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ONE-DIMENSIONAL MODEL ON FUEL PENETRATION IN DIESEL SPRAYS WITH GAS FLOW
M. XU,Y. C. SUN,Y. CUI,K. Y. DENG,L. SHI 한국자동차공학회 2016 International journal of automotive technology Vol.17 No.1
In diesel engine, spray penetration is usually changed by in-cylinder gas flow. Accurate prediction on diesel spray with gas flow is important to the optimal design of diesel fuel injection system. This paper presents a theory investigation focusing on the penetration of diesel spray with gas flow. In order to understand the effect of gas flow on the penetration of diesel spray, a one-dimensional spray model is developed from an idealized diesel spray, which is able to predict the spray behavior under different gas flow conditions. The ambient gas flow is simplified as ideal flow that has only constant flow velocity along x-axial and y-axial directions of spray. The x-axial and y-axial directions are respectively defined as along and vertical spray directions. The main assumption is that the y-axial direction gas flow has no effect on the penetration of spray along x-axial direction. The principles of conservation of mass and momentum are used in the derivation. Momentum of in-cylinder air flow is also taken into consideration. Validation of the model at stable condition is achieved by comparing model predictions with experimental measurements of diesel spray without gas flow from Naber's experiments. Furthermore, CFD simulations on penetration of diesel spray with gas flow were performed with the commercial code AVL-fire. The onedimensional model is validated by the penetration results with gas flow from CFD calculation. Results show that a reasonable estimation of the spray evolution can be obtained for both with and without ambient gas flow conditions.
Jae-Gap Suh,Wan-Ho Cho,Triantafillos Koukoulas,Hack-Yoon Kim,Zhenglie Cui,Yôiti Suzuki 한국정밀공학회 2020 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.21 No.7
A laser pistonphone system capable of measuring the sensitivity modulus and phase of microphones is proposed. For the primary vibration calibration, the sine-approximation method has been applied which is used to calculate the complex sensitivity of accelerometers. This method is based on a laser interferometer with quadrature output instead of the fringe-counting method that is used in conventional laser pistonphones. Here, the laser pistonphone system based on the sine-approximation method with the quadrature signal is proposed and the measured results are compared to those obtained by the reciprocity method. The measured sensitivity with the proposed method agrees well with the result of the reciprocity method for the infrasound range. However, in case of the phase sensitivity, the discrepancy is relatively high in comparison to the sensitivity modulus. The results show that the proposed system is capable of calibrating the complex sensitivity of microphones. The improvement of the uncertainty and extension of the frequency range can be achieved by modification of the excitation system for obtaining the required stable excitation with long stroke.
Cui, H.Y.,Murthy, H.N.,Moh, S.H.,Cui, Y.Y.,Lee, E.J.,Paek, K.Y. Elsevier 2014 Industrial crops and products Vol.53 No.-
Protocorm suspension cultures of Dendrobium candidum were established in balloon type bubble bioreactors for the production of biomass and bioactive compounds. Various culture parameters namely culture method, inoculum density and aeration volume were optimized. Immersion cultures found to be superior as compared to raft and ebb and flood methods in terms of accumulation of optimum biomass and bioactive compounds. An inoculums density of 50gl<SUP>-1</SUP> was found suitable for accumulation of biomass and bioactive compounds. An aeration volume of 0.1vvm was found suitable for the accumulation of biomass, whereas aeration volume of 0.3vvm was found suitable for production of polysaccharides, coumarins, polyphenolics, flavonoids, vitamin C and vitamin E. The results of the current study are useful for scale-up process for the production of bioactive compounds from D. candidum protocorm suspension cultures.
AG NANOPARTICLES-MODIFIED ANATASE TiO 2 SINGLE CRYSTALS CUBES FOR IMPROVING PHOTOELECTRIC CONVERSION
Y. Q. LIANG,X. J. YANG,Z. D. CUI,S. L. ZHU,Z. Y. LI 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2014 NANO Vol.9 No.2
Ag nanoparticles were deposited by polyol process onto the as-synthesized anatase TiO 2 cubeswith single crystals by hydrothermal method. The materials were characterized by SEM, XRD,TEM, XPS and UV-vis spectroscopy and their photoconversion e±ciencies were also evaluated. The photocurrent measurements revealed that the modi¯cation of the anatase TiO 2 cubes withAg nanoparticles improved the photoelectrochemical properties of electrodes.
Single poly-EEPROM with stacked MIM and n-well capacitor
Cui, Z.-Y.,Choi, M.-H.,Kim, Y.-S.,Lee, H.-G.,Kim, K.-W.,Kim, N.-S. IET 2009 Electronics letters Vol.45 No.3
<P>The new structure of electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), using a capacitor of stacked metal-insulator-metal (MIM) and <I>n</I>-well, is proposed. The oxide capacitance in the <I>n</I>-well region is effectively applied without sacrificing the cell area and the control gate coupling ratio. Therefore, for the same program-voltage rating, the proposed cell allows the EEPROM to have a higher speed handling capability even with a quite small cell size. Measured results show that the programming speed of the proposed cell is almost the same as that of the conventional MIM control gate cell. In an endurance test of 10 000 program/erase cycles, the shift of program threshold voltage is found to be 1.4 V without degradation of read currents.</P>
Cui, Y-H,Suh, Y,Lee, H-J,Yoo, K-C,Uddin, N,Jeong, Y-J,Lee, J-S,Hwang, S-G,Nam, S-Y,Kim, M-J,Lee, S-J Macmillan Publishers Limited 2015 Oncogene Vol.34 No.42
Despite ionizing radiation (IR) is being widely used as a standard treatment for lung cancer, many evidences suggest that IR paradoxically promotes cancer malignancy. However, its molecular mechanisms underlying radiation-induced cancer progression remain obscure. Here, we report that exposure to fractionated radiation (2 Gy per day for 3 days) induces the secretion of granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) that has been commonly used in cancer therapies to ameliorate neutropenia. Intriguingly, radiation-induced G-CSF promoted the migratory and invasive properties by triggering the epithelial–mesenchymal cell transition (EMT) in non-small-cell lung cancer cells (NSCLCs). By irradiation, G-CSF was upregulated transcriptionally by β-catenin/TCF4 complex that binds to the promoter region of G-CSF as a transcription factor. Importantly, irradiation increased the stability of β-catenin through the activation of PI3K/AKT (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT), thereby upregulating the expression of G-CSF. Radiation-induced G-CSF is recognized by G-CSFR and transduced its intracellular signaling JAK/STAT3 (Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription), thereby triggering EMT program in NSCLCs. Taken together, our findings suggest that the application of G-CSF in cancer therapies to ameliorate neutropenia should be reconsidered owing to its effect on cancer progression, and G-CSF could be a novel therapeutic target to mitigate the harmful effect of radiotherapy for the treatment of NSCLC.