a novel C2H2 type zinc finger gene, ZNF438, which encoded 828 amino acids that formed five zinc finger domains. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the ZNF438 was mapped to human chromosome 10p11.2 and shared 62% identity with rat and mouse homologues. RT-PCR analysis indicated that it was ubiquitously expressed in 18 human adult tissues. With immunofluorescence assay, it was shown that the exogenous Flag-tagged ZNF438 was located in nucleus of COS-7 cells. To further explore the function of ZNF438, we examined the transcriptional activity of ZNF438 protein by transfecting recombinant pM-ZNF438 into mammalian cells. The subsequent analysis based on the duel luciferase assay system showed that ZNF438 was a transcriptional repressor.